!"#$%&&'(#)*+',-.%(#/"0&#1"#234(#5%(66(#4*0/'"1(#
734(#8"6-(#
1)La bataille de Stalingrad
2) Le piège de Joukov et défaite de la 6ème armée allemande
3)La contre offensive Russe!
934(#8"6-(#
"#$%!&'(')*+!!
:34(#8"6-(#!(&#;*0<,6(0;(&#
1)1ère rencontre Churchill – Staline
2)Téhéran
3)2ème entrevue de Moscou
4)Yalta
5)Potsdam et la courte guerre de la Russie contre le Japon
La relance de «Barberousse»
Stalingrad
,(-!*+!.+/0+*1!2+.2+*32+!(4'5+*-60+!7/4%/!.26*1+8.-!"9:;<!=/!8'6-!3+!8%6>!?@%2A'0!+1!?+21B@!1'8C+*1!+1!-6!DEC%-1'.'(!!2E-6-1+!+*B'2+!!+((+!
1'8C+2%!%/!3EC/1!3+!F/6((+1<!$%!362+BG0+!:"!34H61(+2!3/!I!%026(!"9:;!3EJ*6--%61!!1(&#*=>(;-<&#?#"@('0/6(#K)A"1'056"/##B*%6#*%+6'6#(0&%'A(#1"#
6*%A(#/%#C"%;"&(#"D0#/E"@('0/6(#1(&#;F"4B&#B,A6*1'<36(&#/(#G"'H*BI#J6*K0L#(A#M"H*%<!L+M+!)2%*3+!'5+*-60+!N/1!(%*BE+!(+!;O!F/6*!"9:;!
-/2!/*!(%2)+!N2'*1!+1!.2E-+*1%!34+8C(E!(+-!B%2%B1P2+-!3/!Q(61RA26+)!>!8%6-!-%*-!(%!""P8+!!%28E+!3+!S%*-1+6*!7/6!%T%*1!%B@+0E!(%!B'*7/U1+!3+!
(%!L268E+!E1%61!+*0'TE+!-/2!(+!N2'*1!3+!$+*6*)2%3<!$%!V+@28%B@1!E1%61!%BB'8.%)*E+!;!%28E+-!2'/8%6*+-!34/*+!%28E+!@'*)2'6-+!+1!34/*+!
%28E+!61%(6+**+!WC+%/B'/.!8'6*-!8'G0E+-#<!$+!5,0,6"1#8"%1%&!%0%61!E1%61!B%1%./(1E!%/!"+2!F%*06+2!"9:;!+*!C2X(%*1!(+-!E1%.+-!3/!1%C(+%/!
34%0%*B+8+*1!%/!)2%3+!3+!)E*E2%(!3+-!Y2'/.+-!Q(6*3E+-!W%('2-!7/46(!*4%0%61!+*B'2+!B'88%*3E!%/B/*!B'2.-!34%28E+!*6!8U8+!/*+!3606-6'*#<!
I!F'/2-!.(/-!1%23>!6(!3+0+*%61!'ZB6+((+8+*1!B'88%*3%*1!3+!(%!OP8+!%28E+!%0+B!.'/2!86--6'*!(%!.26-+!3+!D1%(6*)2%3<!
D+!2+.(6%*1!-'/-!(%!.2+--6'*!34/*!+**+86!-/.E26+/2!+*!*'8C2+!>!(+-!12'/.+-!-'06EG7/+-!2E-6-1+*1!%0+B!@E2'[-8+!!+1!)%)*+*1!%6*-6!/*!1+8.-!
.2EB6+/\!7/6!N/1!86-!]!.2'J1!.'/2!(%*B+2!3+-!2E-+20+-!3%*-!(%!C%1%6((+!+1!2+*N'2B+2!(+!.'1+*G+(!3EN+*-6N!]!D1%(6*)2%3<!S%6-!(4+**+86!36-.'-%61!
3%*-!B+M+!R'*+!3+!";^^!%06'*->!+1!%0%61!+*!'/12+!/*+!)2%*3+!-/.E26'261E!+*!%2G((+26+!+1!+*!L@%2-<!=.2P-!/*+!%0%*B+!2%.63+>!(%!OP8+!%28E+!3+!
&%/(/-!%../TE+!.%2!(4%06%G'*!!3+!_6B@1@'N+*!%2260+!+*!0/+!3+!D1%(6*)2%3!(+!;;!%'X1!"9:;<!$+!;`!(+-!%06'*-!3+!_6B@1@'N+*!!3E0+2-+*1!1'/1+!(%!
F'/2*E+!/*!1%.6-!3+!C'8C+-!-/2!(%!06((+!!W"O^^!-'2G+->!"^^^!1'**+-!3+!C'8C+-!+*!*+!.+23%*1!7/+!`!%..%2+6(-#<!!a+-!O^^!^^^!@%C61%*1-!3+!
D1%(6*)2%3!:^!^^^!N/2+*1!1/E-!B+!F'/2!(]<!S%6-!B+M+!3+-12/BG'*!3+!(%!06((+!3'**%!/*!%0%*1%)+!6*%M+*3/!]!-+-!3EN+*-+/2-!!+*!(+/2!'52%*1!3+-!
%C26-!+1!3+-!.'-1+-!3+!G2!.'/2!(+-!B%*'*->!(+-!N/-6(-!%*GB@%2-!+1!(+-!G2+/2-!34E(61+!7/6!F'/P2+*1!/*!2b(+!12P-!68.'21%*1!3%*-!(+-!B'8C%1-!c!3+!
2/+!d!7/6!%((%6+*1!-/602+!+1!%/\!7/+(-!(+-!-'(3%1-!%((+8%*3-!*4E1%6+*1!.%-!+*12%e*E-<!!
f*12+!(+!7#(A#1(#NO#&(BA(4=6(>!(+-!B'8C%1-!-+!B'*B+*12+*1!-/2!(+-!N%/C'/2)!3+!D1%(6*)2%3!+1!(+-!%((+8%*3-!%M+6)*+*1!(%!g'()%!%/!-/3!3+!(%!
06((+!6-'(%*1!3/!2+-1+!3+-!N'2B+-!(%!O;P8+!%28E+!-'06EG7/+<!$+!hE*E2%(!YB@'/6A'0!+-1!*'88E!B'88%*3%*1!3+!B+M+!%28E+!.%2!(+!)E*E2%(!
f8+2+*A'!+1!?@2'/B@1B@+0!<!!
a/!NO#&(BA(4=6(#"%#NP#0*+(4=6(>!B4+-1!(%!C%1%6((+!@6-1'267/+!3%*-!D1%(6*)2%3<!g+2-!(%!86!'B1'C2+!>!(+-!2/--+-!*+!G+**+*1!.(/-!7/+!7/+(7/+-!
.'6*1!N'21-!3'*1!(+!Q*%65"0(#/(#G"4"R#W(+!.'6*1!@%/1!3+!D1%(6*)2%3!B/(86*%*1!]"^;!8P12+-#>!(+-!%((+8%*3-!E1%*1!6*B%.%C(+-!3+!(+-!+*!
3E(')+2!8%()2E!/*+!'5+*-60+!J*%(+!3/2%*1!(%!.2+86P2+!8'6GE!3+!*'0+8C2+<!$+!)2'-!3+!(4%2G((+26+!2/--+!E1%C(6!]!(4+-1!3+!(%!g'()%!+-1!]!(4%C26!
3+-!%06'*-!!3+!_6B@1@'N+*<!&+*3%*1!B+M+!.E26'3+>!1(&#-6(%6&#/E,1'A(#6%&&(&#W@'88+-!+1!N+88+-#>!%BB'8.%)*E!34/*!%--6-1%*1!&*0A#(0#
;*4B,--*0#(0A6(#(%S<!=!B+(/6!7/6!1/+2%!(+!.(/-!34%((+8%*3-<!!(&#&;*6(&#+"6'(0A#(0A6(#NPT#(A#2TTU!S%6-!6(!+\6-1+*1!%/--6!%0+B!(%!8U8+!
B'8.EGG'*!+*12+!3+-!G2+/2-!34E(61+!%/!N/-6(!%*GiB@%2!+1!3+-!G2+/2-!34E(61+!%/!8'2G+2<!L+!-+2'*1!.(/-6+/2-!86((6+2-!34%((+8%*3-!7/6!-+2'*1!
%6*-6!1/E-!B2E%*1!3%*-!(+/2-!2%*)-!/*+!.+/2!2E+((+!]!-+!3E.(%B+2!3%*-!(+-!2/6*+-!3+!(%!06((+<!!f1!./6-!(+!N2'63!%2260+!+*B'2+!/*+!N'6-<!$+!
2%061%6((+8+*1!+*!*'/2261/2+>!8/*6G'*->!B%2C/2%*1>!.6PB+-!3+!2+B@%*)+-!.'/2!(+-!0E@6B/(+-!+1B<!%2260+*1!3+!.(/-!+*!.(/-!36ZB6(+8+*1<!f*!B+1!
J*!:;!3+-!@%/1-!.%2(+/2-!2/--+-!-+26*+*1!+*!%((+8%*3!.'/2!1'/B@+2!(+!8'2%(!3+-!-'(3%1-!j!!
V#)A"1'056"/#<*&&(#;*44%0(#W#N#4*6A#"11(4"0/#A*%A(&#1(&#X#&(;*0/(&#Y##
8(0/"0A#;(#A(4B&I#1(#5,0,6"1#Z*%H*+#6"&&(4=1(#%0(#"64,(#/(#B1%&#/E%0#4'11'*0#/EF*44(&#='(0#,.%'B,&#B*%6#"@".%(6#/"0&#%0#B6(4'(6#
A(4B&#1(&#A6*%B(&#6*%4"'0(I#F*056*'&(#(A#'A"1'(00(#.%'#["0;\5"6/(0A#1(&#A6*%B(&#"11(4"0/(&#B*%6#(0&%'A(#(0;(6;1(6#(A#/,A6%'6(#1"#:34(#
"64,(#/"0&#K*0(#.%'#&(6"#"BB(1,(#V1(#Q(&&(1YU#
$4688+*-61E!3/!.%T->!(+-!2E-+20+-!+*!@'88+-!3+!(4k_DD!W(+/2!.%126'G-8+!+1!(%!_E-6-1%*B+!
-/6B63%62+!7/46(-!8'*12%6+*1#>!(%!.(/6+!./6-!(+!N2'63!)(%B6%(!3+!(4@60+2!:"l:;!-%*-!0U1+8+*1-!
%..2'.26E->!(%!N%G)/+!3+-!@'88+-!+1!3/!8%1E26+(>!(+-!('*)/+/2-!3+-!365E2+*1+-!(6)*+-!(')6-G7/+->!%0%6+*1!-1'..E!(%!3T*%867/+!'5+*-60+!
3+!(%!V+@28%B@1!+1!(+-!%((+8%*3-!'*1!8U8+!3X!2+B/(+2!3+!.(/-!3+!;^^!A8!3/2%*1!(4@60+2!:"l:;<!!
!
Stalingrad
Paulus Tchouikov Joukov Stalingrad
D'/-i$6+/1+*%*1!g%--6(6!!
h2+)'26+0GB@!m%[1-+0!
Y62+/2!34E(61+!3+!(n%28E+!2'/)+>!
3/!"^!*'0+8C2+!%/!"o!3EB+8C2+!
"9:;>!6(!%C%p1!;;I!'ZB6+2-!+1!
-'(3%1-!%((+8%*3->!.%286!
(+-7/+(-!""!G2+/2-!3nE(61+-<!!
_'R%!L@%*6*%!+*!"9::!%0+B!
/*!8'R6*iq%)%*1!!"^^!
06B1'62+-!
Stalingrad Opération Bagration
]B,6"-*0#^6"0%&#\#!(#B'35(#/(#Z*%H*+#
$+!?+--+(!W(+!B@%/32'*#! Y+*1%G0+!3+!.+2BE+!3/!
S%2EB@%(!0'*!S%*-1+6*!
$4'.E2%G'*!k2%*/-!(%*BE+!(+!"9!*'0+8C2+!"9:;!%!.'/2!'CF+BGN!/*!3'/C(+!+*B+2B(+8+*1!*'23!+1!
-/3!+1!-4%M%7/+!3%*-!/*+!.2+86P2+!.@%-+!%/\!%28E+-!2'/8%6*+!+1!61%(6+**+!7/6!r%*B!)%23+*1!(%!
OP8+!=28E+!3+!&%/(/-<!L+((+-iB6>!8%()2E!/*+!B'/21+!8%6-!B'/2%)+/-+!2E-6-1%*B+!>!BP3+*1!3+0%*1!(+!
c2'/(+%/!B'8.2+--+/2!d!2/--+!B'*-12/61!.%2!h/+'2)/6!stk?tg!!W9^^!B@%2->!"`!I^^!.6PB+-!
34%2G((+26+>!.(/-!3+!"!^^^!%06'*-!+1!"!^^^!^^^!34@'88+-#<!S%()2E!3+!*'8C2+/-+-!%(+21+->!H61(+2!
*4%!F%8%6-!B2/!7/+!(4k_DD!%0%61!+*B'2+!(+-!8'T+*-!34/*+!1+((+!'.E2%G'*<!f*!`!F'/2-!(%!.6*B+!
-'06EG7/+!-+!2+N+28+!]!?%(%1B@!-/2!;O^!^^^!@'88+-!W3'*1!9I^^!2'/8%6*-#!":^!C(6*3E-!+1!";^^!
B%*'*-<!
a/2%*1!(%!"P2+!-+8%6*+!3+!3EB+8C2+>!(+-!-'06EG7/+-!8/(G.(6P2+*1!(+-!%M%7/+-!.'/2!+--%T+2!3+!
36-('7/+2!(+!-T-1P8+!3EN+*-6N!3+!(%!OP8+!%28E+<!L+((+iB6!.+2361!%/!B'/2-!3+!B+-!B'8C%1-!(%!8'6GE!
3+-!":^!B@%2-!7/6!(/6!2+-1%61<!a+!.(/-!(+!2%061%6((+8+*1!3+!!(4%28E+!3+!&%/(/-!%2260%61!%0+B!3+!.(/-!
+*!.(/-!3+!36ZB/(1E-!!+1!-+-!/*61E-!C(6*3E+-!E1%6+*1!('/23+8+*1!@%*36B%.E+-!.%2!(%!.E*/26+!3+!
B%2C/2%*1<!$+!O!3EB+8C2+!/*+!/*61E!.'21E+>!3/1!%M%7/+2!]!.6+3!B%2!+((+!*4%0%61!.(/-!34+--+*B+!
.'/2!-+-!0E@6B/(+-!-+86iB@+*6((E-<!$+-!!2%G'*-!%(68+*1%62+-!E1%6+*1!%/--6!3+!.(/-!+*!.(/-!2E3/61+-!
8%6-!(+-!'ZB6+2-!*%R6-!%Z28%6+*1!7/4/*!B*0A#",6'(0!%((%61!C6+*1b1!.+28+M2+!/*!2%061%6((+8+*1!
*'28%(!+1!7/4/*+!<*6;(#'4B*6A"0A(#;*0/%'A(#B"6#1(#4"6,;F"1#+*0#G"0&A('0#"11"'A#+(0'6#/%#&%/#
*%(&A#B*%6#6*4B6(#1E(0;(6;1(4(0A##3+-!/*61E-!+*N+28E+-!3%*-!(+!VQ(&&(1YU#$+!.'*1!%E26+*!+-1!/*!
3E-%-12+!+1!1'/1!8%*7/+!]!(%!V+@28%B@1!0U1+8+*1->!8/*6G'*->!B%2C/2%*1>!2%G'*->!8E36B%8+*1-!!!!
f1!8U8+!B@+0%/\<!_0#(`(A#B*%6#,+'A(6#/(#/(+*'6#(0+*L(6#/%#<*%66"5(#1E,A"A#4">*6#"11(4"0/#"#*6/*00,#1(#6(;%1#/(&#N7T#TTT#;F(+"%S#.%'#&(6+"'(0A#"%#
&('0#/(#1"#:34(#"64,(#?#6"+'A"'11(6#1(&#%0'A,&#,1*'50,(&#(A#?#4"0a%+6(6#1(&#56*&&(&#B'3;(&#/E"6-11(6'(U##
$4'.E2%G'*!c!1+8.U1+!34@60+2!d!(%*BE+!(+!";!3EB+8C2+!"9:;!.%2!(+!8%2EB@%(!S%*-1+6*!+-1!B'*12E+!.%2!(4'.E2%G'*!D%1/2*+!(%*BE+!(+!"O!3EB+8C2+!-/2!-'*!
r%*B!)%/B@+<!S%*-1+6*!*+!.+*-+!%('2-!7/4]!-%/0+2!-+-!.2'.2+-!12'/.+-!%J*!34E061+2!/*!3E-%-12+!+*B'2+!.(/-!)2%*3<!
H61(+2!+*F'6*1!&%/(/-!3+!1+*62!(+!.(/-!('*)1+8.-!.'--6C(+!!.'/2!J\+2!(+-!N'2B+-!2/--+-!%J*!3+!3'**+2!(+!1+8.-!!%/\!%/12+-!N'2B+-!%((+8%*3+-!3+!-+!2+.(6+2!
3%*-!3+!C'**+-!B'*36G'*-<!!
&'/2!.'/--+2!&%/(/-!]!2+N/-+2!1'/1+!B%.61/(%G'*>!H61(+2!(/6!%BB'23+!8U8+!(+!Cu1'*!3+!8%2EB@%(<!S%6-!(+-!2+-1+-!3+!(%!OP8+!%28E+!7/6!*+!-'*1!.(/-!7/+!3+-!
12'/.+-!+*!@%6(('*-!B'88+*B+*1!3+!(+/2!.2'.2+!6*6G%G0+!]!-+!2+*32+!%/\!-'06EG7/+-<!
$+!`"!F%*06+2!!&%/(/-!+1!-'*!E1%1!8%F'2!-+!2+*3+*1<!!$+-!)E*E2%/\!2/--+-!7/6!*4+*!B2'6+*1!(+/2-!T+/\!3+8%*3+*1!]!&%/(/-!-+-!.%.6+2-!3463+*G1E-!.'/2!-+!
B'*0%6*B2+!7/+!B4+-1!C6+*!(+!B@+N!3+!(%!OP8+!%28E+!7/46(-!'*1!+*!N%B+!34+/\<!
!(#+';A*'6(#/(#)A"1'056"/#&(6"#4LAF'D,(#B"6#1"#B6*B"5"0/(#6%&&(#(A#"%6"#%0#,0*64(#6(A(0-&&(4(0A##"%A"0A#;F(K#1(&#b11',&#*;;'/(0A"%S#.%(#/"0&#1(&#
<*6;(&#/(#1EbS(U#!E*B,6"-*0#M"56"-*0#B(%A#4"'0A(0"0A#&(#/,+(1*BB(6#"+(;#%0!4*6"1#A63&#,1(+,#/(&#&*1/"A&I#/%#B(%B1(#6%&&(I#/(#1E'0/%&A6'(#6%&&(I##
>%&.%E?#1"#+';A*'6(#D0"1(>!8U8+!-6!(%!V+@28%B@1!G+*32%!+*B'2+!;O!('*)-!8'6-!!N%B+!]!(4=28E+!_'/)+!
f((+!-+!12%3/62%!.%2!(%!M"A"'11(#/(#Q*%6&H#W(%!.(/-!)2%*3+!C%1%6((+!3+!L@%2-!3+!(n@6-1'62+#<!$%!V+@28%B@1!B'*B+*12+!9^^!^^^!@'88+->!;!o^^!
B@%2->!"^!^^^!B%*'*-!+1!;!^^^!%06'*-!L'88%*3E-!.%2!0'*!?(/)+>!S%*-1+6*!+1!S'3+(<!$nk*6'*!D'06EG7/+!'..'-+!:!9^^!B@%2-!">9!86((6'*!
3n@'88+->!"9!^^^!B%*'*-!+1!;!o^^!%06'*-!B'88%*3E-!.%2!s'/A'0>!_'A'--'0A6!+1!g%('/G*+<!!
c(#B1%&I#1(&#&(6+';(&#/(#6(0&('50(4(0A&#&*+',-.%(&#.%'#*0A#%0#"5(0A#?##M1(A;F1(L#8"6H##d4";F'0(#_0'54"e#"0-;'B(0A#A*%A(&#1(&#
"@".%(&#"11(4"0/(&<!L+((+-iB6!-'*1!3EJ*6G0+8+*1!C26-E+-!%/!8'6-!3n%'X1!"9:`!+*!%T%*1!-/C6!3nE*'28+-!.+21+-!+*!8%1E26+(!+1!+*!
@'88+-<!&%286!(+-!/*61E-!N'21+8+*1!v-%6)*E+-v!6(!T!%!(%!3606-6'*!DD!va%-!_+6B@v!7/+!(n'*!2+12'/0+2%!%0+B!3+!12P-!F+/*+-!2+B2/+-!]!
t2%3'/2!-/2!h(%*+<!!
$%!Wehrmacht!%!.+23/!3%*-!(%!C%1%6((+!3+!?'/2-A!/*!3+86i86((6'*!3n@'88+-!1/E-!'/!C(+--E-!W(nArmée+rouge>!C+%/B'/.!.(/-#<!f((+!%!
-/21'/1!.+23/!(+!G+2-!3+!-+-!C(6*3E-!+1!(%6--E!.%--+2!(%!3+2*6P2+!B@%*B+!3n%22U1+2!(+!«"rouleau-compresseur"»#&*+',-.%(<!
=.2P-!B+1!EB@+B>!(+-!%28E+-!%((+8%*3+-!*+!B+--+2'*1!3+!2+B/(+2!K<F/-7/n]!Q+2(6*<!!
=.2P-!(%!2+336G'*!]!D1%(6*)2%3!3/!8%2EB@%(!0'*!&=k$kD!B'88%*3%*1!(%!OP8+!%28E+!(+!`"!F%*06+2!"9:`>!H61(+2!
1+*1+!/*+!3+2*6P2+!'5+*-60+!B'*12+!(n=28E+!_'/)+!W*B,6"-*0#fC'A"/(11(f#1(#N9#"+6'1#Ng7O#<!!
$+-!%((+8%*3-!*n'*1!.(/-!7/+!"o^!^^^!@'88+-!+1!;^^!C(6*3E-!]!'..'-+2<!S%()2E!/*!2E-+%/!12P-!3+*-+!3+!(6)*+-!3+!N'2GJB%G'*>!(%!
V+@28%B@1!*+!.+/1!7/+!C%M2+!+*!2+12%61+<!Q6+*!7/+!36ZB6(+!(%!.2')2+--6'*!3+!(n=28E+!_'/)+!+-1!6*+\'2%C(+<!L+!7/6!-n%..+((+!8%6*1+*%*1!
f1"#56"0/(#5%(66(#B"A6'*-.%(f#.2+*3!/*!1'/2!*'/0+%/<!!hb64,(#$*%5(#<6"BB(#&*%/"'0#"+(;#%0(#B%'&&"0;(#.%'#&A%B,D(#A*%&#1(&#;"4B&U#
i%(11(#6,&(6+(#'0,B%'&"=1(#/hF*44(&!%.2P-!(+-!B'X1+/\!%52'*1+8+*1-!3+!S'-B'/!'/!3+!D1%(6*)2%3!w!L+M+!'5+*-60+!3+!(nE1E!"9::!+-1!(%!
.(/-!)2%*3+!C%1%6((+!3+!(%!;P8+!)/+22+!8'*36%(+<!D/2!/*!N2'*1!3+!"^^^!A6('8P12+-!3+!(%2)+>!1(&#6%&&(&#"+"0;(0A#/(#:TT#H'1*43A6(&#(0#
/(%S#4*'&#/,A6%'&"0A#O#"64,(&#"11(4"0/(&<!$%!V+@28%B@1!2+r/+!0+2-!(%!&2/--+!'26+*1%(+!+*!(%6--%*1!;^^!^^^!8'21-!+1!;^^!^^^!
.26-'**6+2-!3'*1!(%!8'6GE!0%!3EJ(+2!3%*-!S'-B'/!;o!s/6((+1!"9::<!!
=/!8'6-!3+!F/6*!"9::!(%!D1%0A%!W(nE1%1i8%F'2!-'06EG7/+#!3EB63+!3n%M%7/+2!(%!x6*(%*3+!7/6!-n+-1!%((6E+!%0+B!(n=((+8%)*+!*%R6+!%.2P-!
(n%286-GB+!3+!F/6*!"9:^<!=.2P-!3+!2/3+-!B'8C%1-!(%!x6*(%*3+!-6)*+!/*!%286-GB+!(+!"9!-+.1+8C2+!"9::!+1!%63+!(+-!-'06EG7/+-!]!B'8C%M2+!
(+-!12'/.+-!%((+8%*3+-!+*B'2+!.2E-+*1+-!-/2!(+!1+2261'62+<!!
y/+!B+!-'61!%/!*'23!0+2-!(+-!.%T-!Q%(1+->!'/!%/!B+*12+!+*!Q6E('2/--6+!+1!+*!&'(')*+!'/!+*B'2+!%/!-/3!+*!_'/8%*6+>!H'*)26+>!Q/()%26+!'/!
z'/)'-(%06+!(+!3E-%-12+!%((+8%*3!+-1!1'1%(<!!
]`(0&'+(#/(#1h"00,(#Ng77U!(n=28E+!2'/)+!3E12/61!(+!h2'/.+!3n%28E+-!L+*12+!%((+8%*3>!B+(/6i(]!8U8+!7/6!-nE1%61!%..2'B@E!]!`^!A8!3+!
S'-B'/!3+/\!%*-!+1!3+86!%/.%2%0%*1<!=0+B!;{!3606-6'*-!3E12/61+->!(+!_+6B@!+*B%6--+!-%!.62+!3EN%61+>!7/6!+-1!%/--6!(%!.(/-!('/23+!3+!1'/1+!
(n@6-1'62+!86(61%62+!%((+8%*3+<!$+!.(%*!3+!(n'.E2%G'*!Q%)2%G'*!+-1!36%C'(67/+8+*1!@%C6(+!+1!2+BP(+!C6+*!3+-!-/2.26-+->!-12%1E)67/+-!+1!
1%BG7/+-<!$+-!B'*-E7/+*B+-!.'(6G7/+-!3+!(n'.E2%G'*!'*1!E1E!)6)%*1+-7/+-<!$n%M+*1%1!B'*12+!H61(+2!+1!(n6*-/22+BG'*!3+!g%2-'06+!(/6!-'*1!
362+B1+8+*1!(6E-<!M"56"-*0#(A#]+(61*6/#&*0A#,A6*'A(4(0A#1',(&#(A#1h%0(#(&A#1"#;*0/'-*0#/%#&%;;3&#/(#1h"%A6(#4"'&#1(%6#;*0;*4'A"0;(#
1"0;(#1(#B6(4'(6#+6"'#;*4="A#/(#1"#J%(66(#<6*'/(U#!
=.2P-!(+-!3EN%61+-!%((+8%*3+-!3+!D1%(6*)2%3!+1!3+!?'/2-A!WNE026+2!+1!%026(!"9:`#!(%!-61/%G'*!3+06+*1!C+%/B'/.!.(/-!
N%0'2%C(+!.'/2!(n%28E+!-'06EG7/+<!!
1 / 19 100%
La catégorie de ce document est-elle correcte?
Merci pour votre participation!

Faire une suggestion

Avez-vous trouvé des erreurs dans linterface ou les textes ? Ou savez-vous comment améliorer linterface utilisateur de StudyLib ? Nhésitez pas à envoyer vos suggestions. Cest très important pour nous !