Cours.méthode tomatis

!
Le!rôle!de!l’oreille!dans!les!mécanismes!d’apprentissage!des!langues!!
D’après!les!travaux!de!recherches!de!Monsieur!Alfred!TOMATIS!
!
!"#$#%&'()&'(*% +",(*% -.#*(*% /'% $"'.*% 01'+(% $"+23.(+$(% .3*(.43(% /'5% 2".6/,('.*% 0(% )/+7'(*8%
".7/+#*3(% (+% 94.#)% :;;<% =% >"+7)/4#))(%-/.% )(%?"))@7(% A'."-3(+% 0(% B($C+")"7#(D% E#(+%
&'13)"#7+3(*%0/+*%)(%,(6-*8%$(*%.32)(5#"+*%.(*,(+,%01/$,'/)#,3D%
!
La!relation!boucheBoreille!!%
>1".7/+(%4"$/)%C'6/#+%36(,%0(*%7(.F(*%0(%*"+*%=% 0(*%2.3&'(+$(*%-(.$(-,#F)(*% -/.%)1".(#))(G% #)%
*1/7#,%F#(+%01'+(%.()/,#"+D%H.%)/%$/-/$#,3%0(%.3$(-,#"+%0(*%*"+*%01'+%#+0#4#0'%=%)1/',.(%-('%4/.#(.%
0/+*%)(*%7/66(*%3)(43(*%"'%F/**(*D%I+(%/+($0",(D%I+%$C/+,('.%-."2(**#"++()%*(%6#,%=%$C/+,(.%
2/'5D%I+%/'0#"7./66(%.343)/%'+(%)37@.(%$/.(+$(%/'0#,#4(%0(%)1/.,#*,(%0/+*%)/%-(.$(-,#"+%01'+(%
+",(%3)(43(D% >1/--.(+,#**/7(% 01'+(% )/+7'(%.(&'#@.(% 0"+$% '+(% F"++(% &'/)#,3% 0(% .3$(-,#"+8%
4/.#/F)(8%*()"+%)1#+0#4#0'%(,%)/%+/,'.(%0(%)/%)/+7'(%J3,./+7@.(%K%/--.#*(D%
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Je!parle!comme!j’entends%
9%-/.,#.%0(%$(%-.#+$#-(8%#)%(*,%(**(+,#()%0(%F#(+%(+,(+0.(D%?()/%-/./#,%+/,'.()8%".8%)(*%0#*-"*#,#"+*%
/'0#,#4(% 0(% $C/$'+% 0(*% /--.(+/+,*%(*,% 4/.#/F)(% /4"+*% +"'*% 03L=% 0#,D% M"'.% '+(%2/4".#*(.% '+(%
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#03/)(%0/+*% '+% $"6-".,(6(+,% 4")"+,/#.(% % (,% *"',(+'D% N)% 2/'0./%$C/**(.% ,"',(%,(+0/+$(% =% )/%
-/**#4#,3% (,% .(7/.0(.% /$,#4(6(+,% )1"./,('.% (,% +"+% -/*% *(')(6(+,% )(% 4"#.% *#6-)(6(+,D% I+(%
$(+,./,#"+% -.")"+73(% 0(%)1/--.(+/+,% (*,% 3-'#*/+,(D%I+% (5(.$#$(% 013$"',(%+(% 0(4./#,% L/6/#*%
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)37@.(6(+,%".#(+,3(%4(.*%)/%*"'.$(%0(*%-/.")(*D%>1/6F#/+$(%.37+/+,%0/+*%01'+%$"'.*%0(%)/+7'(%
0"#,%*(% -.R,(.% =% )/% $"+$(+,./,#"+D% A+,(+0.(%0(*%*"+*%(*,%/22/#.(%01/,,(+,#"+%(,%0(%$"+2#/+$(% (+%
*"#D%
!
>(%2".6/,('.%*(%,#(+0./%0(%-.323.(+$(%0(F"',8%-"'.%'+(%-)(#+(%(,%(22#$/$(%36#**#"+%0(%)/%-/.")(D%
>(*% /--.(+/+,*% *1(22".$(."+,% 01/7#.% *'.% )/% 6'*$')/,'.(% 0(% )1".(#))(% #+,(.+(% &'#% 4/.#(%
+/,'.())(6(+,%(+%2"+$,#"+%0(%)/%%-"*,'.(%01/'0#,#"+%/0"-,3(D%>13$"',(%*1".7/+#*(%/4($%)(%L('%0(*%
".(#))(*%(+%34#,/+,%)13$"',(%*3)($,#4(%(,%)/%0#*,./$,#"+D%
!
Toutes!les!langues!n’ont!pas!les!mêmes!fréquences!
>(*%-)/7(*%2.3&'(+,#())(*%4/.#(+,%*()"+%$C/&'(%)/+7'(%3,./+7@.(%(,%.37#"+/)(%(,%*"+,%2".$36(+,%
0#223.(+,(*%0(%$())(*%0(%+"*%)/+7'(*%6/,(.+())(*D%>=%.3*#0(%)1(22".,%=%*(%$/)(.%*'.%$(*%2.3&'(+$(*D%
S/#*%$(.,/#+(*%01(+,.(%())(*%+(%*(%*'-(.-"*(+,%,"',(*%/'5%+T,.(*D%
!
La!gerbe!harmonique.!La!bande!passante.!
?(%*"+,%)(*%+#4(/'5%0(%2.3&'(+$(*%/#7'*U7./4(*%0(*%-C"+@6(*%0(%)/%)/+7'(%&'#%-('4(+,%-"*(.%
-."F)@6(D%M/**3%'+%$(.,/#+%V7(%#)%(*,%#6-"**#F)(%01/$$30(.%=%$(.,/#+*%+#4(/'5%0(%2.3&'(+$(D%
%
>1/+7)/#*%',#)#*(%)(*%/#7'*8%)(*%)/F#/)(*8%)(*%*#22)/+,(*%(,$DD%>1(*-/7+")%',#)#*(%)(*%7./4(*%W%)(*%28%F8%4%
-('4(+,%0#*-/./#,.(D%>(*%)/+7'(*%*)/4(*%$"'4.(+,%-./,#&'(6(+,%,"',(*%)(*%2.3&'(+$(*%(,%"22.(+,%

0(% $(% 2/#,% ,"',(*% )(*% 2/$#)#,3*% =% $(*%)"$',('.*% 01/--.(+0.(% '+% 6/5#6'6% 0(% )/+7'(*D% >1/+7)/#*%
/63.#$/#+% *(% -.R,(% 6#('5% /'5% ".(#))(*% 2./+X/#*(*% -)',T,% &'(% J%)1/+7)/#*% 01H52".0%KD%A+2#+% )(*%
0#223.(+,*% +#4(/'5% 0(% 2.3&'(+$(*% 01'+(% )/+7'(% =% )1/',.(% 4/.#(% *()"+% )(*% $"+0#,#"+*%
/,6"*-C3.#&'(*8%0#223.(+,(*%01'+%-/Q*%=%)1/',.(D%
%
Apprendre!une!lange!c’est!!avant!tout!apprendre!à!parler!
?()/% $"+*#*,(% =% )/% 6#*(% (+% -)/$(% 01'+% $#.$'#,% /'0#"U4"$/)%*'.% )(% -.#+$#-(%W% J%Y(% -/.)(% $"66(%
L1(+,(+0*D%K%N)%2/',%/)#7+(.%)(*%+#4(/'5%0(%$"6-.3C(+*#"+%(,%0(%.(-."0'$,#"+8%/$&'3.#.%)(%.32)(5(%
0(%)1/--.(+,#**/7(%-/.%'+(%6#*(%(+%.()/,#"+%,.@*%*(..3(%0(%)1".(#))(%(,%0(%)/%4"#5D%N)%(*,%#6-".,/+,%
&'(%)(%2".6/,('.%*"#,%0(%)/+7'(%6/,(.+())(%0/+*%*"+%(+*(#7+(6(+,D%I+%$"'.*%0(%)/+7'(%.(*,(./%
,"'L"'.*% ,C3".#&'(8% 6R6(% *#% )/% -)/$(% 0(*% ,./4/'5% "./'5% Q% (*,% 73+3.('*(D% ?(*% ,(6-*% 0(%$"'.*%
0(4."+,%R,.(%/0"**3(*%=%'+(%#66(.*#"+%2.3&'(+,(8%*#%-"**#F)(8%0(%)1/--.(+/+,%0/+*%)(%6#)#('%0(%
)/% )/+7'(% (+% $"'.*% 01/--.(+,#**/7(D% >1#03(% &'1'+(% )/+7'(% -(',UR,.(% /$&'#*(% &'(% -/.% )(*% *(')*%
$"'.*%(*,%'+(%',"-#(D%%
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Nous!avons!l’oreille!de!notre!langue!maternelle.!
>(*%4./#*%F#)#+7'(*% 0(% )/+7'(*% 6/,(.+())(% (,% -/,(.+())(8% "'% 0(% +/#**/+$(8% $/-,(+,% )(*% 0('5%
2.3&'(+$(*%0(%$C/$'+(%0(*%)/+7'(*%2/6#)#/)(*D%A))(%3)/.7#,%/#+*#%)/%$/-/$#,3%0(%*/#*#.%)(*%*"+*D%?(*%
F#)#+7'(*%-"**@0(+,%0"+$% 0('5% F"'$)(*% /'0#"U4"$/)(*8%$1(*,% =% 0#.(% 0('5% $"0#2#$/,#"+*%
)#+7'#*,#&'(*%0#223.(+,(*D%
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I+%(+2/+,8%-)/$3%0/+*%'+(%6#)#('%6'),#%%)/+7'(*%-(',%2".,%F#(+%/--.(+0.(%L'*&'Z=%*#5%)/+7'(*%0(%
2."+,% 0@*% */%+/#**/+$(8% */+*% $"+2'*#"+% -"**#F)(% (,% $/-,(.% /#+*#% ,"',(*% )(*% 2.3&'(+$(*8% =%
$"+0#,#"+*% &'(% $C/$'+% 0(*%)"$',('.*% "'% $C/$'+% 0(*%-/.(+,*% *1(5-.#6(% /4($% $(,% (+2/+,%
.37')#@.(6(+,%0/+*% */% )/+7'(% 6/,(.+())(D% N)*% 4(#))(."+,%#6-3./,#4(6(+,% =% +(% L/6/#*% 63)/+7(.%
)(*% )/+7/7(*%/'% .#*&'(%0(% 0Q*)(5#(% -"'.% )1(+2/+,D% 9'% 0()=% 0(% )1V7(% 0(% *#5% /+*8% )1".(#))(% 4#(#))#,%
./-#0(6(+,D%
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Le!fonctionnement!de!l’oreille.!
>(*%,."#*% 2"+$,#"+*%% 0(% )1".(#))(W% )13&'#)#F.(8% )13$"',(% (,!)(% $".,(58% $1(*,% =% 0#.(% )/% $"+*$#(+$(% 0(%
4(#))(D%%>134(#)%%$".,#$/)%$1(*,%)1/$$."#**(6(+,%0(%)/%4#7#)/+$(D%?1(*,%)(%-."$(**'*%0(%)/%636"#.(%0(%
2#5/,#"+D%M)'*%+"'*%*"66(*%4#7#)/+,*%-)'*%+"'*%/'."+*%0(%2/$#)#,3%=%.(,(+#.D%
%
?1(*,%/'%$"'.*%0(%)1(+2/+$(%&'(%*(%2".6(%)1".(#))(%#+,(.+(D%>1".(#))(%/+/)Q*(%)(*%*"+*D%>1(+2/+,%*(%
$/)(%(+*'#,(%*'.%$(*%2.3&'(+$(*%-"'.%(+,(+0.(8%$"6-.(+0.(D%>1".(#))(%(*,%/#+*#%2".63%=%[%/+*%(,%
+134")'(% -)'*% /'% 0(% )=% 0(% )1V7(% 0(%\P% /+*D% 9--.(+0.(% 0(*% )/+7'(*% 3,./+7@.(*% =% $(,% V7(% (*,%
*"'6#*(%=%)/% $"+0#,#"+8%F#(+%(+,(+0'8% &'(%)(*%(+*(#7+/+,*%*"#(+,%0(% )/+7'(*%6/,(.+())(*% 0/+*%
)('.%(+*(#7+(6(+,D%>(%$C/+,%(,%)/%6'*#&'(%4"+,%-/#.%/4($%)1/--.(+,#**/7(%0(%)/%)/+7'(D%M.(+"+*%
$"+*$#(+$(% 0(*% 632/#,*% 0(*% *"+*% 0(*% 0#223.(+,*% 630#/*% =% +",.(% -".,3(% &'#% $"+*,#,'(+,% '+%
43.#,/F)(%0/+7(.%-"'.%)1/4(+#.%0(*%L('+(*%".(#))(*D%>(*%+"'4())(*%,($C+")"7#(*%/0"-,3(*%-/.%)(*%
/--/.(#)*%0(%*,"$]/7(%0(%6'*#&'(%(,%3$./*(+,%)(*%7(.F(*%C/.6"+#&'(*%(,%032".6(+,%=%L/6/#*%)(*%
$/-/$#,3*%0(%.3$(-,#"+%(,%0"+$%0136#**#"+%0(*%*"+*%(,%0(*%-/.")(*%0(*%+"'4())(*%73+3./,#"+*D%
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Nous!avons!l’oreille!de!notre!langue!
^"'*%.(-."0'#*"+*%&'(%$(%&'(%)1".(#))(%(*,%$/-/F)(%01/+/)Q*(.D%^"'*%$C/+,"+*%/4($%)(*%+",(*%&'(%
+"'*%$"++/#**"+*%(,%&'(%)1"+%/%(+,(+0'%(,%636".#*3D%N)%(*,%-"**#F)(%0(%6(+(.%0(*%$"..($,#"+*%0(%

)1/'0#,#"+%-/.%0(*%,./#,(6(+,*%-C"+")"7#&'(*D%>/%)"#%0(%.36/+(+$(%-(.6(,%0(%$"+*(.4(.%(,%0(%
2/#.(%-."7.(**(.%)(*%.3*'),/,*%"F,(+'*D%
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Apprendre!une!langue.!
>1/$&'#*#,#"+%01'+(%)/+7'(%+"'4())(%(*,%*"'6#*(%=%-)'*#('.*%$"+0#,#"+*%W%'+%-.#+$#-(%'+#&'(%0(%
.3$(-,#"+%/))#3%=%-)'*#('.*%-."$(**'*%6(+,/'5%0/+*%)(%$/0.(%01'+(%7./+0(%$"+$(+,./,#"+%/'0#"U
4"$/)(D%%
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I+%0(*%-."$(**'*%6(+,/)%.3*#0(%0/+*%)1/$&'#*#,#"+%+/,'.())(%0(%)/%*Q+,/5(%W%*,.'$,'.(%(,%/$$(+,%
,"+#&'(%0"+,% )(% +"Q/'% (*,% )(% 4(.F(% "'% )(% 7."'-(% 4(.F/)D% M)',T,% &'(% 01/--.(+0.(% '+(% )#*,(% 0(%
4"$/F')/#.(% -/.% $C_'.% #)% (*,% -.323./F)(% 0(% F#(+% $"++/#,.(% )(*% 4(.F(*% (**(+,#()*% (,% *(*%
-.3-"*#,#"+*D% >/% *Q+,/5(% +1(*,% -/*% 7./66/#.(8% $())(U$#%+1(*,% &'(%$"0#2#$/,#"+D% >/% *Q+,/5(% $1(*,%
-)/$(.% +/,'.())(6(+,% )(% 7."'-(% 4(.F/)% =% */% -)/$(% (,% 6/.&'(.% )1/$$(+,% 0(% 6",*% (,% )(*% /$$(+,*%
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)/%$'),'.(%-/.,#$')#@.(%01'+(%)/+7'(%(,%0(%)1#+,())#7(+$(D%
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