LES PROCÉDÉS EXPLICATIFS

LES$PROCÉDÉS$EXPLICATIFS$
!"#$%&%#'(
(
(
(
1. La$définition$
(
)#'(#"*$+&*'(',&-+.*(%/.*&#..#.*(0#'(012&.&*&/.'(0#(3/*'(0&22&%&4#'5(
(
!6789:7(;(
)#'(<=/*/>$+<=&#'(0,(%#$-#+,(<$&'#'(+,(3&%$/'%/<#(3/.*$#.*(0#'('?.+<'#'@(%A#'*BCB0&$#(4+(
D/.#(0#(E/.%*&/.(#.*$#(0#,"(%#44,4#'(.#$-#,'#'(/,(.#,$/.#'5()/$'F,A,.#(%#44,4#(#'*(+%*&-1#@(
,.(&.24,"(.#$-#,"(G(<=1./3H.#(0#(.+*,$#(I&/14#%*$&F,#(G(4&IH$#(,.(%/,$+.*(F,&('*&3,4#(4#'(
2&I$#'($1%#<*$&%#'(0A,.#(+,*$#(%#44,4#(F,&(*$+.'3#**$+(C('/.(*/,$(4A&.24,"(.#$-#,"(C(0A+,*$#'(
.#,$/.#'5(
(
!6789:7(J(
K$+*&F,#@(L$#.0+(M&4.#$(#,*(4A&01#(0A+<<4&F,#$(C(4+(313/&$#(,.(*#'*(,*&4&'1(</,$(4#(4+.>+>#@(
4#( *#'*( 93?0+4( N,.( I+$I&*,$&F,#( F,&( <#$3#*( 0A#.0/$3&$( <#.0+.*( F,#4F,#'( 3&.,*#'( ,.(
=13&'<=H$#(G(,.#(3/&*&1(G(%1$1I$+4(/,(4A+,*$#@(%#(F,&(<#$3#*(0#(01*#$3&.#$@(+-+.*(%#$*+&.#'(
%=&$,$>&#'@(4+(%/3<1*#.%#(0#(%=+F,#(=13&'<=H$#O5(
(
8#4H-#(4#'(%&.F(3/*'(012&.&'(0+.'(4#'(#"*$+&*'(#*(<$1%&'#(4#(3/?#.(,*&4&'1(<+$(4A+,*#,$(</,$((
&.*$/0,&$#(%=+F,#(012&.&*&/.5(
(
(
2. La$comparaison$
(
P%$&'(,.#(<=$+'#(</,$(3#**$#(#.(1-&0#.%#(,.#($#''#3I4+.%#(/,(,.#(0&221$#.%#(#.*$#(4#'(
1413#.*'(%&B0#''/,'5(
(
9O )#'(/$0&.+*#,$'(#*(4#'(Q*$#(=,3+&.'(
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR(
LO )#(S,1I#%(#*(4+(T$+.%#(
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR(
(
UO )#'(*#"*#'(.+$$+*&2'(#*(4#'(*#"*#'(#"<4&%+*&2'(
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR(
(
VO )+(*/,$(!&22#4(#*(4+(*/,$(0,(W*+0#(/4?3<&F,#(
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR(

3. L’exemple$
(
9''/%&#( %=+%,.#( 0#'( &01#'( >1.1$+4#'( ',&-+.*#'( C( 4A#"#3<4#( 0#( 4A#.%+0$1( F,&( </,$$+&*(
4A&44,'*$#$5(
(
9O )#'(/&'#+,"(*$+.'3#**#.*(0#(4A&.2/$3+*&/.(<+$(4#,$(%=+.*5(UA#'*(%#(%=+.*(F,&(4#,$(
<#$3#*('/,-#.*(0A+../.%#$(,.(0+.>#$5(
LO U#$*+&.'(/&'#+,"(&.0&F,#.*(4#'(4&3&*#'(0#(4#,$(*#$$&*/&$#(#.(%=+.*+.*5(
UO K/,$(%#$*+&.#'(#'<H%#'(0A/&'#+,"@(4+(<+$+0#(.,<*&+4#('A+%%/3<+>.#(0A,.(%=+.*(
#.*=/,'&+'*#5(
VO V#($+$#'(#'<H%#'(0A/&'#+,"(+$$&-#.*(C(01>,&'#$(4#,$(%=+.*5(
!O )#(%=+.*(0#'(/&'#+,"(+(&.'<&$1(0#(./3I$#,"(+$*&'*#'(#*(+,*#,$'5(
(
;5 U#'(/$.&*=/4/>,#'(+3+*#,$'(/.*(-,(,.#(I+.0#(0A1*/,$.#+,"('A#.-/4#$(#.(#.*#.0+.*(4#(%$&(0#(
4A,.(0#'(4#,$'5(
J5 UA#'*(4#(%+'(0,(<+/.@(F,&(%$&+&44#(</,$(+**&$#$(4+(2#3#44#5(:4(01<4/&#(1>+4#3#.*('#'(',<#$I#'(
<4,3#'5(
X5 K&#$$#(M/$#.%?(+('10,&*(I#+,%/,<(0#(4#%*#,$'(#*(0#(4#%*$&%#'(+-#%('/.(4&-$#(!Lumière!d’oiseaux5(
Y5 9&.'&@(4#(%/,%/,('&>.+4#('+(<$1'#.%#(#*($1+>&*(-&/4#33#.*('&(,.(&.*$,'(/'#('A+<<$/%=#$(0#('/.(
0/3+&.#5(
Z5 )#(3/F,#,$(</4?>4/**#@(<+$(#"#3<4#@(<#,*(&3&*#$(,.#(24,*#(0#(%/.%#$*(*/,*(+,''&(I&#.(F,#(4#(
3&+,4#3#.*(0A,.(%=+*5(
(
4. L’illustration$par$un$schéma$ou$un$dessin$
(
[I'#$-#(4#('%=13+(',&-+.*(\(
(
(
A) Donne un titre à ce schéma en utilisant un groupe nominal (phrase non verbale)
B) Formule une question de type POURQUOI? Ou COMMENT SE FAIT-IL QUE…? à laquelle tu pourrais
répondre à l’aide du schema pour render tes explications plus claires et plus faciles à comprendre.