!
!
"#$%&'(!%()*+,(!-!!"#"$%&'$&'(")*%+,-+'&.'/%,%-+!
! .!
!
'0"1,2#&',&)/%3&'!"),'4567'
!
8"'9"#"$%&'$&'(")*%+,-+'&.'#"'/%,%-+''''':+;#%,<'").%3#&'=&#->'
!
Par$la$Docteure$Diane$G.$Bergeron,$optométriste$
paru$sur$le$site$de$l’association$des$optométristes$du$Québec$
!
/*(,!'(!*+(+''+%%(0(12!3(!'#!$4$&'#2+415!3(!$'&%!(1!$'&%!3(!$#2+(12%!6&+!14&%!,41%&'2(12!%4&77)(12!3(!
$'&%+(&)%!$)48'90(%!3(!%#12:5!3412!&1!841!1408)(!%412!3(!2;$(!3:<:1:)#2+7=!"()2#+1(%!!$#2>4'4<+(%!
1?#77(,2(12!6&(!'(!%;%290(!*+%&('5!,400(!'#!3:<:1:)(%,(1,(!0#,&'#+)(5!#'4)%!6&(!!3?#&2)(%!$(&*(12!
24&,>()!'?(1%(08'(!3(%!%;%290(%=!
!
@#)0+!,(%!0#'#3+(%!6&(!14&%!)(1,412)41%!3(!$'&%!(1!$'&%!%4&*(125!+'!;!#!'#!0#'#3+(!3(!@#)A+1%41!6&+!
$(&2! #77(,2()! '?B+'! (2! '#! *+%+41=! "(22(! $#2>4'4<+(! ,>)41+6&(! (2! 3:<:1:)#2+*(! #77(,2(! '(! %;%290(!
1()*(&C! ,(12)#'! (2! $)4*46&(! 3(%! 2)4&8'(%! (%%(12+(''(0(12! 042(&)%! $#)! '(! 3:)9<'(0(12! 3(%!
1(&)41(%!34$#0+1()<:2+6&(%=!
!
D(%!,#&%(%!%412!0#'!,411&(%5!0#+%!41!$#)'(!3(!'#!0#'#3+(!6&#13!$'&%!3(%!3(&C!2+()%!3(%!1(&)41(%!!
3(!'#!%&8%2#1,(!14+)(!4&!3&!D4,&%!E+<()!%412!#22(+12%=!D#!0#'#3+(!,400(1,(!>#8+2&(''(0(12!(12)(!
'?F<(!3(!GH!(2!IH!#1%5!0#+%!$(&2!,400(1,()!8(#&,4&$!$'&%!J(&1(=!
!
D(%!%+<1(%!'(%!$'&%!,411&%!3(!'#!0#'#3+(!%412!'?>;$()241+(!0&%,&'#+)(!6&+!(12)#K1(!&1(!)+<+3+2:!3(%!
0&%,'(%5!'(!2)(08'(0(12!#&!)($4%5!$)+1,+$#'(0(12!3(%!(C2):0+2:%5!(2!'?#A+1:%+(!6&+!(%2!&1(!'(12(&)!!
3?+1+2+#2+41!4&!3?(C:,&2+41!3(%!04&*(0(12%=!
!
L#+%!4&2)(!,(%!%+<1(%5!$'&%+(&)%!$)48'90(%!4,&'#+)(%!4&!*+%&('%!%412!%4&%M3+#<14%2+6&:%!(2!0#'!4&!
$(&!2)#+2:%N!+'!$(&2!%?#<+)!3(!3+$'4$+(5!3(!,>#1<(0(12!3(!'#!*+%+41!3(%!,4&'(&)%5!3(!3+0+1&2+41!3(!'#!
%(1%+8+'+2:!#&C!,412)#%2(%5!3(!$)48'90(!3(!042+'+2:!4&!3(!%:,>()(%%(!4,&'#+)(=!
!
">(O! '(%! 3(&C! 2+()%! 3(%! $#2+(12%5! 41! )(0#)6&(! 3(%! #140#'+(%! 3(! ,'+<1(0(125! '#! 3+0+1&2+41! 3&!
):7'(C(!3(!,'+<1(0(12!,#&%#12!&1(!8#+%%(!3(!'#!):<&'#2+41!3&!7+'0!'#,);0#'=!D#!%(1%#2+41!3PB+'!%(,!
$(&2! #&%%+! Q2)(! ,#&%:(! $#)! &1(! 3:7+,+(1,(! 3(! '#! ,4&,>(! 0&6&(&%(5! &1(! %&)7#,(! '#,);0#'(! 3(!
0#&*#+%(!6&#'+2:!(12)#K1#12!&1!(08)4&+''(0(12!%4&*(12!*#)+#8'(!6&+!$(&2!,#&%()!3(%!3+77+,&'2:%!3(!
'(,2&)(=!
!
D#! 8':$>#)+2(! (%2! #&%%+! $):%(12(! ,>(O! &1! 841! 1408)(! 3(! $#2+(12%! #22(+12%! 3(! '#! 0#'#3+(! 3(!
@#)A+1%41N! &1(! 2(''(! +17'#00#2+41! 3(%! $#&$+9)(%! $)4*46&(! 3(! '#! 34&'(&)! (2! &1! '#)04+(0(12!
(C,(%%+7=! D#! $):%(1,(! 3(! %6&#0(%! (2! 3(! ,)4R2(%! (C$'+6&(! '#! %(1%#2+41! 3(! ,4)$%! :2)#1<()%=! "(!
$)48'90(! %(! ,412)S'(! 7#,+'(0(12! #*(,! &1(! 8411(! >;<+91(! 3(%! $#&$+9)(%! (2! '?&2+'+%#2+41! 3(!!
,40$)(%%(%!,>#&3(%!(2!3(!'&8)+7+#12%=!
!
T?#&2)(%!#77(,2+41%!$(&*(12!24&,>()!'(%!$#&$+9)(%5!,400(!'(!8':$>#)4%$#%0(!6&+!(%2!&1(!3;%241+(!
3&!0&%,'(!4)8+,&'#+)(!$)4*46&#12!&1(!,412)#,2+41!+1*4'412#+)(!(2!%4&*(12!34&'4&)(&%(!3&!0&%,'(=!
!
!
"#$%&'(!%()*+,(!-!!"#"$%&'$&'(")*%+,-+'&.'/%,%-+!
! U!
!
'0"1,2#&',&)/%3&'!"),'4567'
!
D(! 8':$>#)4%$#%0(! $(&2! Q2)(! 7#,+'(0(12! ,412)S':! $#)! 3(%! +1J(,2+41%! 3(! '#! 24C+1(! 842&'+6&(5! 0#+%!
,?(%2! &1! 2)#+2(0(12! V! ):$:2()! 24&%! '(%! W! 4&! X! 04+%N! %+! '?+1J(,2+41! 1?(%2! $#%! (77+,#,(5! (1! 3()1+()!
)(,4&)%!41!$(&2!,>+)&)<+,#'(0(12!(1'(*()!&1(!$#)2+(!3(!'?4)8+,&'#+)(!$4&)!%4&'#<()!'(%!%;0$2S0(%=!
!
"'+1+6&(0(125! 41! $(&2! #&%%+! 48%()*()! '?#$)#C+(! 3(! '?4&*()2&)(! 6&+! (%2! &1(! +1,#$#,+2:! 3&!0&%,'(!
:':*#2(&)! 3(! '#! $#&$+9)(5! %4+2! &1(! 3+77+,&'2:! 3?#04),()! 4&! 3(! ):#'+%()! '(! 04&*(0(12!
+13:$(13#00(12!3(%!#22(+12(%!042)+,(%!(2!%(1%+2+*(%=!Y4&2(%!'(%!#140#'+(%!3(%!$#&$+9)(%!$(&*(12!
,#&%()!3(! '?+))+2#2+41!(2!&1(! %(1%#2+41!3?B+'! %(,5!'?&2+'+%#2+41!+12(1%+*(!3(%!'&8)+7+#12%!4,&'#+)(%!(%2!
24&J4&)%!)(,400#13:(=!
!
@#)!%41! (77(2!%&)!
'P+11()*#2+41!
(2!'(%!
04&*(0(12%!
0&%,&'#+)(%5! '(!
@
#)
A+1
%41!$(&2!#&%%+! Q2)(!
(1!,#&%(!
3#1%!
$'&%+(&)
%
!
$)48'90(%!
3(!*+%+41!
8+14,&
'#+)(=!
D(%!
$)48'90(%!
3(!
,41
*
()
<(1,(!
$(&*(12! $)4*46&()!
&1(!
#%2>:14$+(5!
'#!
3+$'4$+(!
(2!
0Q0(!'?(08)
4&+''(
0(125!
,):#12!
&1(!
7#2+<&(!*+%&(''(!
+0$4)2#12(!(C$'+6&#12!
(12)(!
#&2)
(%!
'#!
3+77+,&'2:!
3(!
'(,2&)(=!
Z1!
2)
#+2(0(12!
4)2>4$2+6&(!
$(&2!#+3()!V!
#22:1&()!
'(%!
%;0$2S0(%!3&)#12!
'(%!
$)
(0+()
%!
%2#3(%!
3(!'#!
0#'#3+(!
4&!
(1,4)(! &1(!
,4))(,2+41! $)+%0#2+6&(!
$(&2!
<)
#13(
0(12!
#0:'+4)()!
,(!
$)
48'90(=!
!
D
?#0$'+2&3(
!
3?#,,40043#2+41!
$(&2!
:<#'(0(12!
Q2)(!
3+0+1&:(!(2!
#<<)#*()!
'(%!%+<1(%!
(2!
%;0$2S0(%!
3(!'#!
$)(%8;2+(5!
0#+%! V! ,#&%(!
3(%!
04&*(0(12%!+1,412)S':%!
(2!3(%!
$4
%+2+41%!
$#)74+%!*+,+(&%(%!3(!'#!2Q2(5!+'!7#&2! 7#+)(!
#22(12+41!
(1!
,4))+<(#12!'#!
*+%+41!3(!$)9%!
#*(,!
3(%!
'(12+''(%!
0
&'
2+74,#'(%=!
[4&*(125!&1(!'(12+''(!
%+0$'(!
*+%+41!
$()0(22)#!
&1!
#'+<1(0(12! $'&%!
7#,+'(!
3(%! ;(&C!%&)!'(%!
2F,>(%!
*+%&('
'(%!3(!$)9%=!D#!
'&1(22(!
3(!
'(,2&)(! (%2!
341,!
&1(!
4$2+41!
+12:)(%%#12(5!(2!
%+!
'?+1,4174)2! 8+14,&'#+)(!
(%2!
(1,4)
(!
2)4$!
>#13+,#$#125!
)+(1!
1?(0$Q,>(!
'?&2+'+%#2+41!
3?&1(!4,,'&%+41!
$4&)!
&1(!
'(,2&)(!$)4'41<:(!
$'&%!
#<):#
8'(=!
!
D(%!
,413+2+41%!3?:,'#+)#<(!
$(&*(12!
:<#'(0(12!(C#,()8()!
&1!
$)48'90(!
3(!
,4174)2!
*+%&('=!
Z1!841!
:,'#+)
#<(!
$()0(22)#! 3?#*4+)!
&1!
,412)#%2(!
4$2+
0&05!&1(!
8411(! $(),($2+41!3(%!
,4&'(&)
%
!(2!&1!
1+*(#&!
3(!
8)
+''#1,(!
,4174)2#8'(N!
'(%!,41%(+'%!3(!
8#%(!
3?>;<+91(!
*+%&(''(!412!!
+,+!
24&2(!'(&)!
+0$4)
2#1,(=
!
!
@4&)!,(%!
$#2+(12%!
#22(+12%! 3(!'#!
0
#'#
3+(!3(! @#)A+1%415!'#!
$()2(!
3(!
241&%!
(2!3(!
,412)S'(!
0&%,&'#+)(%!
$(&2!
)($):%(12()!
$'&%+(&)
%
!$(2+2%!3(&+'%!
V!
7#+)(! $#)!
)
#
$$4)
2
! V!
'(&)
%
!
#,2+*+2:%!
>#
8+2&(''(%=! \1!
4$2+0+%#12!
'(&)!
,417
4)
2!
*+%&('5! 14&%!
$4&*41%5!
(1!2#12!
6&?4$
240:2)+%2(%5!
$):%()*()!
6&('6&(%M&1(%!
3(!,(%!
#,2+*+2:%!
(2!
#0:'+4)()!'(&)!
6&#'+2:!
3(!*+(=!
[+!
'(%! 0#+1%!
2)
(08'(12!
2)4$! $4&)!2(1+)!'(!J4&)1#'5!41!$(&2!
'(!
'+)(! %&)!
'?:,)#1!3?4)3+1#2(&)!
6&+!'&+!
1(!
2)(08'(!
$#%5! 0#+%!$4&)!,(!7#+)(! +'!7#&2!6&(!'(!
$#2+(12!$4)2(!
'#!
0(+''(&)
(!
,4))(,2+41!
*+%&(''(!
$4%%+8'(!(2!,?(%2!
'V!
6&(!142)(!
+12()*(12+41!$)(13!24&2(!
%41!
+0$4)
2#1,(=!
!
1.
Biousse,
V.,
B.
C. Skibell,
R. L.
Watts, D. N. Loupe, C. Drews-Botsch, N. J.
Newman.
«
Ophthalmologic
features of
P
ar
kinson
s
disease
»,
Neur
ology
,
janvier
2004,
vol.
62,
no 2.
2. The
Wills
Eye
Manual
:
Office
and
emergency
room
diagnose
and
treatment
of Eye disease, 5e éd.,
J
.
P
.
Ehler
s
,
C.
P
.
Shah (dir.),
Philadelphie,
PA,
Lippincott,
2008.
!
!
"#$%&'(!%()*+,(!-!!"#"$%&'$&'(")*%+,-+'&.'/%,%-+!
! W!
!
'0"1,2#&',&)/%3&'!"),'4567'
!
3. Chartes,
L. «
Visual
complaints
seen with
neurodegenerative
diseases
/
Alzheimer diseease, Parkinson disease,
associate
with
eye
mo
v
ement
disor
der
s
»,
Ophthalmology
T
imes
,
août 2005.
!
!
!
[()*+,(!"4'&01-!?%,%-+'"+$'(")*%+,-+@,'A%,&",&!! .!
!
!
'B&)/%3&'0-#29+'!")3<'4567'
!
?%,%-+'"+$'(")*%+,-+@,'$%,&",&'
'
]174)0#2+41!%>((2!47!@#)A+1%41!/&%2)#'+#M!/$)+'!UHH^!
'
C$%-1".<%3' (")*%+,-+@,' $%,&",&!_@3`!+%!
#!
$)4<)(%%+*(!1(&)4'4<+,#'!,413+2+41!a>+,>!
+%!
,>#)#,2()+%(3!
8;!0424)! _04*(0(12`!
#13!
141M0424)!%;0$240%=!@3!)(%&'2%!7)40!
#!
)(3&,2+41!47! 34$#0+1(!+1! 2>(!
$#2>a#;%!
47!
2>(!8)#+1!#13!%&8%2#12+#!
1+<)#=!
!
@3! 34(%! 142! )(%&'2!+1! '4%%! 47!*+%+41! !
8&2!
*+%&#'!,>#1<(%! 0#;! 4,,&)! 3&(! 24!
(;(!
04*(0(12!!
+0$#+)0(12=!Y>(%(!
0#;!
8(,40(!04)(!48*+4&%!#%!2>(!
,413+2+41!$)4<)(%%(%=
!
b)#3;A+1(%+#! _%'4a1(%%! 47!
04*(0(12`!
,#&%(3!8;!@3!0#;!)(%&'2!+1!2>(!
74''4a+1<!
*+%&#'!
,>#1<(%-
!
!
c(3&,(3! (;(!8'+1A!)#2(!#13!3);!
(;(%
!
T4&8'(!
*+%+41
!
b'&))(3!
*+%+41
!
b'($>#)4%$#%0! _+1*4'&12#);! ,'4%&)(!
47!
2>(!
(;('+3%`
!
!
!
D&$23&$':E&' F#%+*' D".&'"+$'
A)E':E&,
!
!
b'+1A+1<!,'(#1%(%!2>(! (;(%! 8;!
)(04*+1<!
3&%2!#13!+0$&)+2+(%=! d>(1! 8'+1A! )#2(!
+%!
)(3&,(3!2>(%(!
+0$&)+2+(%!,#1!8&+'3!
&$=!
@(4$'(!a+2>!@#)A+1%41?%! _@d@`! a+''!
8'+1A!
'(%%!7)(6&(12';5! ,#&%+1<! +))+2#2(3!
#13!
3);!
(;(%=! e72(1! #! )(3&,(3! 8'+1A! )#2(! a+''!
'(#3!
24! (C,(%%+*(! a#2()+1<!47!2>(! (;(%!#%!
2>(!
2(#)%!#)(!142!3+%2)+8&2(3!8;!
8'+1A+1<=!
"41%,+4&%!#22(12+41!24!8'+1A+1<! a+''!
#%%+%2=!
/)2+7+,+#'!2(#)%! +1!
2>(!74)0! 47! (;(! 3)4$%!
,#1!
>('$! 3);! (;(%=! /*4+3+1<!
%04A;!
#204%$>()(%! +%!
+0$4)2#12=
!
!
!
A-2=#&'
?%,%-+
!
!
T4&8'(!*+%+41! +1!@3! 0#;! 8(!,#&%(3!
8;!
$)48'(0%! 04*+1<! 2>(!(;(%!4)!
2)#,A+1<=!
Y)#,A+1<! )(7()%! 24!
2>(!(;(!04*(0(12!
7)40!
%+3(!24!%+3(!_74)!(C#0$'(5!
)(#3+1<`=!
]0$#+)(3! ,44)3+1#2+41!#13!7#2+<&(!47!
2>(!
0&%,'(%! 2>#2! 04*(!2>(! (;(%! ,#1! )(%&'2!
+1!
141M#'+<10(12! 47!04*(0(12=! c(%2+1<!
2>(!
(;(%!
a>(1!2>+%!4,,&)%!%>4&'3!
$)4*+3(!)('+(7=!
!
F#2))&$'
?%,%-+
!
!
b'&))(3! *+%+41!+1!@3! ,#1!8(!,#&%(3!
8;!
3+77+,&'2;! +1! 04*+1<! 2>(! (;(%!8&2!+2! 0#;!
#'%4!
8(!#!%+3(!
(77(,2!47!@3!
0(3+,#2+41%=!
L43+7;+1<!)(#3+1<!<'#%%(%!0#;!
+0$)4*(!
8'&))(3!
*+%+41=
!
!
'
'
'
!
!
!
[()*+,(!"4'&01-!?%,%-+'"+$'(")*%+,-+@,'A%,&",&!! U!
!
!
'B&)/%3&'0-#29+'!")3<'4567'
!
F#&1<")-,1",9
!
!
b'($>#)4%$#%0!4,,&)%!>(1! 2>(!
0&%,'(!
2>#2!,'4%(%! 2>(!(;('+3!,412)#,2%! 4)!<4(%!
+124!
%$#%0=!! Y>+%!
0#;! )(%&'2! +1!
)($(#2(3!
2a+2,>+1<!47! 2>(! (;('+35!3+77+,&'2;!+1!
A(($+1<!
2>(! (;('+3!4$(1!#13!
%40(2+0(%!
,40$'(2(!
,'4%&)(!47!2>(!(;('+3!a>+,>!+12()7()(%!
a+2>!
*+%+41=!Y>(!'#22()!0#;!8(!>('$(3!
8;!
#1!
+1J(,2+41! 47! 842&'+1&0! 24C+1!+124! 2>(!
(;('+3=!
Y>+%! a+''! 1((3! 24! 8(! )($(#2(3!41!#!
1((3%!
8#%+%=
!
!
]0$#+)(3!('(,2)+,#'! %+<1#'%!#13! 7((38#,A!
+1!
2>(! 8)#+1!3&(! 24! @3! 0#;! )(%&'2! +1!
2>(!
74''4a+1<!
*+%&#'!
,>#1<(%-
!
!
!
"4'4&)!#13!,412)#%2! *+%+41!
,>#1<(%
!
@(),($2+41! 47!
04*(0(12
!
f+%&4M%$#2+#'!
4)+(12#2+41
!
]''&%+41%! _*+%&#'!0+%+12()$)(2#2+41%`!
#13!>#''&,+1#2+41%
!
!
!
0-#-2)'"+$'0-+.)",.' ?%,%-+'
0<"+;&,
!
!
@d@!0#;!7+13!+2!3+77+,&'2!24!
3+%,)+0+1#2(!
8(2a((1! %0#''!3+77()(1,(%!+1!,4'4&)=!
Y>+%!
$)48'(0! 0#;!
8(! a4)%(!74)!%>#3(%! 47!
8'&(!
4)!8'&(g<)((1=! "412)#%2! *+%&#'!,>#1<(%!
#)(!
#%%4,+#2(3! a+2>!
3+77+,&'2;!+1! '4a! '+<>2!
'(*('%=!
@d@!0#;!8(!&1#8'(!24!,'(#)';!%((!#!
'+<>2!
,4'4&)(3! 48J(,2!41!#!'+<>2!
8#,A<)4&13=
!
!
!
(&)3&1.%-+' -G'
!-/&9&+.
!
!
[40(! @d@! 34! 142! $(),(+*(!
04*(0(12%!
#,,&)#2(';! #13! &13()(%2+0#2(! 2>(!%$((3!
47!
04*+1<!
48J(,2%=!Y>+%!+%!#!$42(12+#'!
$)48'(0!
a>(1!3)+*+1<!4)!#%!#!
$(3(%2)+#1=
!
!
?%,2-H,1".%"#'
I)%&+.".%-+
!
!
@d@! 7)(6&(12';!>#*(!3+77+,&'2;!
#%%(%%+1<!
#,,&)#2(';! 2>(!3+%2#1,(! 8(2a((1!
48J(,2%=!
Y>(;! 0#;!
(C$()+(1,(!$)48'(0%!
+1!
1(<42+#2+1<!#!1#))4a!%$#,(!4)!a#'A+1<!
$#%2!48J(,2%=
!
!
!
c(#,>+1<!4&2!24! 24&,>! 2>(! %+3(!47! #!
344)a#;!
4)!42>()! 48J(,2%! 0#;!8(!>('$7&'=!
/1!
4,,&$#2+41#'!
2>()#$+%2! a+''! <+*(! #3*+,(!
#84&2!
(*();3#;!#,2+*+2+(%!#13!#3#$2+1<!
2>(!
(1*+)410(12=!@)48'(0%!a+2>!
*+%&4M%$#2+#'!
4)+(12#2+41! a+''!+0$#,2!41!
3)+*+1<=
!
!
!
'
'
1 / 6 100%
La catégorie de ce document est-elle correcte?
Merci pour votre participation!

Faire une suggestion

Avez-vous trouvé des erreurs dans linterface ou les textes ? Ou savez-vous comment améliorer linterface utilisateur de StudyLib ? Nhésitez pas à envoyer vos suggestions. Cest très important pour nous !