Hypothalamohypophysaire Axis Exam Questions

1. What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in the context of the hypothalamo-
hypophysaire axis?
1. To secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
2. To act as a relay station between the nervous system and the endocrine system
3. To produce insulin
4. To regulate heart rate
Correct Answer: To act as a relay station between the nervous system and the endocrine
system
2. Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus?
1. Integration of neuro-endocrine responses
2. Control of the autonomic nervous system
3. Regulation of sleep-wake cycles
4. Direct secretion of insulin
Correct Answer: Direct secretion of insulin
3. What is the primary role of the nucleus supraopticus (NSO) in the hypothalamus?
1. Synthesis of oxytocin
2. Synthesis of ADH
3. Synthesis of growth hormone
4. Synthesis of prolactin
Correct Answer: Synthesis of ADH
4. Which of the following is a characteristic of the posterior pituitary?
1. It is composed of epithelial cells
2. It secretes growth hormone
3. It is formed by the axons of neurosecretory neurons
4. It is primarily responsible for the synthesis of thyroid-stimulating hormone
Correct Answer: It is formed by the axons of neurosecretory neurons
5. What is the primary function of the anterior pituitary?
1. To secrete oxytocin
2. To secrete vasopressin
3. To secrete hormones that act on peripheral endocrine glands
4. To regulate blood pressure
Correct Answer: To secrete hormones that act on peripheral endocrine glands
6. Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating water balance in the body?

1. Oxytocin
2. Growth hormone
3. Thyroid-stimulating hormone
4. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Correct Answer: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
7. What is the primary role of oxytocin in the body?
1. To regulate blood pressure
2. To stimulate the contraction of the myometrium during childbirth
3. To regulate glucose levels
4. To stimulate the production of insulin
Correct Answer: To stimulate the contraction of the myometrium during childbirth
8. Which of the following hormones is NOT secreted by the anterior pituitary?
1. Growth hormone
2. Thyroid-stimulating hormone
3. Antidiuretic hormone
4. Prolactin
Correct Answer: Antidiuretic hormone
9. What is the primary function of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?
1. To stimulate the production of insulin
2. To stimulate the production of thyroid hormones
3. To regulate blood pressure
4. To stimulate the production of growth hormone
Correct Answer: To stimulate the production of thyroid hormones
10. Which of the following is a primary effect of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?
1. To stimulate the production of insulin
2. To increase pigmentation
3. To regulate blood pressure
4. To stimulate the production of thyroid hormones
Correct Answer: To increase pigmentation
11. What is the primary role of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in males?
1. To stimulate the production of testosterone
2. To stimulate spermatogenesis
3. To regulate blood pressure
4. To stimulate the production of insulin

Correct Answer: To stimulate spermatogenesis
12. Which of the following is a primary effect of luteinizing hormone (LH) in females?
1. To stimulate the production of insulin
2. To stimulate ovulation
3. To regulate blood pressure
4. To stimulate the production of growth hormone
Correct Answer: To stimulate ovulation
13. What is the primary role of growth hormone (GH) in the body?
1. To regulate blood pressure
2. To stimulate the growth of bones and muscles
3. To stimulate the production of insulin
4. To regulate glucose levels
Correct Answer: To stimulate the growth of bones and muscles
14. Which of the following is a primary function of the hypothalamus in regulating behavior?
1. To control heart rate
2. To regulate sleep-wake cycles
3. To stimulate the production of insulin
4. To regulate blood pressure
Correct Answer: To regulate sleep-wake cycles
15. What is the primary role of the nucleus paraventricularis (NPV) in the hypothalamus?
1. Synthesis of oxytocin
2. Synthesis of ADH
3. Synthesis of growth hormone
4. Synthesis of prolactin
Correct Answer: Synthesis of oxytocin
16. Which of the following is a primary function of the posterior pituitary?
1. To secrete growth hormone
2. To secrete oxytocin
3. To secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone
4. To regulate blood pressure
Correct Answer: To secrete oxytocin
17. What is the primary role of the anterior pituitary in the context of the hypothalamo-
hypophysaire axis?

1. To secrete hormones that act directly on peripheral tissues
2. To secrete hormones that act on peripheral endocrine glands
3. To regulate blood pressure
4. To stimulate the production of insulin
Correct Answer: To secrete hormones that act on peripheral endocrine glands
18. Which of the following is a primary effect of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the
kidneys?
1. To increase the permeability of the collecting duct to water
2. To stimulate the production of insulin
3. To regulate blood pressure
4. To stimulate the production of growth hormone
Correct Answer: To increase the permeability of the collecting duct to water
19. What is the approximate concentration of GH in the plasma of a newborn?
1. 0 < X < 5 ng/mL
2. 10 ng/mL
3. 30-70 ng/mL
4. 12 ng/mL
Correct Answer: 30-70 ng/mL
20. During which phase of sleep does the concentration of GH reach its maximum in adults?
1. REM sleep
2. Light sleep
3. Deep slow-wave sleep
4. Awake state
Correct Answer: Deep slow-wave sleep
21. Which hormone stimulates the secretion of GH?
1. Somatostatine
2. GHIH
3. Somatolibérine
4. GHRH
Correct Answer: Somatolibérine
22. What is the primary effect of GH on the cartilage of conjunction?
1. Decrease in vascularization
2. Inhibition of chondroblast hyperplasia
3. Inhibition of osteoblast activity

4. Elargissement des cartilages
Correct Answer: Elargissement des cartilages
23. Which of the following is NOT an effect of GH on metabolism?
1. Anabolic effect on protein metabolism
2. Mobilization of lipid reserves
3. Inhibition of glucose secretion
4. Retention of phosphorus
Correct Answer: Inhibition of glucose secretion
24. What is the primary function of IGF-1?
1. Inhibition of chondrocyte proliferation
2. Decrease in glycemia
3. Inhibition of lipogenesis
4. Inhibition of glucose utilization
Correct Answer: Decrease in glycemia
25. Which hormone is primarily responsible for the inhibition of prolactin secretion?
1. TRH
2. PRF
3. Dopamine
4. GnRH
Correct Answer: Dopamine
26. What is the half-life of monoméric prolactin (mPRL)?
1. 10 minutes
2. 20 minutes
3. 30 minutes
4. 40 minutes
Correct Answer: 30 minutes
27. Which of the following is a common symptom of hyperprolactinemia?
1. Increased libido
2. Normal menstruation
3. Galactorrhea
4. Increased fertility
Correct Answer: Galactorrhea