lOMoARcPSD|31784893 Pogil Prokaryotes v Eukaryotes Biology (Brooklyn Technical High School) Studocu n'est pas sponsorisé ou supporté par une université ou un lycée Téléchargé par Erwin BGG39 ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|31784893 Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Do all cells have the same structure? Why? An efficiency apartment is a one-room apartment. This one room is where you sleep, eat, shower, and entertain your guests. It all happens in one room. It is a simple way of living in a small space. A mansion is a large, complex living space with many separate rooms. There are rooms for cooking, eating, sleeping, bathing, reading, watching TV, entertaining guests, exercising, and storage. The rooms in a mansion are constructed for the specific things you would like to be able to do. You can live in simple efficiency or complexity. In this activity we will be looking at cells that are as simple as a one-room efficiency apartment or as complex as a mansion. Model 1 – Three Types of Bacterial Cells All prokaryotic Cytoplasm coccus Free-floating DNA spirillum Ribosomes Free-floating DNA Cell wall bacillus Cell membrane Free-floating DNA Cell wall Ribosomes Cytoplasm Flagellum 1. The three bacterial shapes in Model 1 are referred to as coccus (sphere), spirillum, and bacillus (rod). Label the diagrams in Model 1 with the correct descriptions. 2. What is represented by the small dots found in each of the bacteria cells? Ribosomes 3. What is the name of the outermost layer that forms a boundary around the outside of each cell? The Cell Wall 4. How is the DNA described and what does this mean? Free-floating DNA. It isnt in the nucleus and not contained. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Téléchargé par Erwin BGG39 ([email protected]) 1 lOMoARcPSD|31784893 5. All the internal structures are suspended (floating) in what substance? Cytoplasm 6. One of the bacteria in Model 1 has a tail-like structure. a. What is this structure called? Flagellum b. What might be the purpose of this structure? To help the cell move c. Based on your answer to the previous question, what might you infer about the absence of this structure in the other two bacteria cells? They might not be able to move as fast as a cell with a flagellum. Model 2 – Animal and Plant Cells Animal Cell Both eukaryotic Plant Cell Cell membrane Temporary vacuole Nuclear membrane DNA Nucleolus Nucleus Chloroplast Cytoplasm Endoplasmic reticulum Ribosomes (free or attached) Lysosome Mitochondria Vesicle Golgi apparatus Large permanent vacuole Cell wall 7. Looking at Model 2, list at least three structural differences (other than shape) between an animal and a plant cell. A plant cell has bigger vacuoles, Chloroplast, and Vesicles 8. Where do you find the DNA in each cell in Model 2? The DNA is in the nucleolus 9. Do both cells in Model 2 have a nucleus? Yes 2 POGIL™ Activities for High School Biology Téléchargé par Erwin BGG39 ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|31784893 10. List the structure(s) that form the boundary between the inside and the outside of each cell in Model 2. The Cell Wall and Cell Membrane 11. What is different about the outermost boundary in a plant cell compared to an animal cell? The outermost boundary in a plant cell is the cell wall which is usually more rectangular in shape compared to the cell membrane of animal cells 12. Decide as a group whether the cells in Model 1 or 2 are more complex and list at least three supporting reasons for your choice. The cells in Model 2 are more complex. They have more organelles, the DNA is stored in the nucleus, and they have more chromosomes. Model 3 – Structural Comparisons Word Part pro karyon eu Meaning before nucleus or kernel true 13. Use the chart in Model 3 to determine the meaning of the word prokaryote. Before nucleus 14. What does the word eukaryote mean? True nucleus 15. Based on the above word definitions, label the cells in Model 1 and Model 2 as prokaryotic or eukaryotic. 16. By comparing Model 1 and Model 2, what structures are the same in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? They both have ribosomes,cytoplasm, and a cell membrane 17. What differences are there between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell? Prokaryotic animal cells have a cell wall and membrane with free floating dna and a smaller number of organelles compared to eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic animal cells have no cell wall, the dna is contained in the nucleus and a large number of organelles. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Téléchargé par Erwin BGG39 ([email protected]) 3 lOMoARcPSD|31784893 18. Refer to Models 1 and 2 to complete the chart below. Write yes or no in the box for each cell. Bacterial Cell Animal Cell yes yes yes yes Cell Membrane yes Ribosome yes Cytoplasm yes yes Mitochondria no yes Nucleolus no yes Nucleus no yes DNA yes yes Cell Wall yes Plant Cell no Prokaryotic yes no Eukaryotic no yes All Cells yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes no yes yes yes no no no yes no 19. As a group, write a definition for a prokaryotic cell. A prokaryotic cell is a cell with both a cell wall and membrane, free floating dna, and no membrane bound organelles, 20. As a group, write a definition for a eukaryotic cell. A eukaryotic cell is a cell that can have either a cell membrane and cell wall or just a cell membrane, contains dna in the nucleolus and has multiple membrane bound organelles. 21. Complete the phrase below. Each member must contribute one complete sentence. The words prokaryotic and eukaryotic must be used: All cells are not the same because… Eukaryotic cells are much more complex than Prokaryotic cells and are much more commonly found in multicellular organisms. Prokaryotic cells also store DNA differently 22. As a group, discuss the opening analogy of an efficiency apartment and a mansion as it relates to cells. Record your final consensus of how this analogy applies to cell structure. Because prokaryotes are just have the organelles and features to do the bare minimum to live while eukaryotes have many more features that allow them to do things such as produce more energy and store things. 4 POGIL™ Activities for High School Biology Téléchargé par Erwin BGG39 ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|31784893 Extension Questions 23. What effect do you expect the structural differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes to have on their functions? Explain in detail. Eukaryotes may be able to perform more complex procedures and be able to produce more energy if they have a mitochondria. 24. With as much detail as possible, give another example of an analogy for describing the difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. A car to a plane Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Téléchargé par Erwin BGG39 ([email protected]) 5 lOMoARcPSD|31784893 25. Complete the chart by describing the function and structure in each cell. Cell Type Function Anchors the plant and Root hair cell from a plant absorbs nutrients Water Structural adaptation(s) that enable the cell to carry out its function. Are tougher than the other parts of the plant Soil particles Muscle cell To move and stretch Has strands and is easily repairable after micro tears r le fibe Musc SarcolemmaFasci culus Myofibril Send info to your brain Nerve cell Sperm cell Binds to an egg for Has chains and are connected to one another Has a tail to move reproduction Nucleus Head 6 Tail Coil of mitochondria POGIL™ Activities for High School Biology Téléchargé par Erwin BGG39 ([email protected])
