Specialist Diploma in Building Information Modeling (BIM) BIM Fundamentals BM3801 Lecture 1 This set of slides is intended for the use of the individual. If you are not the intended recipient responsible for delivering it to the intended recipient, are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or copying of this communication is strictly prohibited. 1 What is BIM? n Broken Ice Machine n Burning Inner Meaning n Buried In Marmalade n Barbarians Ignite Missionaries n Building Information Modeling n Bureaucracy Inspires Mediocrity n Brought Into Malaysia A meaningless buzzword… 14 What is BIM? “BIM is a descriptive term for technologically advanced processes in building design. BIM is characterised by the creation and use of geometrically coordinated 3D ‘objects’, enhanced by associated computable data. The data is typically interrogated in a 3D environment, and is manipulated to describe a building project in many ways.” 16 What is BIM? It’s a state of mind… 18 Passion 19 BIM IS HARD 20 BIM Concepts & Basics n What is BIM? n Why BIM? n 2D CAD v. 3D Modeling v. BIM n New v. Old Practices n Model types 21 The MacLeamy Curve 22 Why BIM? n Reduce Waste n Time n n n Money Effort Material n Improve n Efficiency n n Coordination design 23 Why BIM? n 30% of the construction process is ‘WASTE’ Value Added Activities 53% Quality and Safety 12% Constructibility 6% Excess Material Consumption 4% Poor Materials Management 5% Non Value Added Activities 20% Source: Lauri Koskela, 10th International Symposium, Houston, May 1993 24 CAD vs. BIM CAD COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN BIM BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING What’s the difference? 26 What’s a Model? n Simplified version of a concept, phenomenon, relationship, structure, system, or an aspect of the real world. n http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/ model.html n An ABSTRACTION! 27 3D Model 28 2D Drafting and 3D Modeling n In 2D, Everything is a line n Circle = A round line n n n n Square = 4 lines Column = A closed, filled in line Wall = 2 parallel lines Door = A bunch of lines n In 3D, we extrude lines to make surfaces and solids n n Boxes, Cylinders, etc… Unlimited Representative Geometry 31 Basic 3D Modelling 32 The BIM Difference 34 BIM – Object Based Modeling n The computer understands a Wall is a Wall, door is a door, etc. 35 Parametric Modeling n Parameter = Object specific data which drives form or conveys information 36 Parametric Modeling n Parameter = Object specific data which drives form or conveys information n n n n n Dimensional Info (length, width, area, volume) Identification Info Location Info Materials Type n Are there several variations on an object (wall/ door/window) 37 PARAMETRIC MODELING 38 BIM Concepts & Basics n What is BIM? n Why BIM? n 2D CAD v. 3D Modeling v. BIM n New v. Old Practices n Model types 39 BIM – New v. Old n What does technology now make possible, which is different from past practice? New ways to convey information n New uses of Data, and Re-use of Data n New methods for collaboration, co-operation n New abilities to link ‘Design’ to fabrication through ‘Integrated Project Delivery’ n 40 BIM – New v. Old n What does technology now require, which is different from past practice? n n n n n New skills for more sophisticated software New standards for coordinating data New approaches to collaboration-process New contracts and ideas about liability SIGNIFICANTLY MORE PLANNING! 41 Planning n What is our model to be used for? n Visualization? Documentation? Data Extraction? Analysis? n What software should I use? n What level of development and detail? n How can it or should it be shared? n When should it be shared? n Who will manage the data flow? 42 Specialist Diploma in Building Information Modeling (BIM) BIM Fundamentals BM3801 Lecture 2 This set of slides is intended for the use of the individual. If you are not the intended recipient responsible for delivering it to the intended recipient, are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or copying of this communication is strictly prohibited. 1 BIM Fundamentals Summary BIM Concepts & Basics Model Development & Project Phases Uses of models, Quality & Management Collaboration & Coordination, Software & Tools BIM in the Real World 2 Model Development & Project Phases Finish up some basic concepts Types of Models Design, Documentation, Construction, Coordination Modeling & Project Phases Level of Development (LOD) & Object Data Level 4 Uses of Models Models are created for a wide range of purposes, where for in-house use or for coordination and contract purposes. This range includes: Visualisation, communication and coordination Data extraction Document production Simulation and analysis Significant impact upon content and detail of objects in model 5 Types of Models Not all models are created equal. Design Modeling Documentation Modeling Construction Modeling Coordination Modeling 6 Design Modeling Establish ‘Design Intent’ Architects Emphasis on visualization rather than accuracy Engineers Used in Analysis Not particularly useful for collaboration & coordination 7 Design Modeling 8 Design Modeling 9 Design Modeling 10 Design Modeling 11 Documentation Modeling 3d model developed expressly for purpose of 2d documentation Essence of what Revit does Process can involve migration of ‘Design Model’ from 3d program to 2d drafting platform Model should be accurate Project coordinates & Element sizes Appropriate for sharing in a collaborative coordination environment Can be an essential tool for complex building 12 Documentation Modeling 13 Documentation Modeling 14 Construction Modeling Accuracy is PARAMOUNT Model intended for use in construction & fabrication Generating 2d drawings is not a key priority, Model can be used to generate shop drawings Fundamental difference in HOW and WHY the model is created 15 Construction v. Design Model Wall Modeled as a single element Column Modeled as a single element Slabs cut-off at wall Built in response to how architects think about ‘Design’ 16 Construction v. Design Model Wall Modeled by floor level/as built Column Modeled by floor level/as built Slabs support walls Built in response to how the structure is intended to be constructed 17 Coordination Modeling An Activity based upon previously created models Either Documentation Models or Construction Models can be used. Created by Architects or Engineers or Builders or Trades Discipline v. Aggregate Model Discipline is specific, Aggregate is combined For use in clash detection, data extraction, program check, timeline simulation, etc. 18 Coordination Modeling 19 Coordination Modeling 20 Coordination Modeling 21 The point Not everybody’s model is the same. What matters is keeping the GEOMETRY consistent. Tracking design development and change is the true challenge of BIM Understanding what you are doing in the beginning will guide you in selecting software, knowing how long it will take and how detailed of a model you need 22 Model Development & Project Phases Finish up some basic concepts Types of Models Design, Documentation, Construction, Coordination Modeling & Project Phases Level of Development (LOD) & Object Data Level 24 Modeling & Project Phases Design & Build Process Building Design Process and BIM Model Development process are linked This link is built upon the Level of Development (LOD) concept 25 3. Modeling Development – Project Phases Model development phases can be split into the following phases: Briefing / Pre-design Conceptual design Schematic Design Developed design Contract Documents Construction Post Construction / Facilities Management 26 Project Phases Denmark Standards Singapore Submission Process 0 Site/Inventory BIM 1 Space BIM Provisional Permission (PP) 2 Sketch Design BIM Provisional Permission (PP) / Written Permission (WP) 3 Developed Design BIM Written Permission (WP) / Building Plan (BP) 4 Tender BIM Building Plan (BP) 5 Construction BIM Building Plan (BP) 6 FM BIM Completion of Statutory Clearance (CSC) 27 Project Phases & ISO International efforts to define project stages/phases to assist industry standards for digital exchanges have been based on the work of Salford University in their ‘Process Protocol’. It has been used to describe the building life cycle ISO-Standard: 11 project Phases in Project Life Cycle, Process Protocol in Draft ISO Standard (Salford University – www.processprotocol.org) 28 Project Phases & ISO W ISO 15686-10:2010(E) Table 1-Phases and stages of the whole life of a building or buildingrelated facility Portfolio management Portfolio operations 0.1 Portfolio strategy 0.2 Portfolio requirements 0.3 Portfolio initiation 29 Project Phases & ISO Pre-project stages 1 Conception of need 2 Feasibility 3.1 Authorization 3.2 First procurement 30 Project Phases & ISO Project delivery 4 Initial or outline conceptual design 5 Preliminary design 6.1 Detailed (coordinated) design 6.2 Construction procurement 7 Production Information 8.1 Construction 8.2 Commissioning 31 Project Phases & ISO Property management 9.1 Asset operations 9.2 Maintenance and condition management 9.3 Occupants’ facility management 9.4 Refurbishment, adaptation, alteration, change of use 9.5 Change of functional use by occupant 32 Project Phases & ISO Disposal Status change 10.1 Disposal preparation 10.2 Transfer 10.3 Reinstatement End of life 10.4 Decommissioning 10.5 Deconstruction 10.6 Recycling 10.7 Demolition 33 Project Phases & ISO Overall Enterprise W Demand Portfolio Management 0.1 Owner’s Portfolio Requirements 0.2 Client’’s Requirements Project Delivery 0.3 Project Initiation 1.0 Conception of Need 2.0 Outline Feasibility 10.5 Reinstate 10.4 Transfer 10.3 Deconstruct 10.2 Decommission 3.0 Substantive Feasibility 10.1 Disposal Preparation 9.6 Change of Functional Use by Occupant 9.5 Refurbishment, Adaptation, Alteration, Change of Use 4.0 Initial or Outline Conceptual Design Information Base of Shared Data and Support Data (BIM or Building Information Model) 5.0 Full Conceptual Design 6.1 Detailed (Coordinated) Design 6.2 Procurement 7.0 Production Information 9.4 Occupants’ Facility Administration 8.1 Construction 8.2 Commissioning 9.3 Maintenance and Condition Management 9.2 Operations 9.1 Information Model (BIM) Asset, Property and Facility Management Occupancy and Use Based in part on Dana K. Smith diagram for FIC of NIBS, 2000 Diagram by Françoise Szigeti and Gerald Davis © 2000, 2001, 2008 International Centre for Facilities 34 The Truth About ISO You will never think about it in your work again. But the concept is very important: As the building design process progresses, the information in a BIM model changes to address changing needs. 35 Model Development & Project Phases Finish up some basic concepts Types of Models Design, Documentation, Construction, Coordination Modeling & Project Phases Level of Development (LOD) & Object Data Level 36 LOD - Object Data Level ‘Detail levels’ is a useful concept for obtaining agreement about content of objects at different stages. This will be necessary when defining the extent of information required at formal exchanges. What is ‘Object Content’ Material, Size, Amount of detail related to parametric information 37 LOD - Object Data Level Level A or 100 - Strategy and performance criteria based on volumes and areas - Planning activities, concept development - Non-geometric, briefing data or line work, areas, volumes zones etc. - Block model - Conceptual cost allowance (e.g. $ per m2 of floor area, $ per hospital bed, $ per parking space) - Total project construction duration or phasing of major elements - Environmental requirements 38 LOD - Object Data Level Level B or 200 - Generic objects in visualisation/concept models to allow for ‘digital prototyping’ - Generic elements shown in three dimensions with maximum size, and assumed system types - Preliminary time scale ordered for appearance of major activities - Estimated cost based on measurement of generic element (e.g. generic interior walls or doors) - Specific room requirements can be attached - Approximate quantities of materials for preliminary environmental analysis 39 LOD - Object Data Level Level C or 300 - Specific objects in detailed model, engineering design for digital prototyping - Specific elements confirmed 3D object geometry, dimensions, materials, capacities, connections - Time-scaled, ordered appearance of detailed assemblies Estimated cost based on measurement of specific assembly (e.g. specific wall type: 70 interior steel studs with 10 painted plasterboard both sides) - Precise quantities of materials with percentages of recycled/locally purchased materials - Accurate analyses and simulations based on specific building assemblies and engineered systems for engineering calculations, visualisation clash detection, construction sequencing, cost planning and estimating 40 LOD - Object Data Level Level D or 400 - Detailed objects in production model for shop drawing/fabrication for purchase, manufacture, installation, specified fabrication and assembly detail including construction means and methods (cranes, man-lifts, shoring etc.) - Specific manufacturer selections - Precise analyses and simulations based on specific manufacturer and detailed system components, committed purchase price of specific assembly - Manufacturing logistics procurement 41 LOD - Object Data Level Level E or 500 - As-built objects — for operation and FM, actual record costs, purchase documentation - Commissioning and recording of measured performance - Maintenance and operation requirements - These object detail levels may correspond closely with model development levels in ‘traditional’ practice, but should be varied to suit alternative project delivery methods 42 LOD - Object Data Level USA – AIA BIM Level of Detail Australian Object Data Levels 100 Conceptual A Volume & Area 200 Approx. Geometry B Generic Object Elements 300 Precise Geometry C Specific Elements 400 Fabrication D Detail Objects 500 As-Built E As-Built Object Singapore Standard is still under development 43 Why is this important? Effort required Staffing needs Scope of work Payment Schedule Managing Design Change Choosing Software ? 44 Why is this dangerous People get caught up in this and take their eyes of what’s important in the project: design, collaboration and how we are going to get this done! Beware the subjective nature of LOD! Enduring differences between the needs of Architect, QS, Engineer and Builder can make this a pit of quicksand http://www.architecturetech.com/2011/12/protect-fluffy-kittens.html 45 Guess That LOD!!!! 46 Guess That LOD!!!! 47 Guess That LOD!!!! 48 Guess That LOD!!!! 49 The Star 50 The Star 51 The Star 52 The Star 53 The Star 54 The Star 55 The Point…. As the building design process progresses, the information in a BIM model changes to address changing needs. Development does NOT equal Detail! This concept refers to accuracy and the amount of information which is both possible and reasonable for a model to reflect at any given stage of the design 56 Specialist Diploma in Building Information Modeling (BIM) BIM Fundamentals BM3801 Lecture 3 This set of slides is intended for the use of the individual. If you are not the intended recipient responsible for delivering it to the intended recipient, are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or copying of this communication is strictly prohibited. 1 BIM Fundamentals Summary BIM Concepts & Basics Model Development & Project Phases Uses of models, Quality & Management Collaboration & Coordination, Software & Tools BIM in the Real World 2 Tonight’s agenda Extraction vs. Live info Model Quality Role of the Model Manager Model Management Activities 3 A Fundamental Concept How do we make drawings from a 3D model? 4 Extraction Build a 3D model Set a Plane Extract a 2D “image” Can be dressed up to use on a sheet 5 Live Representation Build a 3D model Views from model are shown on sheets 6 Consider This… Extracted Info Live Info “Dead” line work: Design change can require re-extraction & re-work Up to date reflection of design arrangement Perception of better control over symbology (Stairs, cut levels, etc) Different effort required to make things look as you want Choice related to: Task at hand Staff skill v. time Not a software specific choice ACAD, Bentley and Revit can all do both YOU MUST CONSIDER YOUR WORKFLOW 7 Tonight’s agenda Extraction vs. Live info Model Quality Role of the Model Manager Model Management Activities 8 Uses of Models Models are created for a wide range of purposes; in-house use or coordination and contract purposes. This range includes: Visualisation, communication and coordination Data extraction Document production Simulation and analysis: implications for content and detail of objects in model eg. Ecotect analysis, Building Life Cycle: Environmental impacts LCA, Cost LCC, 3D - 4D - 5D 6D 9 BIM Modeling Requirements Questions to be answered in a coordinated, agreed way: What type of model? What level of detail is required? What is the purpose of the model?, What is it going to be used for? How are models created? Software & Methodology How will the model data be exchanged? What is the expected longevity of building data? Process: methodology/ sequence of model building 10 Model Quality What is quality model building? What model characteristics can be investigated? Model checking Visual checks Interference checks Code/standard checks Element validation Avoid ‘The Blame Game’ Iterative design process Priorities in the process Sensitivity of design partners 11 The Blame Game Important to remember: Iterative nature of design process All parties have different priorities at different stages of the game Rarely is a design team member TRULY incompetent! 12 Model Quality Model structure Design Check Data on building storeys Space Compliance with project parameters Duplicate and co-incidental model objects Incorrect object use Clash detection Version comparison of models: Reporting versions Code compliance: egress, accessibility and code checking 13 Model Structure Element Sizes, Locations, Materials, Configuration 14 Model Structure 15 Model Structure 16 Model Structure 17 Design Check Are key design elements working properly? 18 Design Check Or is there misunderstanding about ‘design intent? 19 Model Quality Data on building storeys Floor area, uses, penetrations Vertical Circulation Space Compliance with project parameters Room uses, sizes, finishes, adjacencies Linking Data to other software Excel, Access, etc. 20 Model Quality 21 Model Quality 22 Model Quality Duplicate and co-incidental model objects Who models what? Building Grid Structural v. Non-Structural elements Timing of Handover Related to project schedule Project setup, standards and coordinated efforts Responsibility Matrix v. Index of Elements 23 Modeling Kit of Parts Part Description Dimension Other Walls Partition Wall W = 150mm - Block Wall W = 250mm Glazing W = 150 Single NA – Parametric Double NA – Parametric Overhead NA – Parametric Revolving NA – Parametric Sliding (2 & 3 Pane) NA – Parametric Window Single Pane Inoperable NA – Parametric Mullion pattern to be developed in due course Rail Guardrail W = 30mm Simple rectangular rail Guardrail w/Handrail W = 50mm Simple rectangular rail Slabs Typ. roof slab element Th = 250mm Representation of slab on metal deck. Stair Typical stair style NA – Parametric Ramp Typical ramp style NA – Parametric Doors Mullion pattern to be developed in due course Will our building use pre-cast or steel stairs? 24 Matrix of Responsibility Element/Area Structural Structural elements Columns Beams Slabs X Walls Doors Glazing Load Bearing Archi Inbed locations? Penetration layout Partition Block Cladding Grids Light Fixtures Ceilings Louvers V-Circ Coordination of MEP sleeves with beam and rebar? Inbed locations? How is Fire Rating indicated? How to handle finishes on load bearing walls? (as appropriate) X Curtain walls Backing for curtain walls Windows Store fronts Hieghts Roof Other Joists Core Walls Elevator support structure Grid systems MUST be draw accurately for coordination with duct work and lighting systems How to integrate with interiors package? Ceiling structural elements Mechanical Decorative/Facad e Decking Grading (as appropriate) Stairs Handrails Escalators Elevator clearances Input required from manufacturers 25 Model Quality – Object Use Incorrect object use creates bad karma Objects have categories Walls = Walls, Doors = Doors, Rails = Rails, etc. These categories should be respected If not, the method of modelling needs to be communicated downstream. Can result in abortive work and limited model use. 26 BIM – Object Based Modeling The computer understands a Wall is a Wall, door is a door, etc. 27 Parametric Modeling Parameter = Object specific data which drives form or conveys information 28 Model Quality Clash detection Setting Model Orientation & Origin True North v. Project North Model 0,0 v. Civil Info v. Northing-Easting Different programs have different ways of dealing with this process Part of project setup & documentation/modeling manual 29 Model Quality - Versions Reporting & Recording Versions Model sharing/tracking issue Increased difficulty as project grows and timeline shrinks Software packages to track this Responsibility of model manager Avoid ‘The Blame Game’ 30 Model Quality - Versions 31 Model Quality Code compliance: egress, accessibility and code checking Smart objects and scheduling Intentional programming of elements BIM can ASSIST, but the human eye must be the final judge! 32 Model Quality 33 The Aim of Digital Modeling Accurate, good quality digital models Accurate detailed data within objects Downstream & upstream understanding of design Re-use of data for a range of existing and new purposes Repeatable, reliable data exchanges expect output Input data once, not the 7 times minimum that is current industry practice Is this really possible? 34 How do we get to Quality? Adequate Hardware The Right Software Trained & Passionate people Process Management Setting project standards early There is no such thing as a “Standard Building” A great building requires a great client, a great architect & a great builder… and their teams better be good too! 35 Role of Model Manger New job type or extension of existing responsibilities? Design Model Manager Construction Model Manager Design Modeler Construction Modeler FM Model Manager FM Modeler If you are going to take on a role like this, you better know how to model REALLY WELL! 37 BIM equals…. BUILDING How do buildings go together? INFORMATION What information is important and how do I present it? MODELLING The ability to input design or construction information in a 3D environment To do the job of BIM Manager well, you must have a grasp on all 3 elements. No shortcuts. No excuses. 38 BIM Application Areas Advanced BIM Technologies Emerging developments in BIM 4D and 5D modelling for optioneering/ optimisation Facilities management (6D) Rule-based design Sustainability LCA and the use of eco-profiling Bill of Quantities (BOQs) and specifications New business processes: ‘Lean construction’ Increasing off-site fabrication Model servers 39 Activities of Model Management Different from Modeling. Not creating the model, but laying the groundrules Important the management level guys get a sense of the difference, especially during project set-up Whose job is this? And is it an additional service? Extra effort and cost to architects and engineers Benefits of time and money to builder and client External v. Internal Model management 41 Activities of Model Management Model co-ordination Alignment & orientation Understanding who models what Sharing templates among design team Clash detection What is object size limit 50mm pipes v. 300mm x 600mm beam Level of Development and modeling stage How to organize and communicate the clash 42 Activities of Model Management Exchanges File format Frequency Making and tracking comments Distribution & Archiving Import export settings Units Orientation & Location References Solid v. Surface Smart v. Dumb 43 Activities of Model Management Purpose of exchanges Review Coordination Fabrication Statutory submission Design milestone (Getting Paid) Archiving Managing versions Project document management system File format Native model v. PDF. v. Paper 44 Activities of Model Management Process management BIM execution guide/implementation guide Statutory level, Organizational level & Project Level No such thing as a ‘Standard Project’, but experience matters Modeling standards Level of Development (LOD) Responsibilities matrix Kit of parts & Element Categories 45 BIG BIM v. Little BIM 46 BIG BIM v. Little BIM 47 Specialist Diploma in Building Information Modeling (BIM) BIM Fundamentals BM3801 Lecture 4 This set of slides is intended for the use of the individual. If you are not the intended recipient responsible for delivering it to the intended recipient, are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or copying of this communication is strictly prohibited. 1 BIM Fundamentals Summary BIM Concepts & Basics Model Development & Project Phases Uses of models, Quality & Management Collaboration, Software & BIM in the Real World 2 How do you think it can help you with your work? How does BIM help me? A LOT. Another area of BIM which is able to help me is how information is able to be stored. I can see that this will help us a lot in the future when A&A works are required. The current A&A projects are all a disaster as we scurried everywhere to dig for history and documents of the existing stations. What does BIM mean to me? With BIM, we are able to visualize the building more accurately before construction to minimize misinterpretations and do more detailed planning. Ideally, during construction, we can just go according what we have planned in the BIM model. No more rectification works, no more re-coordination. What does BIM mean to you? It integrates 3D with 2D documentation to create effectively coordinated reference drawings. BIM enables its users to determine possible visualization loopholes by presenting drawings in 3D. With this, using BIM will prevent significant abortive work on site. It cuts time and costs on projects that use it. Manual drafting has already been replaced by CAD. The next step to CAD is BIM and it may fully replace CAD in the next years. What does BIM mean to me? In my opinion, BIM is not Revit model or Tekla model...BIM is process of using 3D model to generating, integrating and managing information during project life cycle. This cycle start from design stage up to facility management. Why am i taking this course? My aim to taking this course is explore more about BIM. I have been doing and studying about BIM but my knowledge is very fragmented. I hope i will have a overall view and more systematic about BIM after taking this course. What does BIM mean to me? When I started using the software, I find it so amazing , there are so many information that can be input into a space/room, you can view you building in 3D but most importantly, it auto-generates elevation and section, saving time and it is also accurate. On the other hand, it is also frustrating , it is not easy. What does BIM mean to me? Its Facebook of construction industry, life less private, information shared, increased communication (not communication time). Collaboration & Coordination Essentials of Intelligent 3D modelling High quality single discipline models Model requirements and intents understood BIM/Object Modelling packages used? Basic surface/solid modelling methods? Precise geometric sizes and locations for all objects Objects fully populated with appropriate properties and attributes Information embedded or linked in appropriate and consistent manner 12 Collaboration & Coordination Benefits of Intelligent 3D modelling Traditional views/drawings/documents can, if required, be automatically extracted and internally consistent 2D plan, sections,elevations, details automated schedules, quantities & especifications 4D construction scheduling 3D visualisations of complex areas & perspectives. Sun studies and animations. Extracts of quantities, areas, volumes etc. 13 Collaboration & Coordination Purposes of digital exchange 3D geometry used for clash detection for Design Phase Creation of Project Life Cycle BIM Model For construction/fabrication for limited trades only for coordination and clash detection For analysis or simulation of building performance 14 Collaboration & Coordination Graphic/Visual coordination Dimensional coordination basis for 3D geometry use and set-out: ACCURACY is CRITICAL! Analysis LCA, environmental or estimating analysis software use. Orientation and detail of model elements is critical (e.g. sun studies, lighting analysis with correct information included) Model merging for checking/clash detection 15 Collaboration & Coordination The common BIM model file data is shared by two or more project participants in an iterative collaborative process. Much effort is required to: Establish compatible file formats and workflow Manage versions Organize object selection Manage orientation of models Feedback the information 16 Collaboration & Coordination One-way collaboration BIM model file is exported to other participants for visualisation, communication, assessment, analysis, simulation or discipline design. Marginally useful Archi Struct MEP Builder Doesn’t allow for feed back loop! Design is ITERATIVE! 18 Collaboration & Coordination CLIENT Archi Struct MEP Builder 19 Digital File Formats Links between applications ODBC, COM, GDL or MDL Geometry formats DWG, DXF, RVT, DGN, SKP, 3DM, etc. Intelligence is usually lost in this type of translation Open exchange / interoperability formats IFC or CIS/2. Intelligence is retained in this type of translation (hopefully!) XML-based, DATA exchange formats gbXML, OGC and IFCXML 20 Interoperability Understanding the different file formats is essential in managing data flow between disciplines, users and software platforms This is key to unlocking true collaboration between disciplines and teams RARELY is everyone working on the same platform! 21 BIM Software tools Pre-design and planning Phase Space planning, program compliance Software Affinity Codebook International Facility Composer SketchUp Form Z dRofus Aprog Bluethink House Designer Generative Components 23 BIM Software tools Designers view Design Phase – Form Finding Design Authoring - Documentation Structural Analysis - Documentation Energy Analysis - Implementation Lighting Analysis - Implementation Mechanical Analysis – System Design and Documentation 24 BIM Software tools Architectural Design Software Sketchup Rhino FormZ Archicad Revit Architecture Bentley Architecture Autocad Architecture 25 BIM Software tools Structural Design Software Tekla Revit Structure Bentley Structural Autocad Structural Detailing Robot Prosteel 3D Several analysis packages for specific purposes 26 BIM Software tools Parametric Design Software Grasshopper (Rhino) Generative Components (Bentley) Vasari (Revit) Used for form-finding, scripting and iterative design in both architectural and structural disciplines 27 BIM Software tools MEP Design Software DDS - HVAC Revit MEP Bentley Architecture CADDuct Autocad Building Systems Riuska 28 BIM Software tools Electrical Design Software DDS - Electrical Revit MEP Bentley Electrical Autocad Software - Sustainability LCADesign Green Building Studio 29 BIM Software tools Hydraulic Design Software DDS - Plumbing Revit MEP Bentley Hydraulics Software – Estimating/QS Cost X CRC - Estimator 30 BIM Software tools Software – Checking & Co-ordination Navisworks Tekla BIMsight Horizontal Glue Solibri Software - Environmental Ecotect IES-VE Green Building Studio 31 BIM Software tools Analysis, simulation and visualisation 3D Max Simurban 3D Studio Navisworks Construction Oriented Software Navisworks Synchro CAD Duct Tekla 33 BIM Software tools Software - FM ArchiFM Artra Vizelia Rhyti FM Desktop Archibus Bentley Facilities MAXIMO 34 BIM Software tools Model servers EPM Jotne Octaga Others e-specs Newforma Team Binder 35 BIM Software tools What’s the point? As a project continues, the software used becomes more robust and complex No project can use a single software platform All programs have their strengths and weaknesses Master 2 platforms that are most important for your industry or interests Be aware of the rest! 36 Obstacles for BIM 4 distinct areas to address for implementation Technical issues Organizational issues Process issues Policy issues 38 Technical Issues Cost of Hardware Software Availability of Skilled workers Training Investment Experience required Will improve with time Increased adoption in the market place 39 Process Issues Getting past legacy methods Teaching old dogs new tricks Discovering new best practices Industry and firm specific Design/Construction paradigm Schedule Deliverable expectations Contract language 40 Organizational Issues Aiming to do the minimum required by govt. Concern over Cost of implementation? How will the drawings look? “Just get it out now and we will deal with it later…” 41 Organizational Issues Solutions in: Government and client mandate Changes in contractual obligation and project schedule Your ability to communicate the benefits! 42 Policy Issues Is the government ready? Are they doing it ‘Right’? BCA BIM Submission Deliverables expectations Statutory requirements for documentation LTA Requirements Development of reasonable standards CP-83 for BIM? How far should the standards go? 43 BIM Does not exist in a Vacuum All of these factors can promote or derail our efforts Contracts Design Team Ability Project Schedule Builder Savvy Staff Avail. Client Needs Gov Req. 44 Who Owns “The BIM”? Client Design Team coordination Build Team Project Duration Process 1 45 Who Owns “The BIM” CLIENT DESIGN TEAM Process 2 BIM TEAM BUILD TEAM 46 Who Owns “The Bim” “BIM is cost borne by the design team to the benefit of the builder” Process 1 Process 2 Extra cost and effort to the design team Appointed BIM Team and specialist Mis-alignment of Interests & Priorities Client & Project benefit from focused interest of BIM team Negative effect on: • standards • timeline • BIM deliverables • overall success Experienced in: • Setting standards • Managing information flow • Generating valuable BIM Information to the entire team 47 Specialist Diploma in Building Information Modeling (BIM) BIM Fundamentals BM3801 Lecture 5 This set of slides is intended for the use of the individual. If you are not the intended recipient responsible for delivering it to the intended recipient, are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or copying of this communication is strictly prohibited. 1 Tutorial Questions What are the considerations for planning to use BIM on a project? What kinds of models are appropriate for what stage of the building process? What are 5 key activities of model management? What are the fundamental 3d concepts that underpin Building Information Modeling? Describe the 4 primary obstacles of BIM implementation 3 Software Points Know the right tool for the job! 5 AutoCAD (Autodesk) Primary use in vector based 2D drawings Full 3D Surface and Solid based modeling tools Has object based modeling packages for architecture, structure & MEP DWG native file format 2D Exports to all other platforms 3D Exports as meshes and solids but loses any object based intelligence without IFC Used throughout design, construction & manufacturing industries One DWG file/user 6 Ease of scaling labor Microstation (Bentley Systems) Primary use in vector based 2D drawings Full 3D Surface and Solid based modeling tools More developed than ACAD Has object based modeling packages for architecture, structure & MEP Structural package is great Archi & MEP are lacking DGN native file format 2D Exports to all other platforms 3D Exports as meshes and solids but loses any object based intelligence without IFC 7 Microstation (Bentley Systems) Used throughout design, construction & manufacturing industries Emphasis on infrastructure projects Major strength is flexibility, interoperability, programing Trade-off in complexity and cumbersome user interface Parametric design abilities through Generative Components Platform Single user/DGN file Ease of scaling labor 8 REVIT (Autodesk) Object based modeling Allows for easy extraction of object information Live Model Based Coordinated Documentation 1 Model for multiple users Natural limit based upon size of building/model Exports 2D data to dwg Rich 3D data to IFC Mesh and solids to DWG, DXF Full rendering capabilty Inherent access to parametric modeling 9 SKETCHUP (Google) Design oriented surface modeling package Excellent and developing and presenting architectural ideas Easy to learn and use 1 user/.SKP model Extendable using RUBY Script Applications available free on the web Evolving into parametric object modeler Open nature leads to very high BIM potential Documentation abilities? 10 ArchiCad (Graphisoft) Very efficient BIM platform in terms of computing power Strong at creating documents and models in a similar manner to REVIT Weak in parametric form generation Strong links to manufacturing platforms through Nemetschek ALLPLAN Lack of support in Asia has lead to very low uptake in the marketplace Runs native on MAC! 11 RHINO NURBS based mesh modeling tool Dynamic forms All modeling, no documentation Export 2D to .DWG or .DGN Commonly used to model the complex bits, rather than entire building Parametric design capability through Grasshopper Exports to several 3d model formats Native file format Single user/model 12 Digital Projects (Gehry Tech.) Evolved out of Catia, an aircraft design modeler Used exclusively by Frank Gehry, architect Fully parametric 3d modeling tool Allows iterative design of complex forms Capable of producing 2D documents and improving gradually Downsides Cost Complexity Limited experienced user base 13 Tekla Fabricator oriented, structural documentation modeling Information rich and efficiently written program Trade off in complexity and ease of use Leads to limited marketplace penetration Started as a steel modeler, now is great with concrete and Re-Bar modeling Can schedule bar-bends Robust export abilities 14 Navisworks (Autodesk) Model management and collaboration tool Accepts models from most 3D geometry formats. YOU DO NOT MODEL IN NAVIS! Used for 3D clash detection and process tracking 4D program study (link to primavera or MS Project) Presentation quality rendering 3d models can be published and shared using a free online viewing tool 15 Remember: There is a difference between 3D Modeling 3D based documentation BIM 17 3D Modeling Understanding buildings and objects visually Varying degrees of accuracy depending upon model’s intended use The model itself is the final result for Design Clarification Fabrication 18 Model Based Documentation Drawings directly linked to a 3D design model “Extraction” or “Live” relationship More coordination errors occur as the distance between the extraction and the finished drawing increases Intention to create coordinated documents Building coordination is team responsibility 19 BIM Its not about the model or program used It’s the data and what you do with it Leveraging information from smart objects in your electronic file Relates to workflow User ingenuity Process efficiency BIM is where you find it. 20 LOD v LOD??? “Level of Development” is not the same as “Level of Detail” Development is about accuracy Detail refers to how much we choose to model Model the amount of detail required to fulfill the obligation of your scope, no more, no less The Danger: LOD is SUBJECTIVE!!! Never commit to modeling to a particular LOD in a contract. Strive to be as specific as possible about expectation and use of a model. 21 LOD v. LOD Detail Level General Conception 100 Pre-Design 200 Schematic Design 300 Design Development & CD’s 400 Construction and Shop Drawings 500 As-Built Technically, neither correct nor incorrect. Ignores the nuances of BIM How valuable is a 500 level model of the whole building? Even for shop drawing how much do I model vs. draw? 22 Autodesk Design Review Comes Packaged with all Autodesk Software Special export from all ADSK authoring tools Other options available from both Tekla and Bentley 25 Autodesk Design Review 26 Autodesk Design Review 27 BIM on an iPad Autodesk App Store Many platforms are developing in this area, search for the one of your choice! 28 Autodesk Cloud Autodesk will give you free cloud-based storage space. Offers services for Rendering Optimization Collaboration Endless possibilities! 29 Concept Review Questions I expect medium length written answers to these questions. If you simply cut and paste from the lectures, you will not pass. The point is to show me you understand the material You may work together to discuss the questions, but you must submit your own answers. This assignment is worth 50% of your grade Your answers are due by Sunday, June 3 at 11:59pm 31 Concept Review Questions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Discuss the 4 different types of 3D models, and how they are used by each discipline. Discuss 5 key activities of model management. Discuss the 4 challenge areas surrounding BIM implementation Discuss LOD, its definitions, implications and shortcomings. Describe the differences between surface, solid and object modeling and then discuss the difference between implications of extraction vs. live representation of information 32 Online Resources User Blogs http://buildz.blogspot.com/ http://bimtroublemaker.blogspot.com/ http://revitoped.blogspot.com/ http://therevitkid.blogspot.com/ http://whatrevitwants.blogspot.com/ http://revitelemental.blogspot.com/ http://bimx.blogspot.com/ http://sketchupdate.blogspot.com/ http://sketchupireland.blogspot.com/ Do a web search for your favorite program followed by the word ‘BLOG’ and you will find plenty! Tutorials http://designreform.net/ Tutorials on Youtube for EVERYTHING! Events http://au.autodesk.com/ http://www.revitconference.com.au/ 34
