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Biology Questions and Answers
Table of Contents
Foreword......................................................................................................................................... 3
Disclaimer........................................................................................................................................ 3
Biochemistry.................................................................................................................................... 9
Biochemistry Introduction.......................................................................................................... 11
Water and Mineral Salts............................................................................................................ 13
Carbohydrates........................................................................................................................... 18
Lipids......................................................................................................................................... 20
Proteins..................................................................................................................................... 22
Enzymes................................................................................................................................... 29
Nucleic Acids............................................................................................................................. 35
Cell Biology.................................................................................................................................... 43
Cell Structure............................................................................................................................ 45
Cell Membrane.......................................................................................................................... 54
Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement.............................................................................................. 63
Cell Secretion............................................................................................................................ 65
Cell Digestion............................................................................................................................ 66
Cell Nucleus.............................................................................................................................. 68
Cell Division.............................................................................................................................. 73
Photosynthesis.......................................................................................................................... 84
Cell Respiration......................................................................................................................... 91
Protein Synthesis...................................................................................................................... 99
Microbiology................................................................................................................................ 107
Bacteria................................................................................................................................... 109
Protists.................................................................................................................................... 113
Fungi....................................................................................................................................... 117
Viruses.................................................................................................................................... 120
Zoology........................................................................................................................................ 123
Life Kingdoms......................................................................................................................... 125
Poriferans................................................................................................................................ 128
Cnidarians............................................................................................................................... 131
Platyhelminthes....................................................................................................................... 135
Nematodes.............................................................................................................................. 139
Annelids.................................................................................................................................. 142
Arthropods.............................................................................................................................. 147
Molluscs.................................................................................................................................. 154
Echinoderms........................................................................................................................... 158
Chordates............................................................................................................................... 161
Fishes..................................................................................................................................... 164
Amphibians............................................................................................................................. 167
Reptiles................................................................................................................................... 170
Birds........................................................................................................................................ 173
Mammals................................................................................................................................ 176
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