ARTICLE DE REVUE ๎€ฏ๎Ž๎˜
๎€•๎€บ๎‹๎†๎–๎€ธ๎€พ๎Œ๎€ผ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ต๎€ฃ๎๎…๎‹๎€˜๎๎•๎‹๎€ž๎€˜๎๎†๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ธ๎๎€ท๎Œ๎€ด๎€พ๎€ท๎€ฃ๎†
๎€†๎€๎€ž๎€ ๎€™๎€Š๎€ข๎€ง๎€ ๎€๎€๎€ ๎€ก๎€’๎€ก๎€๎€ ๎€Š๎€ข๎€ ๎€๎€Š๎€Œ๎€–๎€š๎€๎€ก๎€ 
๎€๎€๎€ค๎€™๎€‘๎€๎€๎€๎€–๎€š๎€๎€ ๎€๎€๎€ ๎€“๎€Š๎€™๎€–๎€˜๎€˜๎€
Niklaus Meiera, Peter Dunerb, Mathias Sturzeneggera
๎€Š๎€ ๎€๎€™๎€Œ๎€ข๎€˜๎€Š๎€š๎€ก๎€๎€ž๎€ ๎€‰๎€š๎€–๎€ฅ๎€๎€๎€ž๎€–๎€ก๎€‹๎€๎€๎€ž๎€ ๎€‡๎€๎€ข๎€๎€›๎€จ๎€๎€š๎€ก๎€๎€ข๎€™๎€Ž๎€ ๎€…๎€›๎€œ๎€“๎€ž๎€๎€•๎€™๎€๎€๎€จ๎€ž๎€œ๎€๎€๎€๎€•๎€ž๎€ก๎€ข๎€š๎€๎€๎€Ž๎€ ๎€‡๎€๎€ข๎€๎€›๎€˜๎€›๎€”๎€–๎€ž๎€๎€•๎€๎€ ๎€‰๎€š๎€–๎€ฅ๎€๎€๎€ž๎€–๎€ก๎€‹๎€ก๎€ž๎€—๎€˜๎€–๎€š๎€–๎€—๎€Ž๎€ ๎€„๎€š๎€ž๎€๎€˜๎€ž๎€œ๎€–๎€ก๎€Š๎€˜๎€Ž๎€ ๎€‚๎€๎€๎€š๎€Ÿ๎€ ๎€Œ๎€ ๎€ˆ๎€๎€Š๎€ง๎€–๎€ž๎€ ๎€“๎€ฃ๎€๎€ ๎€๎€˜๎€˜๎€”๎€๎€™๎€๎€–๎€š๎€™๎€๎€๎€–๎€จ๎€–๎€š๎€Ž๎€ ๎€ƒ๎€”๎€”๎€–๎€ฆ๎€–๎€˜
Introduction
๎€๎š๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€œ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ซ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎”
๎Ž๎€ฃ๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎๎ ๎€พ๎†๎•๎‚๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎€ป๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ซ๎Ž๎€ค๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎Ž๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ง๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎” ๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎š๎€ฝ๎•๎€ธ๎†๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎š๎๎€ฃ๎๎Š๎” ๎€•๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ค๎๎€˜๎€ฝ๎š๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€˜๎†๎†๎Ž๎๎€ซ๎๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎๎๎š๎€ซ๎€ท
๎€ซ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎†๎€ธ๎•๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎š๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎๎๎€ฟ๎๎€ ๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎•๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ซ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎๎•๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”
๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎” ๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎‡๎€Ÿ๎Š๎€ท๎€›๎€ท๎€ข๎Š๎”๎€œ๎€ค๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎ˆ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎” ๎๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎€ท
๎€ข๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎‡๎€Ÿ๎Š๎€ท๎€›๎€ท๎€ข๎Š๎” ๎†๎๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎š๎Ÿ๎ˆ๎€ก๎”๎€ข๎๎€˜๎š๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”
๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎•๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎†๎๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎๎๎•๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎Ž๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎•๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎”
๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€˜๎†๎†๎Ž๎๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ค๎Š๎” ๎€„๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€˜๎Ž๎•๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎” ๎€ฟ๎๎š๎๎” ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ท
๎Ž๎๎€ฟ๎๎”๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎Ž๎” ๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎” ๎€˜๎†๎†๎Ž๎๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎€ข๎€˜๎†๎•๎€ค๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎š๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€œ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎•๎”
๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎๎๎š๎€ฌ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ ๎”
๎€‘๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ซ๎€˜๎š๎•๎€ท๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€ข๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฟ๎€ง๎๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎Œ๎” ๎€“๎š๎Ž๎” ๎‹๎š๎๎€ธ๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎•๎” ๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€˜๎€ท
๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎†๎€ถ๎ ๎๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎Œ๎”๎€‘๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎€ธ๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€˜๎Ž๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”(ยซ
red
๎€ags
ยป) ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎Œ๎”๎€ƒ๎๎€พ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎•๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€ท
๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎๎๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎๎๎€ธ๎€ฎ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎Œ๎”
๎€‘๎š๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ข๎” ๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎” ๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎€ท๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎” ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ค๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎” ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€ท
๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎Œ๎”๎€…๎•๎” ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ท๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎€ข๎๎๎€œ๎๎€ฃ๎Ž๎๎€ฃ๎Ž๎” ๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎” ๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ท
๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎Œ๎”๎€๎”๎•๎€ธ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎†๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ก๎”๎€ฟ๎๎š๎๎”๎๎๎š๎๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ท
๎€ข๎๎€ฟ๎๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎” ๎€˜๎Ž๎•๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎” ๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎š๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎” ๎˜๎ข๎„๎˜๎”๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎” ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”
Forum Mรฉdical
Suisse
๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎•๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€๎„๎€ž๎Š
Anamnรจse et examen clinique
๎€…๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฟ๎€ง๎๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎”
๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€˜๎€œ๎๎๎€ฝ๎š๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎†๎€ธ๎•๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎€ก๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎€ธ๎๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”
๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎Ž๎๎€ฟ๎๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎๎€ ๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎๎š๎€ฌ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ด๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ต๎”๎†๎€˜๎๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎„๎€ฐ๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎š๎•๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฉ๎”๎€ฝ๎๎Ž๎๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎๎š๎€ฝ๎•๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”
๎š๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎Ž๎๎€ธ๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎๎†๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ฎ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฟ๎๎š๎๎” ๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎๎๎ ๎๎€ฟ๎๎” ๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ข๎š๎Ž๎€ค๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ
๎๎€ฟ๎๎š๎€ฝ๎•๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎’
๎ข๎” ๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎š๎•๎€ฃ๎๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€˜๎” ๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎๎š๎€ฝ๎•๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎” ๎€ข๎€ค๎€ท
๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฟ๎๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎”๎†๎€˜๎๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎€ฟ๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎๎๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎” ๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”
๎†๎๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎๎๎•๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€ค๎€ณ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€œ๎€˜๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€˜๎Ž๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ซ๎š๎•๎š๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎๎š๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”
๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ถ๎๎€ฝ๎๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎Ž๎๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎‡๎๎š๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎Ž๎๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎Ž๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ข๎€ธ๎๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎ˆ๎”
๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎” ๎€˜๎€ฌ๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ฃ๎” ๎๎€˜๎”๎๎€ธ๎•๎š๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎” ๎†๎๎ ๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎‡๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎€ฃ๎Ž๎๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎ˆ๎Š๎”
๎€”๎Ž๎€ง๎๎”๎๎๎š๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ก๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎๎š๎€ฝ๎•๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”
๎€พ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎” ๎†๎๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎๎” ๎€ข๎€ค๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”
๎•๎๎š๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎“๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ฟ๎š๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€˜๎€ท
๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€˜๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎€ป๎€›๎”๎€›๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€ฃ๎š๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฌ๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎•๎€ถ๎€ค๎Ž๎€˜๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฉ๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€˜๎€ท
๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎š๎€ธ๎€ท๎€พ๎€ฅ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎”๎†๎Ž๎๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ง๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ด๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎€ท
๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎๎€ต๎€ก๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎”๎†๎Ž๎๎†๎Ž๎€ฃ๎Š๎”๎€ƒ๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎Ž๎€ฃ๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”
๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ท๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎†๎•๎€˜๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎€ท
๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎•๎Ž๎€ง๎๎” ๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎š๎๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎” ๎€ข๎š๎Ž๎€ค๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎” ๎†๎€˜๎€ท
๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎๎๎š๎€ฌ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎๎“๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎Ž๎๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎€ก๎”๎๎€ธ๎”
๎€ฝ๎๎๎€ฟ๎”๎๎€ฃ๎š๎•๎”๎€ค๎๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎”
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๎”๎€ซ๎Ž๎š๎๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”
๎€‘๎๎€ด๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎†๎†๎€ฃ๎€บ๎€ž๎€ฃ๎‹
๎€๎‹๎‹๎€Œ๎„๎€˜๎€บ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€บ๎€ฆ๎†๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ฃ๎Œ๎‹๎€ท๎„๎€ฃ๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎‹๎€ž๎€ท๎€ด๎€บ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€ฃ๎—๎‹๎€ท๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€พ๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎†๎‹๎†๎€ป๎๎€ซ๎€ซ๎…๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ธ๎€˜๎๎•๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹
๎Œ๎€ฅ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€˜๎€บ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎‹๎€ข๎๎‹ ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€พ๎†๎‹๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ด๎†๎‹ ๎…๎€ฃ๎†๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ท๎€ป๎€ด๎€บ๎‹๎€ท๎„๎€˜๎€ด๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹ ๎€ข๎€ด๎€˜๎€ฐ๎€บ๎€ป๎†๎Œ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎‹ ๎€ท๎€˜๎‹
๎€พ๎€ท๎๎†๎‹๎€พ๎€ฃ๎…๎Œ๎€ด๎€บ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎
๎€๎‹๎‹๎€Œ๎€˜๎‹๎€ข๎๎…๎€ค๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎€ซ๎…๎€ค๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎€บ๎€ž๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€ท๎„๎€ด๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎†๎€ด๎Œ๎€ค๎‹๎€ฃ๎Œ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎€ท๎€ป๎€ž๎€˜๎€ท๎€ด๎†๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ธ๎€˜๎๎•๎‹ ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎Œ๎€ฅ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎‹
๎€˜๎€ด๎€บ๎†๎€ด๎‹๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎€พ๎…๎€ค๎†๎€ฃ๎€บ๎€ž๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ž๎€ป๎€ณ๎†๎–๎€ธ๎€พ๎Œ๎€ผ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ฟ๎“๎€ค๎€ฐ๎€ค๎Œ๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ซ๎†๎€ ๎‹๎Œ๎…๎€ด๎€ฐ๎€ค๎€ธ๎€ด๎€บ๎€ป๎€ณ๎€˜๎๎Œ๎€ป๎€บ๎€ป๎€ณ
๎€ธ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†๎€๎‹๎†๎€ป๎€บ๎Œ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ป๎€บ๎€บ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€˜๎€บ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€บ๎€ฃ๎†๎Œ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ž๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎…๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฃ๎†๎
๎€๎‹๎‹๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ป๎๎€ท๎€ฃ๎๎…๎†๎‹๎†๎€ป๎๎€ข๎€˜๎€ด๎€บ๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ฃ๎Œ๎‹๎†๎€ค๎“๎€ฆ๎…๎€ฃ๎†๎€ ๎‹๎€ท๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ž๎…๎€ด๎†๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ค๎€พ๎€ด๎€ท๎€ฃ๎€พ๎Œ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†๎€ ๎‹๎€ท๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ค๎€ฌ๎€ž๎€ด๎Œ๎†๎‹
๎€บ๎€ฃ๎๎…๎€ป๎€ท๎€ป๎€ฐ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†๎€ ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎€ฌ๎€ฆ๎“๎…๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€ท๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ž๎…๎€ด๎†๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ฒ๎–๎€พ๎€ฃ๎…๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎†๎€ด๎“๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎‹๎€ป๎๎‹๎€ท๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎“๎€ป๎€ธ๎€ด๎†๎†๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎†๎‹
๎€ด๎€บ๎€ข๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎‹๎๎€บ๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ž๎€˜๎๎†๎€ฃ๎‹๎†๎€ฃ๎€ž๎€ป๎€บ๎€ข๎€˜๎€ด๎…๎€ฃ๎
๎€๎‹๎‹๎€ƒ๎€ท๎€˜๎†๎†๎€ด๎€ฌ๎€ž๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎‹๎€˜๎€ž๎Œ๎๎€ฃ๎€ท๎€ท๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ธ๎€˜๎๎•๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎Œ๎€ฅ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎‹๎€Š๎€ƒ๎€‰๎€„๎€ณ๎€Š๎€Š๎€Š๎‹๎€›๎€ฅ๎Œ๎€˜๎‹๎€ฟ๎”๎”๎”๎๎€ด๎€ฒ๎†๎€ณ๎€ž๎€ท๎€˜๎†๎†๎€ด๎€ณ
๎€ฌ๎€ž๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎๎€ป๎…๎€ฐ๎€๎
๎€๎‹๎‹๎€Š๎€บ๎€ซ๎€ป๎…๎€ธ๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎†๎‹๎€ž๎€ป๎€บ๎€ž๎€ฃ๎…๎€บ๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎‹๎€ท๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ž๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฒ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ค๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ฃ๎Œ๎‹๎€ท๎€ฃ๎๎…๎‹๎Œ๎…๎€˜๎€ด๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎€ ๎‹๎€ด๎€บ๎€ž๎€ท๎๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎‹๎๎€บ๎‹
๎€ต๎€ป๎๎…๎€บ๎€˜๎€ท๎‹ ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ธ๎€˜๎๎•๎‹ ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎Œ๎€ฅ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎‹๎€“๎€ป๎€ž๎€ด๎€ค๎Œ๎€ค๎‹๎†๎๎€ด๎†๎†๎€ฃ๎‹ ๎€พ๎€ป๎๎…๎‹๎€ท๎„๎€ค๎Œ๎๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ž๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฒ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ค๎€ฃ๎†๎‹
๎€ฟ๎”๎”๎”๎๎€ฒ๎€ฃ๎€˜๎€ข๎€˜๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€ฃ๎๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€๎
๎€๎‹๎‹๎€“๎€ด๎‹๎๎€บ๎‹๎€ฃ๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎‹๎€ข๎„๎€ด๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ฐ๎€ฃ๎…๎€ด๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ธ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ด๎€ž๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ฃ๎†๎Œ๎‹๎€ด๎€บ๎€ข๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ค๎€ ๎‹๎€ท๎„๎€Š๎€’๎€๎‹๎€ฃ๎†๎Œ๎‹๎€ฃ๎€บ๎‹๎€ฐ๎€ค๎€บ๎€ค๎…๎€˜๎€ท๎‹๎€พ๎…๎€ค๎€ณ
๎€ซ๎€ค๎…๎€˜๎€›๎€ท๎€ฃ๎‹๎€š๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎€”๎€๎€„๎
๎€ก๎‹๎€๎€˜๎–๎€˜๎˜๎€ง๎€ญ๎€ฝ๎‰๎˜๎€ฝ๎˜๎€ญ๎€ฏ๎‹๎€œ๎‹๎€„๎…๎€ฃ๎€˜๎€ธ๎†๎Œ๎€ด๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎๎€ž๎€ป๎€ธ
๎€Ž๎€ธ๎€ผ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎š๎๎”๎€๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎Ž
๎€“๎€—๎€Š๎€“๎€“๎‹๎€๎€…๎€„๎€Š๎€ƒ๎€๎€Œ๎‹๎€‡๎€๎€’๎€•๎€๎‹๎€ฉ๎‹๎€‡๎€๎€’๎€•๎€๎‹๎€๎€†๎€„๎€Š๎€ƒ๎€๎€Œ๎‹๎€“๎€•๎€Š๎€“๎€“๎€…๎‹๎Ž๎˜๎€ฝ๎€ญ๎‡๎€ฝ๎€ญ๎€ฟ๎€ฝ๎€ง๎€๎€Ÿ๎€ฏ๎Ž๎˜๎€ฉ๎€ฏ๎Ž๎€ฏ
ARTICLE DE REVUE ๎€ฏ๎Ž๎€ฝ
๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€˜๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€˜๎š๎”๎„๎”๎€พ๎๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎”๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎•๎”๎€ฅ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ค๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎๎š๎€ฌ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”
๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎”๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎•๎”๎€ฅ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ค๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎๎š๎€ธ๎๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€›๎”๎€ฟ๎๎•๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”
๎€›๎”๎•๎€ธ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎†๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ 
๎€ฉ๎”๎”๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎Ž๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ค๎Ž๎€ธ๎๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ฅ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€ท
๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ง๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎” ๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€˜๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎” ๎•๎ ๎†๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎Š
๎€ฉ๎”๎”๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฟ๎๎€พ๎€œ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ป๎๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€พ๎๎€ธ๎๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎๎”๎‡๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ค๎†๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€˜๎€พ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ข๎๎๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ป๎๎š๎Ž๎€ฟ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ง๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ช๎ˆ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€œ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎†๎€ฝ๎š๎๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎Ž๎•๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฟ๎๎€พ๎€œ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎€พ๎€ค๎๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎€พ๎๎€ธ๎๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฟ๎๎€พ๎€œ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ป๎๎š๎Ž๎๎”
๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎” ๎€พ๎๎€ธ๎๎”๎€˜๎š๎” ๎€Ÿ๎๎š๎Ž๎๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎” ๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎€˜๎” ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎๎š๎Ž๎๎” ๎€›๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ธ๎๎†๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€˜๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎๎๎•๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎š๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฟ๎€ง๎๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎•๎”๎๎๎š๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ฅ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎” ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎”
๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ง๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎Ž๎€ค๎†๎€ค๎•๎€ค๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ป๎š๎๎‹๎š๎๎€›๎”๎€˜๎†๎†๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ด๎๎€ค๎Ž๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎€ต๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€˜๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€ซ๎€˜๎€ธ๎๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”
๎๎š๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€›๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎๎š๎Ž๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎๎๎€พ๎€พ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
๎„๎€ฉ๎˜๎‰๎”๎€๎˜๎€ž๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎€ฟ๎๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎†๎€˜๎๎”๎Ž๎€˜๎Ž๎€ฃ๎” ๎‹๎š๎๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎๎€ธ๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎š๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ฝ๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎€ญ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฌ๎๎Ž๎•๎๎”๎•๎€ถ๎€ค๎Ž๎€˜๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎€ท
๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎Š
๎€ฉ๎”๎”๎€„๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎ก๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ข๎๎š๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”
๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎•๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎” ๎‡๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎Š๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎š๎€พ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎Ž๎€ค๎€œ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎ˆ๎Š๎” ๎€‚๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”
๎๎๎š๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎๎€ฃ๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ซ๎๎Ž๎€พ๎€ค๎๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€˜๎€พ๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”
๎๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€˜๎๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎๎š๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ธ๎•๎๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎๎”๎“๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ธ๎€ข๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎๎๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎‡๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎Š๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎” ๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎ˆ๎€ก๎”๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎”
๎๎๎š๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎†๎€˜๎๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎€พ๎€ค๎๎”๎๎†๎๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎Š
๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€˜๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€˜๎š๎” ๎˜๎” ๎€พ๎๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎€ธ๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€˜๎Ž๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€˜๎†๎†๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ค๎๎”
ยซred ๎€agsยป
๎€ก๎”๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎”๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ซ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎€›๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎š๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎€ท
๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎š๎๎€ฃ๎Š๎”๎€“๎๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎๎”๎๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ก๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎”
๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎†๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎๎€ธ๎€พ๎†๎๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎‡๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎” ๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”
๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎ ๎๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€œ๎๎Ž๎€˜๎•๎๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€˜๎š๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ค๎๎€˜๎€ฝ๎š๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎๎†๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ฎ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎€Ÿ๎Š๎ˆ๎Š๎”๎€•๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€ญ๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ฝ๎•๎€ค๎”๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€ธ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎Ž๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎€ท
๎•๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€ข๎๎€˜๎†๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎€ธ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎” ๎€ฟ๎๎š๎๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎ก๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎”
๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎š๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎‡๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎Š๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎๎ˆ๎Š๎”๎€…๎€ฟ๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎‡๎€ด๎€Š๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ฟ๎๎€˜๎€ธ๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”
๎”๎€ป๎€˜๎€พ๎€˜๎€ธ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎š๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎๎€ต๎ˆ๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
ยซred
๎€agsยป
๎€ก๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎€˜๎š๎๎๎€ธ๎”๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ซ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎๎๎€œ๎€ป๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”
๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎Š๎”๎€๎๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€˜๎€ท
๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎Ž๎๎€ฟ๎”๎’๎‰๎”๎‡๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ถ๎๎€พ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎๎ˆ๎”
๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎„๎˜๎‰๎”๎‡๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ซ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎๎ˆ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎” ๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎€œ๎š๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ซ๎€ฃ๎๎•๎€˜๎€ท
Tableau 1: ๎€๎€บ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€บ๎€ฆ๎†๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ฃ๎Œ๎‹๎€ฃ๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎‹๎€ž๎€ท๎€ด๎€บ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎
Maux de tรชte
๎€๎‘๎ƒ๎‹ ๎€Œ๎€ป๎€ž๎€˜๎€ท๎€ด๎†๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎€Ÿ๎‹๎€ž๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎…๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฃ๎Š๎€ข๎€ด๎€ซ๎€ซ๎๎†๎€ฃ๎‡๎‹๎€ž๎€ป๎€บ๎†๎Œ๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎Š๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€˜๎€บ๎€ฐ๎€ฃ๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ
๎€ƒ๎€ป๎€ธ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎ƒ ๎€ƒ๎€˜๎…๎€˜๎€ž๎Œ๎€ฆ๎…๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎€ข๎€ป๎๎€ท๎€ฃ๎๎…๎€Ÿ๎‹๎€บ๎€ป๎๎“๎€ฃ๎€ท๎€ท๎€ฃ๎Š๎€ž๎€ป๎€บ๎€บ๎๎€ฃ๎‡๎‹๎€พ๎๎€ท๎†๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎“๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎€บ๎€ž๎€ด๎€บ๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€พ๎€ฃ๎†๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€›๎…๎๎€ท๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎Œ๎€ด๎…๎€˜๎€ด๎€ท๎€ท๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€ ๎€จ
๎€‘๎๎€ฃ๎€ท๎€ท๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ด๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎†๎€ด๎Œ๎€ค๎ƒ๎€Ž๎€’๎€“๎‹๎˜๎€ฉ๎€ฝ๎˜๎Š๎€ฝ๎˜
๎€‘๎๎€˜๎€บ๎€ข๎ƒ ๎€‡๎€˜๎€ž๎Œ๎€ฃ๎๎…๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ค๎€ž๎€ท๎€ฃ๎€บ๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎†๎€ ๎‹๎€ž๎€ป๎€บ๎€ข๎€ด๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎†๎๎…๎“๎€ฃ๎€บ๎๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€พ๎€˜๎…๎‹๎€ฃ๎•๎๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎€บ๎๎€ด๎Œ๎€ ๎‹๎Œ๎€ผ๎Œ๎‹๎€ท๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ธ๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€บ๎€ ๎‹๎€ฃ๎€บ๎‹๎†๎€ด๎Œ๎๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎‹
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎’๎†๎Œ๎…๎€ฃ๎†๎†๎€ ๎‹๎€˜๎๎‹๎Œ๎€ป๎๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€ฃ๎…
๎€„๎€ฃ๎€พ๎๎€ด๎†๎‹๎‚๎๎€˜๎€บ๎€ข๎ƒ
๎€๎€ฃ๎€บ๎€ข๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎‹๎€ž๎€ป๎€ธ๎€›๎€ด๎€ฃ๎€บ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€พ๎†๎ƒ๎€„๎๎…๎€ค๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ž๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฒ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ค๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎Š๎‹๎€ข๎„๎๎€บ๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ž๎…๎€ด๎†๎€ฃ
๎€๎‹๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎€ท๎€ท๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ซ๎…๎€ค๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎€บ๎€ž๎€ฃ๎ƒ ๎€…๎€พ๎€ด๎†๎€ป๎€ข๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎Š๎€ž๎€ฒ๎…๎€ป๎€บ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎‡๎‹๎€ซ๎…๎€ค๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎€บ๎€ž๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ค๎€พ๎€ด๎†๎€ป๎€ข๎€ฃ๎†๎‡๎‹๎€บ๎€ป๎€ธ๎€›๎…๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ต๎€ป๎๎…๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ž๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฒ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ค๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€พ๎€˜๎…๎‹๎€ธ๎€ป๎€ด๎†
๎€…๎“๎€ป๎€ท๎๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎ƒ๎€…๎“๎€ป๎€ท๎๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€พ๎๎€ด๎†๎‹๎€ท๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎€ค๎€›๎๎Œ๎‡๎‹๎€ค๎“๎€ป๎€ท๎๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎‹๎€ข๎„๎๎€บ๎‹๎€ค๎€พ๎€ด๎†๎€ป๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‡๎‹๎€ข๎๎…๎€ค๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ต๎๎†๎‚๎๎„๎€š๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎€ข๎€ป๎๎€ท๎€ฃ๎๎…๎‹๎€ธ๎€˜๎•๎€ด๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฃ
๎€“๎–๎€ธ๎€พ๎Œ๎€ผ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€˜๎†๎†๎€ป๎€ž๎€ด๎€ค๎†๎ƒ๎€๎๎…๎€˜๎‹๎€ฟ๎†๎€ž๎€ป๎Œ๎€ป๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎‹๎†๎€ž๎€ด๎€บ๎Œ๎€ด๎€ท๎€ท๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎€ ๎‹๎Œ๎…๎€ป๎๎€›๎€ท๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎†๎€ฃ๎€บ๎†๎€ด๎€›๎€ด๎€ท๎€ด๎Œ๎€ค๎€ ๎‹๎€ข๎–๎†๎€พ๎€ฒ๎€˜๎†๎€ด๎€ฃ๎€๎‡๎‹๎†๎–๎€ธ๎€พ๎Œ๎€ผ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎“๎€ค๎€ฐ๎€ค๎Œ๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ซ๎†๎‹
๎‹๎€ฟ๎€บ๎€˜๎๎†๎€ค๎€ฃ๎†๎€ ๎’๎“๎€ป๎€ธ๎€ด๎†๎†๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎†๎€๎Š๎€˜๎๎Œ๎€ป๎€บ๎€ป๎€ธ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ฟ๎€ž๎€ซ๎๎‹๎Œ๎€ฃ๎•๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€๎‡๎‹๎€˜๎๎Œ๎…๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎†๎–๎€ธ๎€พ๎Œ๎€ผ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€บ๎€ฃ๎๎…๎€ป๎€ท๎€ป๎€ฐ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎‹
๎€ฟ๎€พ๎€˜๎…๎‹๎€ฃ๎•๎๎‹๎€พ๎€˜๎…๎€ค๎†๎€ด๎€ฃ๎†๎€ ๎‹๎“๎€ฃ๎…๎Œ๎€ด๎€ฐ๎€ฃ๎†๎€๎‡๎‹๎†๎–๎€ธ๎€พ๎Œ๎€ผ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎†๎–๎†๎Œ๎€ค๎€ธ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ฟ๎€ฌ๎€ฆ๎“๎…๎€ฃ๎€๎‹
๎€‡๎€˜๎€ž๎Œ๎€ฃ๎๎…๎†๎‹๎€˜๎€ฐ๎€ฐ๎…๎€˜๎“๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎†๎‹๎€ป๎๎‹
๎€˜๎Œ๎Œ๎€ค๎€บ๎๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎†๎ƒ
๎€๎€ฃ๎€บ๎†๎Œ๎…๎๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎€ ๎‹๎€ž๎€ฃ๎…๎Œ๎€˜๎€ด๎€บ๎†๎‹๎€ธ๎€ป๎๎“๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎†๎€ ๎‹๎€พ๎€ป๎†๎€ด๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎‹๎€ž๎€ป๎๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎‹๎Š๎‹๎€พ๎€ป๎†๎€ด๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€›๎€ป๎๎Œ๎€ ๎‹๎€ธ๎€™๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€ฃ๎…๎€ ๎‹๎€ธ๎€˜๎€บ๎€ฐ๎€ฃ๎…๎€ ๎‹
๎€ข๎€ค๎€ฐ๎€ท๎๎Œ๎€ด๎…๎๎‹๎€Š๎€บ๎€ฎ๎๎€ฃ๎€บ๎€ž๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎€ท๎๎€ธ๎€ด๎€ฆ๎…๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€ข๎๎‹๎€›๎…๎๎€ด๎Œ๎€ ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ท๎„๎€˜๎€ท๎€ž๎€ป๎€ป๎€ท๎€ ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ž๎€ป๎€บ๎Œ๎…๎€˜๎€ด๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€พ๎€ฒ๎–๎†๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†๎Š๎€พ๎†๎–๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†๎€ ๎‹๎‹
๎€ข๎๎‹๎†๎€ด๎€ท๎€ฃ๎€บ๎€ž๎€ฃ
๎€Œ๎€ด๎€ธ๎€ด๎Œ๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎†๎‹๎…๎€ค๎†๎๎€ท๎Œ๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎†๎ƒ๎‹ ๎€”๎…๎€˜๎“๎€˜๎€ด๎€ท๎€ ๎‹๎€˜๎€ž๎Œ๎€ด๎“๎€ด๎Œ๎€ค๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎“๎€ด๎€ฃ๎‹๎‚๎๎€ป๎Œ๎€ด๎€ข๎€ด๎€ฃ๎€บ๎€บ๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ฟ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€พ๎†๎‹๎€ท๎€ด๎€›๎…๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎†๎€พ๎€ป๎…๎Œ๎€ ๎€จ๎€
Anamnรจse รฉtendue
๎€๎€บ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€บ๎€ฆ๎†๎€ฃ๎‹๎€พ๎€ฃ๎…๎†๎€ป๎€บ๎€บ๎€ฃ๎€ท๎€ท๎€ฃ ๎€”๎…๎€˜๎๎€ธ๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎†๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ž๎…๎€™๎€บ๎€ด๎€ป๎€ณ๎€ž๎€ค๎…๎€ค๎€›๎…๎€˜๎๎•๎€ ๎‹๎€๎€’๎€Œ๎Š๎€ป๎€พ๎€ฒ๎Œ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ธ๎€ป๎€ท๎€ป๎€ฐ๎€ด๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€ธ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ด๎€ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎†๎€ ๎‹๎€˜๎€ฐ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎†๎‹๎€บ๎€ป๎€ž๎€ด๎€ซ๎†๎€ ๎‹
๎‹๎€ด๎€ธ๎€ธ๎๎€บ๎€ป๎†๎๎€พ๎€พ๎…๎€ฃ๎†๎†๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ
๎€๎€บ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€บ๎€ฆ๎†๎€ฃ๎‹๎†๎–๎†๎Œ๎€ค๎€ธ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎‹๎€๎†๎–๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€ด๎€˜๎Œ๎…๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€ซ๎€˜๎€ž๎Œ๎€ฃ๎๎…๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎…๎€ด๎†๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ž๎€˜๎…๎€ข๎€ด๎€ป๎“๎€˜๎†๎€ž๎๎€ท๎€˜๎€ด๎…๎€ฃ๎†๎€ ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ธ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€ž๎€ด๎€บ๎‹๎€ด๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎…๎€บ๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎…๎€ฒ๎๎€ธ๎€˜๎Œ๎€ป๎€ท๎€ป๎€ฐ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†๎๎‹
๎€“๎€ป๎€ธ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ด๎€ท๎€ ๎‹๎†๎–๎€ธ๎€พ๎Œ๎€ผ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€‚๎‹๎€ฟ๎€พ๎€ป๎€ด๎€ข๎†๎€ ๎‹๎†๎๎€ฃ๎๎…๎†๎‹๎€บ๎€ป๎€ž๎Œ๎๎…๎€บ๎€ฃ๎†๎€ ๎‹๎€ฌ๎€ฆ๎“๎…๎€ฃ๎€๎€ ๎‹๎Œ๎๎€ธ๎€ค๎€ซ๎€˜๎€ž๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎‹๎€ฐ๎€˜๎€บ๎€ฐ๎€ท๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎€บ๎€˜๎€ด๎…๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€ฐ๎…๎€ป๎†๎†๎€ฃ๎†๎†๎€ฃ
๎€๎€บ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€บ๎€ฆ๎†๎€ฃ๎‹๎†๎€ป๎€ž๎€ด๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ƒ๎€ป๎€บ๎€ฎ๎€ด๎Œ๎†๎€ ๎‹๎€ž๎€ป๎๎€พ๎€ท๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€ท๎€ด๎€ฃ๎๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎Œ๎…๎€˜๎“๎€˜๎€ด๎€ท
๎€๎€บ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€บ๎€ฆ๎†๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ซ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ด๎€ท๎€ด๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฃ
๎€๎€บ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€บ๎€ฆ๎†๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎„๎๎€บ๎€ฃ๎‹๎Œ๎€ด๎€ฃ๎…๎€ž๎€ฃ๎‹
๎€พ๎€ฃ๎…๎†๎€ป๎€บ๎€บ๎€ฃ
๎€‚๎€ด๎—๎€˜๎…๎…๎€ฃ๎…๎€ด๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ž๎€ป๎€ธ๎€พ๎€ป๎…๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฃ๎†๎€ ๎‹๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€˜๎€บ๎€ฐ๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€พ๎€ฃ๎…๎†๎€ป๎€บ๎€บ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ด๎Œ๎€ค
๎€”๎…๎€˜๎€ด๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎‹๎€ต๎๎†๎‚๎๎„๎€š๎‹๎€ž๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ต๎€ป๎๎…๎€๎€ค๎€ข๎€ด๎€ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎๎•๎‹๎€ฃ๎Œ๎‹๎€บ๎€ป๎€บ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ด๎€ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎๎•๎‡๎‹๎€˜๎€ด๎€ฐ๎๎‹๎€ฃ๎Œ๎‹๎€พ๎…๎€ป๎€พ๎€ฒ๎–๎€ท๎€˜๎€ž๎Œ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎‡๎‹๎€ฃ๎€ซ๎€ซ๎€ฃ๎Œ๎†๎‹๎€ฃ๎Œ๎‹๎€ฃ๎€ซ๎€ซ๎€ฃ๎Œ๎†๎‹๎€ด๎€บ๎€ข๎€ค๎†๎€ด๎…๎€˜๎€›๎€ท๎€ฃ๎†
๎€…๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎†๎‹๎€ž๎€ป๎€ธ๎€พ๎€ท๎€ค๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎€˜๎€ด๎…๎€ฃ๎†๎‹
๎…๎€ค๎€˜๎€ท๎€ด๎†๎€ค๎†๎‹๎€ต๎๎†๎‚๎๎„๎€š๎‹๎€ž๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ต๎€ป๎๎…
๎€…๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎„๎€ด๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ฐ๎€ฃ๎…๎€ด๎€ฃ๎ƒ๎‹๎€๎€บ๎€˜๎€ท๎–๎†๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎€›๎€ป๎…๎€˜๎Œ๎€ป๎€ด๎…๎€ฃ๎ƒ๎‹๎€๎€ค๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€ž๎€ด๎€บ๎†๎‹๎†๎€พ๎€ค๎€ž๎€ด๎€˜๎€ท๎€ด๎†๎Œ๎€ฃ๎†๎ƒ
๎€”๎…๎€˜๎€ด๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎‹๎€˜๎€ž๎Œ๎๎€ฃ๎€ท๎€‘๎๎€ฃ๎€ท๎†๎‹๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฐ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†๎ƒ๎‹๎€‘๎๎€ฃ๎€ท๎‹๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฐ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ฃ๎Œ๎‹๎€ž๎€ป๎€ธ๎€›๎€ด๎€ฃ๎€บ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ต๎€ป๎๎…๎†๎‹๎€พ๎€˜๎…๎‹๎€ธ๎€ป๎€ด๎†๎ƒ๎‹๎€‘๎๎€ฃ๎€ท๎€ท๎€ฃ๎‹๎Œ๎€ฒ๎€ค๎…๎€˜๎€พ๎€ด๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€›๎€˜๎†๎€ฃ๎ƒ
๎€…๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎‹๎€ž๎€ท๎€ด๎€บ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎€“๎Œ๎€˜๎Œ๎๎Œ๎‹๎€บ๎€ฃ๎๎…๎€ป๎€ท๎€ป๎€ฐ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎๎‹๎€…๎Œ๎‹๎Œ๎€ป๎๎€ต๎€ป๎๎…๎†๎€Ÿ๎‹๎€พ๎…๎€ฃ๎†๎†๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎‹๎†๎€˜๎€บ๎€ฐ๎๎€ด๎€บ๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€˜๎€ž๎๎€ด๎Œ๎€ค๎‹๎“๎€ด๎†๎๎€ฃ๎€ท๎€ท๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€ป๎€พ๎€ฒ๎Œ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ธ๎€ป๎†๎€ž๎€ป๎€พ๎€ด๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹
๎‹๎€ธ๎๎†๎€ž๎๎€ท๎€˜๎Œ๎๎…๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎€บ๎๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€˜๎…๎Œ๎€ฆ๎…๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€พ๎€ป๎…๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฃ๎†๎€ ๎‹๎€˜๎…๎Œ๎€ด๎€ž๎๎€ท๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎‹๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€พ๎€ป๎…๎€ป๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€˜๎€บ๎€ข๎€ด๎€›๎๎€ท๎€˜๎€ด๎…๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎‹
๎€ฐ๎€˜๎€บ๎€ฐ๎€ท๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎†๎‹๎€ž๎€ฃ๎…๎“๎€ด๎€ž๎€˜๎๎•๎€ ๎‹๎€ด๎€บ๎†๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ž๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎€›๎€ป๎๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎†๎Œ๎€˜๎Œ๎๎Œ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎€˜๎€ด๎…๎€ฃ
๎€Ž๎€’๎€“๎€Ÿ๎‹๎€Ž๎๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎…๎€ด๎€ž๎€˜๎€ท๎‹๎€’๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€บ๎€ฐ๎‹๎€“๎€ž๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฃ
๎€“๎€—๎€Š๎€“๎€“๎‹๎€๎€…๎€„๎€Š๎€ƒ๎€๎€Œ๎‹๎€‡๎€๎€’๎€•๎€๎‹๎€ฉ๎‹๎€‡๎€๎€’๎€•๎€๎‹๎€๎€†๎€„๎€Š๎€ƒ๎€๎€Œ๎‹๎€“๎€•๎€Š๎€“๎€“๎€…๎‹๎Ž๎˜๎€ฝ๎€ญ๎‡๎€ฝ๎€ญ๎€ฟ๎€ฝ๎€ง๎€๎€Ÿ๎€ฏ๎Ž๎˜๎€ฉ๎€ฏ๎Ž๎€ฏ
ARTICLE DE REVUE ๎€ฏ๎Ž๎Ž
๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎•๎ ๎†๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€›๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎†๎š๎€œ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎•๎€ค๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎†๎Ž๎๎€œ๎€˜๎€œ๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎”๎‹๎š๎๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”
๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ÿ๎” ๎๎๎š๎€ฌ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎š๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ซ๎๎Ž๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎” ๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€˜๎”๎๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎•๎Ž๎€ง๎๎”๎€ธ๎€พ๎†๎๎Ž๎•๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ช
Classi๎€•cation des maux de tรชte
๎€๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ท๎˜๎ข๎„๎–๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”
International Headache Society
๎‡๎€‰๎€ˆ๎€“๎ˆ๎”๎€˜๎”
๎†๎š๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ค๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ฟ๎๎š๎๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎๎๎€ธ๎€ฎ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎‡
In-
ternational Classi๎€cation of Headache Disorders III-beta
๎€ก๎”
๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎๎š๎€ฝ๎•๎€˜๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎•๎š๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎ž๎ž๎ž๎Š๎€ธ๎€ถ๎๎€ท๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎๎๎€ธ๎€ฎ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎Š
๎๎Ž๎€ณ๎ˆ๎”๎€๎–๎€ž๎Š๎”๎€Ž๎๎š๎๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎๎€ฟ๎๎”๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎•๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎๎๎€ธ๎€ฎ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎•๎Ž๎€ง๎๎”
๎š๎•๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎‹๎š๎๎•๎€ธ๎€ข๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ ๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€พ๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ฟ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎๎€ฃ๎š๎€ท
๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€ค๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ฎ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎Ž๎€ธ๎•๎€ง๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎๎๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎€ก๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎€ธ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”
๎๎€ฌ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ค๎€ณ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ฟ๎๎€พ๎€œ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎š๎๎€ฃ๎๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€˜๎Ž๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎” ๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎€ท
๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎š๎๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎•๎Ž๎š๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎๎”๎†๎๎Ž๎•๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎๎š๎Ž๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎†๎Ž๎๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ง๎€พ๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎”
๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎š๎Ž๎€ณ๎€ธ๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎๎Ž๎๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎†๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎๎๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎Š๎”๎€ƒ๎๎€พ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎š๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎€˜๎๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎๎๎€ธ๎€ฎ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”
๎€ข๎€ธ๎๎•๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ณ๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎‡๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎๎€ก๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎€ก๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎•๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ณ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎€ท๎€˜๎š๎•๎๎€ฟ๎๎€พ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€ฃ๎•๎”
๎€˜๎š๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎ˆ๎€ก๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”
๎€ฟ๎€ค๎๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎Ž๎€™๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎๎Š
Diagnostic des maux de tรชte
Durรฉe et frรฉquence
๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎†๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎†๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎๎๎•๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎”
๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ข๎š๎Ž๎€ค๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎” ๎€ซ๎Ž๎€ค๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎๎€˜๎€ท
๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎Š๎” ๎€ด๎€„๎š๎Ž๎€ค๎€ฃ๎€ต๎” ๎๎€ธ๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ฎ๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ข๎š๎Ž๎€ค๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎€ค๎†๎€ธ๎๎๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎๎๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎” ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎•๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ฟ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎” ๎๎š๎”๎€œ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎” ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎•๎”๎†๎€˜๎๎”๎€ฅ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎” ๎๎š๎€ญ๎๎€˜๎€พ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”
๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎Š๎”๎€“๎€ธ๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎š๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎๎€ฃ๎”๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ข๎š๎Ž๎€ค๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎๎๎€พ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎š๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€›๎”
๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ข๎š๎Ž๎€ค๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ค๎†๎€ธ๎๎๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎€ซ๎๎Ž๎€พ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€›๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎Š๎”
๎€Œ๎€˜๎”๎€ฎ๎€ณ๎š๎Ž๎€ฃ๎” ๎„๎” ๎€พ๎๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎” ๎€ข๎š๎Ž๎€ค๎€ฃ๎” ๎•๎ ๎†๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€ฌ๎€ค๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”
๎•๎ ๎†๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎Š
๎€Œ๎€˜๎”๎€ฎ๎€ณ๎š๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎˜๎”๎€พ๎๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ซ๎Ž๎€ค๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€ฌ๎€ค๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎•๎ ๎†๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎Š๎”๎€ƒ๎๎€พ๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ฎ๎€ณ๎š๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎€ท
๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ค๎€พ๎€˜๎” ๎๎€ธ๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎Š๎”๎€–๎๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎” ๎Ž๎€ง๎€ณ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ข๎๎๎Ž๎€ ๎” ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎€ฟ๎€ค๎๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€œ๎Ž๎€ง๎๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎๎š๎Ž๎๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ซ๎Ž๎€ค๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”
๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎•๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ณ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎€ท๎€˜๎š๎•๎๎€ฟ๎๎€พ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎š๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎”
๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎”๎†๎€ฝ๎š๎๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ฟ๎€ณ๎•๎€ฃ๎€พ๎†๎๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎€ธ๎๎”๎๎š๎Ž๎๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎”๎€พ๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎”
๎๎๎š๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€˜๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎š๎Ž๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ซ๎Ž๎€ค๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎•๎Ž๎€ง๎๎”๎๎€˜๎Ž๎€ธ๎€˜๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎Š
Intensitรฉ
๎€Œ๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎‡๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
๎ข๎”๎€›๎”๎„๎ข๎ˆ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎€ก๎”๎€œ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎š๎€ก๎”๎•๎Ž๎€ง๎๎”๎๎š๎€œ๎€ป๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎•๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ณ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎€ท๎€˜๎š๎•๎๎€ฟ๎๎€พ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฟ๎€ค๎๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€˜๎•๎•๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”
๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€ณ๎€ค๎€ฟ๎€ค๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎†๎€ฝ๎š๎๎”๎€ค๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎€ค๎€ฃ๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎€˜๎๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ท
๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ซ๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”
(cluster headache)
๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎”๎€ฟ๎๎€พ๎€พ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”
ยซ
suicide headache
ยป๎”๎‡๎€ด๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ข๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ต๎ˆ๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ณ๎š๎€ฃ๎”
๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ณ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎Š๎” ๎€…๎€ฟ๎”๎€ณ๎€ค๎€ฟ๎€ค๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ก๎” ๎€ฝ๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎” ๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ฟ๎๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎†๎€˜๎๎”๎†๎Ž๎๎†๎๎Ž๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€›๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎๎๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎š๎๎€ฃ๎Š
Tableau 2:๎‹ยซRed ๎€…agsยป๎‹๎€ธ๎€ด๎†๎‹๎€ฃ๎€บ๎‹๎€ค๎“๎€ด๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€บ๎€ž๎€ฃ๎‹๎€พ๎€˜๎…๎‹๎€ท๎„๎€˜๎€บ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€บ๎€ฆ๎†๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ฃ๎Œ๎‹๎€ท๎„๎€ฃ๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎‹๎€ž๎€ท๎€ด๎€บ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎
Anamnรจse
๎€Ž๎€ป๎๎“๎€ฃ๎€˜๎๎‹๎Œ๎–๎€พ๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ž๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฒ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ค๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ฟ๎‚๎๎€˜๎€ท๎€ด๎Œ๎€ค๎€ ๎‹๎€ด๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎†๎€ด๎Œ๎€ค๎€
๎€“๎๎…๎“๎€ฃ๎€บ๎๎€ฃ๎‹๎†๎€ป๎๎€ข๎€˜๎€ด๎€บ๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€ด๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎†๎€ด๎Œ๎€ค๎‹๎€ธ๎€˜๎•๎€ด๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ด๎€ธ๎€ธ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ด๎€˜๎Œ๎€ฃ
๎€”๎…๎€˜๎๎€ธ๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎†๎€ธ๎€ฃ
๎€”๎…๎€ป๎๎€›๎€ท๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎€ž๎€ป๎€บ๎†๎€ž๎€ด๎€ฃ๎€บ๎€ž๎€ฃ
๎€„๎€ค๎€ฌ๎€ž๎€ด๎Œ๎†๎‹๎€บ๎€ฃ๎๎…๎€ป๎€ท๎€ป๎€ฐ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†๎Š๎€บ๎€ฃ๎๎…๎€ป๎€พ๎†๎–๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€ป๎€ท๎€ป๎€ฐ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†๎€ ๎‹๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€˜๎€บ๎€ฐ๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ท๎„๎€ฅ๎Œ๎…๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ธ๎€ฅ๎€ธ๎€ฃ
๎€ƒ๎…๎€ด๎†๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ค๎€พ๎€ด๎€ท๎€ฃ๎€พ๎Œ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†
๎€–๎€ป๎€ธ๎€ด๎†๎†๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎†
๎€๎€ป๎€ข๎€ด๎€ฌ๎€ž๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ž๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฒ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ค๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€พ๎…๎€ค๎€ฃ๎•๎€ด๎†๎Œ๎€˜๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎†
๎€๎…๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ด๎€ฆ๎…๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ธ๎€˜๎€บ๎€ด๎€ซ๎€ฃ๎†๎Œ๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎‹๎€ฑ๎€ญ๎˜๎‹๎€˜๎€บ๎†
๎€Š๎€ธ๎€ธ๎๎€บ๎€ป๎†๎๎€พ๎€พ๎…๎€ฃ๎†๎†๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ
๎€ˆ๎…๎€ป๎†๎†๎€ฃ๎†๎†๎€ฃ
Examen clinique
๎€‡๎€ด๎€ฆ๎“๎…๎€ฃ
๎€๎€ค๎€บ๎€ด๎€บ๎€ฐ๎€ด๎†๎€ธ๎€ฃ
๎€‚๎€˜๎€ด๎†๎†๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎“๎€ด๎€ฐ๎€ด๎€ท๎€˜๎€บ๎€ž๎€ฃ
๎€„๎€ค๎€ฌ๎€ž๎€ด๎Œ๎†๎‹๎€บ๎€ฃ๎๎…๎€ป๎€ท๎€ป๎€ฐ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†๎Š๎€บ๎€ฃ๎๎…๎€ป๎€พ๎†๎–๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€ป๎€ท๎€ป๎€ฐ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ฟ๎€พ๎€˜๎…๎‹๎€ฃ๎•๎๎‹๎€พ๎€˜๎…๎€ค๎†๎€ด๎€ฃ๎†๎€ ๎‹๎Œ๎…๎€ป๎๎€›๎€ท๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎†๎€ฃ๎€บ๎†๎€ด๎€›๎€ด๎€ท๎€ด๎Œ๎€ค๎€ ๎‹
๎€˜๎Œ๎€˜๎•๎€ด๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฒ๎€˜๎†๎€ด๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎…๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎€ด๎†๎†๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎‹๎€พ๎†๎–๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€ป๎€ธ๎€ป๎Œ๎€ฃ๎๎…๎€
๎€…๎Œ๎€˜๎Œ๎‹๎€ฐ๎€ค๎€บ๎€ค๎…๎€˜๎€ท๎‹๎€ซ๎€ป๎…๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎‹๎…๎€ค๎€ข๎๎€ด๎Œ๎€ ๎‹๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ท๎€˜๎€ด๎†๎€ฃ
๎€…๎€พ๎€ด๎†๎€ป๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ฒ๎–๎€พ๎€ฃ๎…๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎†๎€ด๎€ซ๎‹๎€ฟ๎€ฑ๎€ฝ๎€ง๎˜๎Š๎€ฝ๎Ž๎˜๎‹๎€ธ๎€ธ๎‹๎€‰๎€ฐ๎€
Figure 1:๎‹๎€„๎๎…๎€ค๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ด๎€ซ๎€ซ๎€ค๎…๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎†๎‹๎Œ๎–๎€พ๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ธ๎€˜๎๎•๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎Œ๎€ฅ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎๎‹๎€“๎€•๎€Ž๎€๎‹๎€ช๎‹๎†๎€ฒ๎€ป๎…๎Œ๎€ณ๎€ท๎€˜๎†๎Œ๎€ด๎€บ๎€ฐ๎‹๎๎€บ๎€ด๎€ท๎€˜๎Œ๎€ฃ๎…๎€˜๎€ท๎‹
๎€บ๎€ฃ๎๎…๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฐ๎€ด๎€ซ๎€ป๎…๎€ธ๎‹๎€ฒ๎€ฃ๎€˜๎€ข๎€˜๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€ฃ๎‹๎€˜๎Œ๎Œ๎€˜๎€ž๎€ถ๎†๎‹๎”๎€ด๎Œ๎€ฒ๎‹๎€ž๎…๎€˜๎€บ๎€ด๎€˜๎€ท๎‹๎€˜๎๎Œ๎€ป๎€บ๎€ป๎€ธ๎€ด๎€ž๎‹๎†๎–๎€ธ๎€พ๎Œ๎€ป๎€ธ๎†๎
๎€Ž๎€ค๎“๎…๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฐ๎€ด๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎๎‹๎Œ๎…๎€ด๎€ต๎๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€˜๎๎‹๎€ฟ๎€ฝ๎€ฉ๎€ฝ๎Ž๎˜๎‹๎†๎€ฃ๎€ž๎€
๎€ƒ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฒ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ค๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎†๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎‹๎‹
๎‹๎‹๎€ฟ๎๎˜๎‹๎€ธ๎€ด๎€บ๎‹๎€š๎‹๎€พ๎€ท๎๎†๎€ด๎€ฃ๎๎…๎†๎‹๎€ต๎€ป๎๎…๎†๎€
๎€๎€ท๎€ฐ๎€ด๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎“๎€˜๎†๎€ž๎๎€ท๎€˜๎€ด๎…๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹๎€ซ๎€˜๎€ž๎€ฃ๎‹๎‹ ๎‹
๎‹๎‹๎€ฟ๎€ฝ๎€ญ๎€ฉ๎€ฝ๎€ง๎˜๎‹๎€ธ๎€ด๎€บ๎€
๎€๎€ด๎€ฐ๎…๎€˜๎€ด๎€บ๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ฟ๎€ฏ๎€ฉ๎ˆ๎Ž๎‹๎€ฒ๎€
๎€‰๎€ค๎€ธ๎€ด๎€ž๎…๎€™๎€บ๎€ด๎€ฃ๎‹๎€พ๎€˜๎…๎€ป๎•๎–๎†๎Œ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ฟ๎Ž๎€ฉ๎๎˜๎‹๎€ธ๎€ด๎€บ๎€
๎€“๎€•๎€Ž๎€๎‹๎€ฟ๎€ฝ๎€ฉ๎‰๎˜๎˜๎‹๎†๎€ฃ๎€ž๎€
๎€ƒ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฒ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ค๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎Œ๎…๎€ด๎€ฐ๎€ค๎€ธ๎€ด๎€บ๎€ป๎€ณ๎€˜๎๎Œ๎€ป๎€บ๎€ป๎€ธ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†
๎€“๎€ฃ๎€ž๎€ป๎€บ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎† ๎€๎€ด๎€บ๎๎Œ๎€ฃ๎†๎€‰๎€ฃ๎๎…๎€ฃ๎†๎€‹๎€ป๎๎…๎†
Figure 2:๎‹๎€‡๎…๎€ค๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎€บ๎€ž๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ด๎€ซ๎€ซ๎€ค๎…๎€ฃ๎€บ๎Œ๎†๎‹๎Œ๎–๎€พ๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ธ๎€˜๎๎•๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎Œ๎€ฅ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎๎‹๎€“๎€•๎€Ž๎€๎‹๎€ช๎‹๎†๎€ฒ๎€ป๎…๎Œ๎€ณ๎€ท๎€˜๎†๎Œ๎€ด๎€บ๎€ฐ๎‹
๎‹๎๎€บ๎€ด๎€ท๎€˜๎Œ๎€ฃ๎…๎€˜๎€ท๎‹๎€บ๎€ฃ๎๎…๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฐ๎€ด๎€ซ๎€ป๎…๎€ธ๎‹๎€ฒ๎€ฃ๎€˜๎€ข๎€˜๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€ฃ๎‹๎€˜๎Œ๎Œ๎€˜๎€ž๎€ถ๎†๎‹๎”๎€ด๎Œ๎€ฒ๎‹๎€ž๎…๎€˜๎€บ๎€ด๎€˜๎€ท๎‹๎€˜๎๎Œ๎€ป๎€บ๎€ป๎€ธ๎€ด๎€ž๎‹๎†๎–๎€ธ๎€พ๎Œ๎€ป๎€ธ๎†๎
๎€ƒ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฒ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ค๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎Œ๎…๎€ด๎€ฐ๎€ค๎€ธ๎€ด๎€บ๎€ป๎€ณ๎€˜๎๎Œ๎€ป๎€บ๎€ป๎€ธ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎†
๎€Ž๎€ค๎“๎…๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฐ๎€ด๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ข๎๎‹๎Œ๎…๎€ด๎€ต๎๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€˜๎๎‹๎€ฟ๎€ต๎๎†๎‚๎๎„๎€š๎‹๎€ฝ๎˜๎˜๎€น๎Š๎€ต๎€
๎€๎€ด๎€ฐ๎…๎€˜๎€ด๎€บ๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ฟ๎“๎€˜๎…๎€ด๎€˜๎€›๎€ท๎€ฃ๎€ ๎‹๎€พ๎€ท๎๎†๎€ด๎€ฃ๎๎…๎†๎‹๎€ซ๎€ป๎€ด๎†๎‹๎€พ๎€˜๎…๎‹๎€ธ๎€ป๎€ด๎†๎€
๎€ƒ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฒ๎€˜๎€ท๎€ค๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎Œ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎†๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎‹๎€ฟ๎Œ๎…๎€ฆ๎†๎‹๎“๎€˜๎…๎€ด๎€˜๎€›๎€ท๎€ฃ๎€
๎€“๎€•๎€Ž๎€๎‹๎€ฟ๎€ฑ๎€ฝ๎Š๎€ต๎€
๎€๎€ท๎€ฐ๎€ด๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎“๎€˜๎†๎€ž๎๎€ท๎€˜๎€ด๎…๎€ฃ๎†๎‹๎€ข๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ท๎€˜๎‹
๎€ซ๎€˜๎€ž๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ฟ๎€ต๎๎†๎‚๎๎„๎€š๎‹๎€ง๎•๎Š๎€ต๎€
๎€‰๎€ค๎€ธ๎€ด๎€ž๎…๎€™๎€บ๎€ด๎€ฃ๎‹๎€พ๎€˜๎…๎€ป๎•๎–๎†๎Œ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ฟ๎€ฑ๎€ญ๎•๎Š๎€ต๎€
๎€ฝ๎˜๎˜๎€น
๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€บ๎†๎๎€ฃ๎€ท๎€ท๎€ฃ
๎€พ๎€ท๎๎†๎€ด๎€ฃ๎๎…๎†๎‹๎€ซ๎€ป๎€ด๎†๎‹
๎‚๎๎€ป๎Œ๎€ด๎€ข๎€ด๎€ฃ๎€บ๎€บ๎€ฃ
๎€“๎€—๎€Š๎€“๎€“๎‹๎€๎€…๎€„๎€Š๎€ƒ๎€๎€Œ๎‹๎€‡๎€๎€’๎€•๎€๎‹๎€ฉ๎‹๎€‡๎€๎€’๎€•๎€๎‹๎€๎€†๎€„๎€Š๎€ƒ๎€๎€Œ๎‹๎€“๎€•๎€Š๎€“๎€“๎€…๎‹๎Ž๎˜๎€ฝ๎€ญ๎‡๎€ฝ๎€ญ๎€ฟ๎€ฝ๎€ง๎€๎€Ÿ๎€ฏ๎Ž๎˜๎€ฉ๎€ฏ๎Ž๎€ฏ
ARTICLE DE REVUE ๎€ฏ๎Ž๎
Localisation
๎€Œ๎€˜๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎Ž๎€ธ๎•๎€ง๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎๎๎€ท
๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฟ๎€ค๎๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎๎€ท
๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ถ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎๎š๎Ž๎๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎ก๎๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎๎•๎Ž๎€ธ๎€œ๎š๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎” ๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ซ๎” ๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎•๎€ธ๎€ซ๎€ก๎” ๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฃ๎๎•๎€ท๎€›๎€ท๎€ข๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎”
๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎ก๎๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎Ž๎€ง๎๎”๎Ž๎€ค๎€ข๎š๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎Š๎”๎€…๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎”๎€ข๎๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎€˜๎๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”
๎€ซ๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎•๎Ž๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎•๎€ค๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎€ก๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ท
๎†๎๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎“๎†๎€ค๎Ž๎€ธ๎๎Ž๎€œ๎€ธ๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎” ๎€ณ๎€ค๎€ฟ๎€ค๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎•๎๎š๎€ป๎๎š๎Ž๎๎” ๎€ข๎š๎”
๎€พ๎€ฅ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎‚๎•๎€ค๎Š๎”๎€๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎€ฃ๎Ž๎๎€ฃ๎€ก๎” ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎” ๎‡๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”
๎€พ๎๎•๎” ๎€ด๎€ถ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎Ž๎€™๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ต๎ˆ๎” ๎€ฃ๎๎•๎” ๎€œ๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎•๎€ค๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎” ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎Š๎”๎–๎ข๎‰๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎•๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎‚๎•๎€ค๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎Ž๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€›๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€˜๎š๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎Š
Symptรดmes associรฉs
๎€•๎€ฟ๎”๎€˜๎š๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎๎š๎Ž๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎๎ ๎€พ๎†๎•๎‚๎€พ๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎€˜๎๎๎๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ค๎๎€ ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎ ๎€พ๎†๎•๎‚๎€พ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎€ค๎€ณ๎€ค๎•๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ซ๎๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎๎”๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฟ๎€˜๎š๎€ท
๎๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎š๎” ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎๎๎€พ๎€ธ๎๎๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”
๎‡๎๎š๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ช๎ˆ๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€˜๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€ธ๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎€ข๎€ธ๎•๎๎”๎•๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ณ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎€ท๎€˜๎š๎•๎๎€ฟ๎๎€พ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎”๎‡๎Ž๎€ถ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎Ž๎Ž๎€ถ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”
๎€ฟ๎€˜๎๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎” ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎Ž๎€ธ๎€พ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎€ก๎” ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ป๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎” ๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎€ป๎๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎†๎•๎๎๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”
๎€พ๎ ๎๎๎€ธ๎๎€ก๎”๎Ž๎๎š๎€ณ๎€ธ๎๎๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎๎€ธ๎๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎”๎ƒ๎€ข๎€ง๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€˜๎€ฝ๎†๎€ค๎€œ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ก๎”
๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎š๎” ๎€Ÿ๎‚๎•๎€ค๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎ˆ๎” ๎€ข๎€ค๎€ฎ๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎•๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ณ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎€ท๎€˜๎š๎•๎๎€ฟ๎๎€พ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎€ก๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎Š๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎๎€˜๎๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ซ๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ถ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎Ž๎€™๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎๎Ÿ๎ ๎๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”
๎€“๎€•๎€Ž๎€๎€ก๎” ๎€ฝ๎
hemicrania continua
๎”๎€ฉ๎”๎•๎๎š๎๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”
๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎“๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎๎€ธ๎๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ซ๎Ž๎€ค๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ข๎š๎Ž๎€ค๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€ฌ๎€ค๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎๎”๎‡๎€Ÿ๎€ซ๎Š๎”
๎€ฎ๎€ณ๎Š๎”๎„๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎˜๎ˆ๎€ก๎”๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ณ๎€ค๎€ฟ๎€ค๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎•๎Ž๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎•๎€ค๎€ท
๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎€ถ๎€ค๎€ฟ๎๎€พ๎€ง๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎๎€˜๎š๎Ž๎€˜๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ด๎€ถ๎ ๎†๎€ฃ๎Ž๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎€œ๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎๎€ต๎”
๎‡๎†๎€ถ๎๎€ฟ๎๎€ท๎“๎†๎€ถ๎๎•๎๎†๎€ถ๎๎€œ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎†๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎ˆ๎”๎€˜๎†๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”
๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€ข๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎Š๎”๎€…๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎๎ ๎€พ๎†๎•๎‚๎€พ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎๎€˜๎š๎Ž๎€˜๎€ก๎”๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€˜๎Ž๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€ฝ๎š๎€ท
๎๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎€ข๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎š๎Ž๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎Ž๎”๎๎š๎€Ÿ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎Š๎”
๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎ ๎€พ๎†๎•๎‚๎€พ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎๎€˜๎š๎Ž๎€˜๎”๎•๎ ๎†๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€Ÿ๎๎•๎๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ท
๎•๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎•๎€ถ๎€ค๎๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎‡๎€ซ๎๎š๎Ž๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎ˆ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎•๎Ž๎๎š๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎” ๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎Š๎” ๎€ƒ๎€ถ๎€˜๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎๎ ๎€พ๎†๎•๎‚๎€พ๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ข๎๎€˜๎š๎Ž๎€˜๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎•๎”๎€ข๎š๎Ž๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”
๎€ป๎š๎๎‹๎š๎๎€›๎”๎’๎ข๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎š๎•๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎€ฎ๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎•๎”๎ ๎”
๎€˜๎๎๎€ธ๎Ž๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎€˜๎€œ๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎Ž๎๎š๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎๎š๎๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”
๎€ป๎š๎๎‹๎š๎๎€›๎”๎’๎ข๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎š๎•๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ฎ๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€˜๎š๎Ž๎€˜๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€˜๎†๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎€ธ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎” ๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€˜๎” ๎๎š๎Ž๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€ถ๎๎•๎๎†๎€ถ๎๎€œ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”
๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€ถ๎๎€ฟ๎๎†๎€ถ๎๎€œ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ณ๎€ง๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€ฟ๎€˜๎š๎๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€ค๎€ณ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€ท
๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎” ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎๎๎•๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎Š๎”๎€๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎€ฃ๎Ž๎๎€ฃ๎€ก๎” ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎๎๎€พ๎€ธ๎๎๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎๎๎•๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎Š
Problรจmes diagnostiques
๎€„๎๎€˜๎†๎Ž๎€ง๎๎”๎€ฟ๎๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎†๎€ค๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎Ž๎๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ง๎€พ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎š๎€ธ๎๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”
๎€ซ๎Ž๎€ค๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€ค๎๎” ๎€ฝ๎๎Ž๎๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎” ๎€พ๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎š๎” ๎†๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎”
๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎”๎€ฟ๎๎๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ 
๎€ฉ๎”๎”๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€ฃ๎”๎๎๎š๎๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎†๎€ฝ๎š๎๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎€ฟ๎๎€พ๎€œ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ป๎๎š๎Ž๎๎”
๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€พ๎๎€ธ๎๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎๎”๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎€˜๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎๎š๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€˜๎”๎๎๎€ฝ๎š๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€›๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎Ž๎๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ง๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”
๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€ธ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎€ป๎๎š๎Ž๎€ฟ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”
๎€ข๎€ธ๎๎†๎๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎€ซ๎๎Ž๎€พ๎€˜๎•๎”๎€ค๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎•๎Ž๎๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎๎๎š๎๎”๎€ซ๎๎Ž๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎€˜๎†๎€ท
๎†๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎๎š๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€ซ๎๎Ž๎€พ๎€˜๎•๎”๎†๎€˜๎†๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ก๎” ๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎” ๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎†๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”
๎๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”
Sociรฉtรฉ suisse pour lโ€™รฉtude des cรฉ-
๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎‡๎ž๎ž๎ž๎Š๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎€˜๎€ข๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎Š๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎ˆ๎Š๎”๎€๎€˜๎Ž๎€ซ๎๎€ธ๎๎€ก๎”๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎•๎”๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎๎๎•๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎”๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎š๎€ธ๎๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฅ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎๎๎€ค๎”๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€ธ๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎€ป๎๎š๎Ž๎€ฟ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎”๎€ค๎•๎€ค๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎š๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€พ๎š๎€พ๎”
๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎๎Š๎”๎€•๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ป๎๎š๎Ž๎€ฟ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎”
๎‡๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎š๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ธ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎Ž๎๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎๎ˆ๎”
๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎•๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€พ๎€ฃ๎•๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€˜๎€น๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎” ๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎€ซ๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ท
๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎€Ÿ๎๎Ž๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎€˜๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎” ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎” ๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎•๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎•๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”
๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎š๎๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€˜๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎๎๎€พ๎€พ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎Š
๎€ฉ๎”๎”๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ซ๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ค๎•๎€˜๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ด๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎ ๎๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎๎€ต๎Š๎”
๎€ƒ๎€ฃ๎†๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎€ก๎”๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€œ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎” ๎๎๎š๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎” ๎€ฝ๎€›๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎•๎Ž๎๎š๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎€œ๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎Š๎” ๎€‰๎€ฝ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€ข๎๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎” ๎€ฟ๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎๎๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ง๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎†๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎๎๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€ธ๎๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎Ž๎€ค๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ซ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎๎•๎Ž๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎”๎๎๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎๎๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ธ๎•๎”๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”
๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ข๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎๎•๎Ž๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎” ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎๎๎€ฟ๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎•๎Ž๎๎š๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”
๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎€œ๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€˜๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€ฌ๎€ค๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎†๎€ธ๎•๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎€ท
๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎” ๎Ž๎€ค๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ซ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎๎•๎Ž๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎” ๎๎€ฟ๎” ๎€ค๎•๎€˜๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎•๎” ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎”๎€ฟ๎๎๎•๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ด๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ถ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ธ๎†๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ณ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ต๎”๎‡๎€พ๎€ฅ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”
๎€ฝ๎๎€˜๎€œ๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€ฃ๎š๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ซ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎๎€ฃ๎ˆ๎€ก๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎Ž๎•๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎”๎•๎€ถ๎€ค๎Ž๎€˜๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎€ท
๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎Š๎”๎€๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎•๎Ž๎€ธ๎†๎•๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€ซ๎๎Ž๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”
๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ท๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ค๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ถ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ธ๎†๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ณ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎Š
๎€ฉ๎”๎”๎€„๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎€พ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ด๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎Ž๎๎€ท
๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ต๎”๎€ฟ๎๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎†๎€˜๎๎”๎€ป๎š๎Ÿ๎•๎€˜๎†๎๎๎€ค๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ด๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ณ๎š๎€ต๎€ก๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎€ธ๎๎”๎€˜๎š๎”
๎•๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€พ๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ด๎€ค๎†๎€ธ๎๎๎€ข๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ต๎Š๎” ๎€‰๎€ฝ๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎Ž๎€ธ๎•๎” ๎€˜๎๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎•๎๎š๎•๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ซ๎Ž๎€ค๎€ท
๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ฟ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎š๎Ž๎€ค๎€ฃ๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”
๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎Ž๎๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎š๎” ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎Ž๎๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎๎€ธ๎€ท
๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎†๎€˜๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎๎”๎“๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎”๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ซ๎€ฃ๎๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎†๎š๎€ธ๎๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ฟ๎€ณ๎•๎€ฃ๎€พ๎†๎๎€ก๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎€ธ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎€ท
๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎๎” ๎“๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎€ท
๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎€พ๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎”๎„๎€ฐ๎”๎€ป๎๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€พ๎๎€ธ๎๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎†๎€ฝ๎š๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
๎•๎Ž๎๎€ธ๎๎”๎€พ๎๎€ธ๎๎Š
๎€ฉ๎”๎”๎€‰๎€ฝ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€พ๎†๎๎Ž๎•๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€˜๎๎๎€ธ๎Ž๎”๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎Ž๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€จ๎ข๎‰๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎ ๎†๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎Ž๎๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎๎€ฟ๎”๎๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎Ž๎๎š๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎”
๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€ธ๎•๎š๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎Ž๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎๎๎€พ๎€พ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎Š
Quand rรฉaliser des examens
complรฉmentaires? Lesquels?
๎€…๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
ยซred ๎€agsยป
๎€ก๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎†๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ค๎๎Š๎”๎€๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎€ธ๎•๎š๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎Ž๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎‡๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎Š๎”
๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎š๎€พ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎๎š๎๎†๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎” ๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ถ๎€ค๎€พ๎๎Ž๎Ž๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎Ž๎€™๎€ท
๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ณ๎š๎€ฆ๎€ก๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎€˜๎ˆ๎”๎๎š๎”๎€œ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎๎€ธ๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ค๎๎€˜๎€ฝ๎š๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎•๎Ž๎š๎€Ÿ๎€ท
๎•๎š๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎๎๎€ฃ๎š๎๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎Ž๎๎š๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎” ๎†๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ก๎” ๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€”๎€๎€„๎”
๎€Ÿ๎Ž๎€™๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎•๎” ๎€ฅ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎Ž๎€ค๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎๎€ค๎€ฃ๎Š๎”๎€๎๎š๎Ž๎” ๎•๎๎š๎•๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€˜๎š๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎”๎๎€ธ๎•๎š๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€‰๎€’๎€๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€›๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎€›๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€”๎€๎€„๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎๎€‰๎€’๎€๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”
๎†๎€ฝ๎š๎๎”๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎•๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎•๎š๎€พ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎๎€ก๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฝ๎€ค๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎๎”
๎๎€˜๎๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎‡๎€˜๎Ž๎•๎€ค๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎” ๎๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎š๎๎€ฃ๎๎ˆ๎”๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎”๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ฝ๎๎€ถ๎ ๎†๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ท๎”๎๎š๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ถ๎ ๎†๎๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎Ž๎€™๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ค๎๎€˜๎€ท
๎€ฝ๎š๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ถ๎ ๎†๎๎†๎€ถ๎ ๎๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฝ๎€ค๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎๎”๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ซ๎๎๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎Ž๎€™๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”
๎†๎๎๎•๎€ค๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ถ๎๎€ฝ๎๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ณ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎Š๎”๎€…๎€ฟ๎”๎๎š๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”
๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎†๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎€˜๎š๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎†๎๎๎€ธ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€›๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎Ž๎€˜๎ ๎๎€ฟ๎๎”
๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎๎Š๎”๎€•๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€‰๎€’๎€๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€ค๎€ณ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎ ๎๎•๎€ค๎€พ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”
๎€“๎€—๎€Š๎€“๎€“๎‹๎€๎€…๎€„๎€Š๎€ƒ๎€๎€Œ๎‹๎€‡๎€๎€’๎€•๎€๎‹๎€ฉ๎‹๎€‡๎€๎€’๎€•๎€๎‹๎€๎€†๎€„๎€Š๎€ƒ๎€๎€Œ๎‹๎€“๎€•๎€Š๎€“๎€“๎€…๎‹๎Ž๎˜๎€ฝ๎€ญ๎‡๎€ฝ๎€ญ๎€ฟ๎€ฝ๎€ง๎€๎€Ÿ๎€ฏ๎Ž๎˜๎€ฉ๎€ฏ๎Ž๎€ฏ
ARTICLE DE REVUE ๎€ฏ๎Ž๎€ฏ
๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ค๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฟ๎€ค๎๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎‡๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎Š๎”๎€ฟ๎€ค๎๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎š๎”
๎•๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ป๎š๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€˜๎š๎ˆ๎”๎๎š๎” ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎”๎€ข๎๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎๎€˜๎๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ซ๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”
๎€˜๎€ฎ๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎” ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎Ž๎” ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€ฝ๎€ค๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎๎” ๎๎•๎Ž๎š๎€Ÿ๎•๎š๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎”
๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ÿ๎” ๎€ข๎€ธ๎€ฌ๎€ค๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฟ๎€ค๎๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ด๎๎ ๎€พ๎†๎•๎๎€พ๎€˜๎€ท
๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ต๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฟ๎€ค๎๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ด๎€ธ๎€ข๎€ธ๎๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ถ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ต๎€ก๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎” ๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎” ๎€˜๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎๎€ค๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎•๎€ถ๎€ค๎Ž๎€˜๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎Š๎”๎€…๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎๎๎š๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ธ๎•๎”๎€ซ๎๎Ž๎€ท
๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎š๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎‡๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎š๎€พ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎ˆ๎”๎๎†๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ฎ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”
๎€ฟ๎๎š๎๎” ๎Ž๎€ค๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎๎๎€ฟ๎๎” ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎”๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ค๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ค๎€ณ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€‰๎€’๎€๎”
๎š๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎”๎๎๎š๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€˜๎š๎๎๎€ธ๎”๎€˜๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎” ๎€ฃ๎€ฌ๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎•๎€ถ๎€ค๎Ž๎€˜๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎Š๎”
๎€๎€˜๎€ธ๎๎”๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎ ๎”๎€˜๎”๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎”๎€ค๎€ณ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎Ž๎€ธ๎๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ซ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎๎š๎€ท
๎๎€ฃ๎Ž๎•๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ฎ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎‡๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎€ท
๎€ฝ๎๎€พ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎๎”๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ผ๎ ๎๎•๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€˜๎Ž๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ฟ๎๎€บ๎€ข๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎ˆ๎”๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”
๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎š๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎๎๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎Š๎”๎€ƒ๎๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎‹๎š๎๎€ธ๎”๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€ฟ๎€ค๎€ท
๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎๎๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎๎€ธ๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ซ๎๎Ž๎€พ๎€ค๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎๎๎€œ๎€ป๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ธ๎€ซ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ข๎š๎”
๎Ž๎€ธ๎๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎Š๎”๎€•๎€ฟ๎”๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ท
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎€ฝ๎๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎•๎”๎€ซ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎๎๎€œ๎€ป๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎๎€Ÿ๎š๎๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€˜๎๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”
๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎Š๎”๎€…๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎๎•๎€˜๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎š๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎•๎€˜๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎”๎€ฟ๎๎€˜๎”๎†๎€˜๎๎”๎€ค๎๎๎€ฝ๎š๎€ค๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎€ฎ๎€ฝ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎€ก๎”
๎€˜๎š๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฟ๎๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ค๎Š๎”๎€๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎๎€ก๎”
๎€˜๎š๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎•๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€พ๎†๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ท
๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€˜๎๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎๎š๎€ฌ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”
๎€ณ๎š๎€ธ๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎“๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎†๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎š๎€ธ๎€ท๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎Š
๎€…๎€ฟ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€ซ๎€˜๎๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ท
๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€›๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎š๎๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ซ๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎š๎๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎š๎”๎€˜๎š๎•๎๎€ท๎€ธ๎€พ๎€พ๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎๎“
๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฏ๎€˜๎€พ๎€พ๎€˜๎•๎๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎€ก๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎ ๎๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€œ๎๎Ž๎€˜๎•๎๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ท
๎€ข๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎‡๎€ถ๎€ค๎€พ๎€˜๎•๎๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€พ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ค๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎•๎Ž๎๎€ฝ๎ ๎•๎€ฃ๎๎€ก๎”๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎€˜๎€พ๎€ง๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎€ถ๎€ค๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎Ž๎€ค๎€ฟ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎€ก๎”๎€ณ๎€ฝ๎š๎€Ÿ๎๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ƒ๎€’๎€๎ˆ๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€˜๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€ค๎๎€ธ๎€ท
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎€˜๎€พ๎€ง๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฏ๎€˜๎€พ๎€พ๎€˜๎•๎๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ค๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎€ค๎๎” ๎€ฃ๎๎•๎” ๎€ธ๎€พ๎€ท
๎†๎๎Ž๎•๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎๎๎•๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ข๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ข๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ˆ๎๎Ž๎•๎๎€ฟ๎”๎‡๎€˜๎Ž๎•๎€ค๎Ž๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎Ž๎€™๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ท
๎†๎๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎ˆ๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ƒ๎€’๎€๎”๎€ค๎•๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎”๎†๎€ฝ๎š๎๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎”๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
๎๎€ค๎€ข๎€ธ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€๎€ฑ๎€ž๎Š๎”๎€…๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎๎†๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”
๎€ข๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€˜๎๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎Ž๎€ค๎€œ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎”๎€ข๎๎€ถ๎ ๎†๎€ฃ๎Ž๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”
๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎Ž๎€™๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€พ๎€œ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ค๎€ฃ๎Š๎”
๎€“๎€ธ๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎๎Ž๎๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎๎๎•๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€ฌ๎€ค๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ก๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎š๎๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎†๎€ถ๎•๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€พ๎๎€ท
๎€ฝ๎๎€ณ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎”๎‡๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎” ๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎Š๎”๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎Ž๎€ค๎€ซ๎Ž๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎€ก๎” ๎€ณ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎š๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎€ฃ๎ˆ๎”
๎๎š๎”๎€๎€’๎€Œ๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎€ก๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€˜๎š๎”๎†๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€˜๎†๎†๎Ž๎๎€ท
๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎†๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎๎€˜๎๎€ง๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎š๎•๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎Š
Traitement et incapacitรฉ de travail
๎€…๎€ฟ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎†๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎•๎๎š๎•๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎€ก๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎€พ๎€ฃ๎๎š๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎†๎๎Ž๎•๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ณ๎€ค๎€ฟ๎€ค๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎” ๎‹๎š๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”
๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎” ๎†๎€ถ๎ ๎๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎Ž๎€ค๎€ณ๎š๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ง๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎‡๎˜๎” ๎€›๎” ๎–๎” ๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎“๎๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ข๎๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎š๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€ธ๎€พ๎†๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎ˆ๎€ก๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”
๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ถ๎ ๎€ข๎Ž๎€˜๎•๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎Ž๎€ค๎€ณ๎š๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ง๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€˜๎€ข๎€ค๎‹๎š๎€˜๎•๎€ฃ๎๎€ก๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎€˜๎š๎๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎‡๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎ˆ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎‡๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎Š๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎Ÿ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”
๎€พ๎š๎๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎Ž๎๎€ณ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎€˜๎†๎Ž๎€ง๎๎”๎€Š๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎๎€œ๎๎๎€ฟ๎ˆ๎”๎Ž๎€ค๎€ณ๎š๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”
๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎๎๎€พ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎๎š๎€ญ๎๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎” ๎Ž๎€ค๎€ณ๎š๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎” ๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎š๎•๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎€ก๎”๎๎๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”
๎€พ๎€ฅ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎†๎€ค๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”
๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎”๎•๎ ๎†๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎‡๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎Š๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎ˆ๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎†๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”
๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ข๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€œ๎€˜๎๎€ฃ๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎”๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ค๎•๎€ค๎”๎๎†๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ฎ๎€ท
๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎๎†๎†๎€ค๎๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ธ๎Ž๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€˜๎š๎๎๎€ธ๎”๎€ฅ๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎š๎•๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎๎€ค๎๎Š๎”๎€‰๎€ฝ๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎•๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ง๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎•๎Ž๎€ธ๎†๎•๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎”
๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎Ž๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎š๎๎€ฃ๎๎€ก๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎”๎๎œ๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€ธ๎€พ๎†๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฟ๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€น๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎†๎€˜๎๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎๎€ท
๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎€ธ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎๎๎š๎๎”๎˜๎”๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎•๎Ž๎€ธ๎†๎•๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎”๎๎๎€ฟ๎•๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎•๎Ž๎€ง๎๎”๎๎›๎Ž๎๎Š๎”๎€๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎€ฃ๎Ž๎๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”
๎€˜๎€พ๎€œ๎š๎€ฝ๎€˜๎•๎๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎๎†๎€ธ๎๎€บ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€˜๎€œ๎๎๎€ฝ๎š๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”
๎€›๎” ๎€ค๎๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ ๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ÿ๎€ท๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎” ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎š๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎•๎Ž๎€ง๎๎”๎Ž๎€˜๎†๎€ธ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎” ๎€ข๎€ค๎€ท
๎†๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎š๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎”๎€˜๎€œ๎š๎๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€ท
๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎š๎Ÿ๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€˜๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎€ป๎๎š๎Ž๎€ฟ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€˜๎š๎Ÿ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฅ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”
๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎Ž๎€ฃ๎‹๎š๎€ธ๎๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎” ๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎” ๎€ฃ๎€ญ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎š๎” ๎€ฝ๎๎€ฟ๎€ณ๎”
๎€Ÿ๎๎š๎Ž๎๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ด๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€พ๎†๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ค๎๎€ต๎Š๎”
๎€…๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ฏ๎€ง๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎†๎€ฝ๎š๎๎”๎€ฝ๎๎๎€œ๎๎€ฃ๎Ž๎๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎Š
๎€Ž๎๎š๎๎”๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎๎Ž๎๎€ฟ๎๎”๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎Ž๎€ง๎๎”๎Ž๎€˜๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎†๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎‡๎€‰๎€”๎ˆ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎„๎ข๎ข๎‰๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ณ๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎š๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎”๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ค๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎†๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎š๎Ž๎€ค๎€ฃ๎”
๎€พ๎€˜๎Ÿ๎€ธ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎„๎”๎€›๎”๎˜๎”๎๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎๎Š๎”๎€…๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎€ท
๎€ข๎€ค๎Ž๎€˜๎€œ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฟ๎๎š๎๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎๎Ž๎๎€ฟ๎๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎•๎•๎€ฃ๎๎•๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎” ๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎†๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎€ข๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎๎€ธ๎Ž๎๎€ฟ๎”๎˜๎ข๎‰๎”๎€˜๎๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ธ๎€ข๎€ค๎€ฃ๎”๎‹๎š๎๎€˜๎š๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”
๎•๎€ฃ๎€พ๎†๎๎”๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€œ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎†๎†๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎”๎†๎€ฃ๎š๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎†๎Ž๎€˜๎€ท
๎•๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฃ๎Ÿ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎๎†๎๎Ž๎•๎Š๎”๎€๎๎š๎Ž๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎€ค๎†๎€ธ๎๎๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฏ๎๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎๎€˜๎๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฝ๎€˜๎”๎€ซ๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎”๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎๎”
๎€ด๎†๎๎š๎๎๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎€ต๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฟ๎€ค๎๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎•๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ป๎š๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€˜๎š๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎†๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€˜๎š๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€ฝ๎š๎๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ฟ๎€ณ๎š๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€ซ๎๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ฝ๎๎€ฃ๎€ญ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎Š๎”๎€…๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€›๎”
๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎Ž๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎๎๎€พ๎€พ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€พ๎€ค๎€ข๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎๎€ก๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€ค๎Ž๎€ธ๎๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”
๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€ฃ๎๎Ž๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎”๎‡๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎€˜๎€พ๎€œ๎š๎€ฝ๎€˜๎•๎๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎”๎๎š๎”๎๎•๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€˜๎€ธ๎Ž๎€ฃ๎ˆ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ธ๎€ท
๎‹๎š๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎๎” ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎•๎•๎€ฃ๎” ๎†๎€ค๎Ž๎€ธ๎๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€ก๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎†๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎•๎€ค๎” ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎๎€˜๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”
๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎Š
๎€…๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎๎Ž๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€‰๎€”๎”๎†๎€ฝ๎š๎๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ฟ๎€ณ๎š๎€ฃ๎”๎‡๎€พ๎€ฅ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎€˜๎Ž๎€ท
๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎ˆ๎€ก๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎๎š๎€ธ๎๎€ธ๎”๎€ค๎•๎Ž๎๎€ธ๎•๎”๎€ข๎š๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€ฃ๎๎•๎”๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ธ๎‹๎š๎€ค๎€ก๎”๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€ค๎๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ท
๎•๎š๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ฃ๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎•๎”๎€˜๎๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎”๎€ฝ๎๎€ฃ๎€พ๎†๎€ฝ๎๎ ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎Š
Financement / Con๎€–its dโ€™intรฉrรชts
๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€˜๎š๎•๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎๎”๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ค๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€˜๎š๎€Ÿ๎š๎€ฟ๎”๎€Ÿ๎๎€ฟ๎€ฏ๎€ธ๎•๎”๎€ข๎๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎•๎€ค๎Ž๎€ฅ๎•๎๎”๎€ฎ๎€ฟ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎๎š๎”๎”
๎†๎€ฃ๎Ž๎๎๎€ฟ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎”๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎”๎Ž๎€˜๎†๎†๎๎Ž๎•๎”๎€˜๎๎€ฃ๎€Ÿ๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€˜๎Ž๎•๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€ฝ๎€ฃ๎Š
Rรฉfรฉrences
๎…๎” ๎€“๎•๎š๎Ž๎ก๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎€ณ๎€ณ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎€๎€ก๎”๎€‡๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎€œ๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎”๎€๎€’๎€ก๎”๎€“๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ข๎๎Ž๎”๎€๎€“๎Š๎”๎€ƒ๎€ค๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ค๎€ฃ๎๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎๎”๎†๎Ž๎€ธ๎€ท
๎€พ๎€ธ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎๎Š๎”๎€†๎๎Ž๎š๎€พ๎”๎€๎€ค๎€ข๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎”๎€“๎š๎€ธ๎๎๎€ฃ๎”๎˜๎ข๎„๎˜๎๎„๎˜๎€ ๎‘๎˜๎€ฉ๎‘๎‘๎Š
๎™๎” ๎€…๎๎€ฃ๎Ž๎๎”๎€“๎€ก๎”๎€๎€˜๎Ž๎ก๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ผ๎”๎€๎Š๎”๎€ƒ๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎”๎€ซ๎€ฃ๎€˜๎•๎š๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎€ก๎”๎†๎€˜๎•๎€ถ๎๎†๎€ถ๎ ๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฝ๎๎€ณ๎ ๎€ก๎”๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ข๎”
๎•๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€˜๎•๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎๎€ซ๎”๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ข๎€ธ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎€ท๎๎๎€ฃ๎Ž๎š๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎€˜๎€ข๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎Š๎”๎€Œ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎•๎”๎€Ž๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎๎€ฝ๎”
๎˜๎ข๎„๎ข๎๎€๎€ ๎–๎€๎„๎€ฉ๎€ฑ๎ข๎„๎Š
๎—๎” ๎€”๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎”๎€‰๎€ฟ๎•๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ฟ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎”๎€ƒ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎๎๎€ธ๎€ฎ๎€Ÿ๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎๎€ซ๎”๎€ˆ๎€ฃ๎€˜๎€ข๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎”๎€„๎€ธ๎๎๎Ž๎€ข๎€ฃ๎Ž๎๎€ก๎”๎–๎Ž๎€ข๎”
๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎‡๎€œ๎€ฃ๎•๎€˜๎”๎๎€ฃ๎Ž๎๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎ˆ๎Š๎”๎€ƒ๎€ฃ๎†๎€ถ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€˜๎”๎˜๎ข๎„๎–๎๎–๎–๎€ ๎’๎˜๎€๎€ฉ๎€จ๎ข๎€จ๎Š
๎€ฒ๎” ๎€‹๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€พ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎”๎€”๎€๎€ก๎”๎€“๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ข๎•๎”๎€Š๎€ก๎”๎€ƒ๎Ž๎๎ž๎๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€ƒ๎€“๎€ก๎”๎€—๎•๎•๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€œ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ณ๎”๎€“๎€’๎€ก๎”๎€ˆ๎š๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎€‡๎€‡๎€ก๎”
๎€๎€˜๎•๎•๎€ฃ๎๎๎€ฟ๎”๎€…๎€Œ๎€ก๎”
et al
๎Š๎”๎€•๎•๎€ธ๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎•๎ ๎”๎๎€ซ๎”๎€ฃ๎Ž๎ ๎•๎€ถ๎Ž๎๎€Ÿ๎ ๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎๎€ฃ๎€ข๎€ธ๎€พ๎€ฃ๎€ฟ๎•๎€˜๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฟ๎”๎Ž๎€˜๎•๎€ฃ๎”๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€ข๎”
๎€ƒ๎€ท๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€˜๎€Ÿ๎•๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎”๎†๎Ž๎๎•๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎”๎€ซ๎๎Ž๎”๎•๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎”๎€ข๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ณ๎€ฟ๎๎๎€ธ๎๎”๎๎€ซ๎”๎€ณ๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ฟ๎•๎”๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎€ฝ๎”๎€˜๎Ž๎•๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ธ๎•๎€ธ๎๎Š๎”๎€“๎€ฃ๎€พ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎”
๎€๎Ž๎•๎€ถ๎Ž๎€ธ๎•๎€ธ๎๎”๎€’๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎š๎€พ๎”๎˜๎ข๎„๎˜๎๎€ฑ๎„๎€ ๎€จ๎’๎’๎€ฉ๎€จ๎‘๎„๎Š
Abrรฉviations
๎€Š๎€‰๎€“๎€Ÿ๎‹๎€Š๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎…๎€บ๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎€˜๎€ท๎‹๎€‰๎€ฃ๎€˜๎€ข๎€˜๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€ฃ๎‹๎€“๎€ป๎€ž๎€ด๎€ฃ๎Œ๎–
๎€Š๎€ƒ๎€‰๎€„๎€Ÿ๎‹๎€Š๎€บ๎Œ๎€ฃ๎…๎€บ๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎€˜๎€ท๎‹๎€ƒ๎€ท๎€˜๎†๎†๎€ด๎€ฌ๎€ž๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€ป๎€บ๎‹๎€ป๎€ซ๎‹๎€‰๎€ฃ๎€˜๎€ข๎€˜๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€ฃ๎‹๎€„๎€ด๎†๎€ป๎…๎€ข๎€ฃ๎…๎†
๎€Ž๎€’๎€“๎€Ÿ๎‹๎€Ž๎๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎…๎€ด๎€ž๎€˜๎€ท๎‹๎€’๎€˜๎Œ๎€ด๎€บ๎€ฐ๎‹๎€“๎€ž๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฃ
๎€”๎€๎€„๎€Ÿ๎‹๎€”๎€ป๎€ธ๎€ป๎€ข๎€ฃ๎€บ๎†๎€ด๎Œ๎€ป๎€ธ๎€ค๎Œ๎…๎€ด๎€ฃ
๎€Š๎€’๎€๎€Ÿ๎‹๎€Š๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ฐ๎€ฃ๎…๎€ด๎€ฃ๎‹๎€พ๎€˜๎…๎‹๎…๎€ค๎†๎€ป๎€บ๎€˜๎€บ๎€ž๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ธ๎€˜๎€ฐ๎€บ๎€ค๎Œ๎€ด๎‚๎๎€ฃ
๎€ƒ๎€’๎€๎€Ÿ๎‹๎€๎…๎€ป๎Œ๎€ค๎€ด๎€บ๎€ฃ๎‹๎€ƒ๎‹๎…๎€ค๎€˜๎€ž๎Œ๎€ด๎“๎€ฃ
๎€“๎€•๎€Ž๎€๎€Ÿ๎‹๎€“๎€ฒ๎€ป๎…๎Œ๎€ณ๎€ท๎€˜๎†๎Œ๎€ด๎€บ๎€ฐ๎‹๎๎€บ๎€ด๎€ท๎€˜๎Œ๎€ฃ๎…๎€˜๎€ท๎‹๎€บ๎€ฃ๎๎…๎€˜๎€ท๎€ฐ๎€ด๎€ซ๎€ป๎…๎€ธ๎‹๎€ฒ๎€ฃ๎€˜๎€ข๎€˜๎€ž๎€ฒ๎€ฃ๎‹๎€˜๎Œ๎Œ๎€˜๎€ž๎€ถ๎†๎‹
๎”๎€ด๎Œ๎€ฒ๎‹๎€ž๎…๎€˜๎€บ๎€ด๎€˜๎€ท๎‹๎€˜๎๎Œ๎€ป๎€บ๎€ป๎€ธ๎€ด๎€ž๎‹๎†๎–๎€ธ๎€พ๎Œ๎€ป๎€ธ๎†
๎€ƒ๎๎Ž๎Ž๎€ฃ๎๎†๎๎€ฟ๎€ข๎€˜๎€ฟ๎€Ÿ๎€ฃ๎€ ๎”
๎€„๎Ž๎”๎€Ž๎€ธ๎€ผ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎š๎๎”๎€๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”
๎€Œ๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎•๎€ฃ๎Ž๎”๎€˜๎Š๎€ธ๎Š๎”๎€Ž๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎๎€ฝ๎๎€ณ๎€ธ๎๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎€ฃ๎”
๎€๎๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ผ๎€ฝ๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎€ผ๎”
๎€‰๎€ฟ๎๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎๎†๎€ธ๎•๎€˜๎€ฝ๎€ก๎”๎€•๎€ฟ๎€ธ๎๎€ฃ๎Ž๎๎€ธ๎•๎€š๎•๎๎€ท
๎๎†๎€ธ๎•๎€˜๎€ฝ๎”๎€‚๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ฟ๎”
๎€†๎Ž๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€œ๎š๎Ž๎€ณ๎๎•๎Ž๎€˜๎๎๎€ฃ๎”๎€ฑ๎”
๎€ƒ๎€ˆ๎€ท๎–๎ข๎„๎ข๎”๎€‚๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ฟ๎”
๎€Ž๎€ธ๎€ผ๎€ฝ๎€˜๎š๎๎Š๎€๎€ฃ๎€ธ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€๎€˜๎•๎€ž๎€ธ๎€ฟ๎๎€ฃ๎€ฝ๎Š๎€Ÿ๎€ถ๎”
๎ž๎ž๎ž๎Š๎€ฟ๎€ฃ๎š๎Ž๎๎€ท๎€œ๎€ฃ๎Ž๎€ฟ๎Š๎€Ÿ๎€ถ
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