pamo1de1
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ANALYSIS OF HOST RESPONSES AND FITNESS IN
DIFFERENT PANDEMIC H1N1 (2009) INFLUENZA VIRUS
IN MICE AND FERRETS
Doctoranda: Pamela Analía Martínez Orellana
Directora: María Montoya González
Tutora: Dolores Jaraquemada Pérez de Gúzman
Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia
Facultat de Medicina
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Doctorat en Immunologia
PhD Thesis
2014
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María Montoya González investigadora del Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal
(CReSA) y del Instituto de Investigación Agroalimentaria (IRTA) y Dolores
Jaraquemada Pérez de Gúzman profesora catedrática de inmunología de la Universitat
Autònoma de Barcelona e investigadora del Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina
(IBB),
Certifican:
Que la memoria titulada, “Analysis of host responses and fitness in different pandemic
H1N1 (2009) influenza virus in mice and ferrets” presentada por Pamela Analia
Martinez Orellana, ha sido realizada bajo su supervisión y tutoria en la Universitat
Autònoma de Barcelona y Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal y que es apta para la
optención del grado de Doctor en Inmunología.
Para que conste a los efectos oportunos, firman el presente certificado en Bellaterra
(Barcelona), 21 de abril de 2014.
Directora:
María Montoya González
Tutora:
Dolores Jaraquemada Pérez de Gúzman
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PhD studies presented by Pamela Analia Martinez Orellana were financially supported
by a Pre-Doctoral grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation
(Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, MICINN), and Instituto de Salus Carlos III
through “programa de investigación en la nueva gripe A H1N1”.
This work was partially supported by the GR09/0023, GR09/0021, GR09/0040 and
GR09/0039 projects funded by the Spanish Government (MICINN and ISCIII).
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INDEX
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INDEX OF CONTENTS
1. SUMMARY/RESUMEN 11
2. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 18
3. INTRODUCTION 24
I. Introduction to influenza 24
II. Influenza viruses 25
i. Classification and antigenic types 25
ii. Structure of the influenza virus 25
iii. Genetics of the influenza virus 26
iv. Host receptors 27
III. Immune response to Influenza infection 28
i. Innate immunity 28
ii. Cells involved on innate immune response to
influenza virus infection 29
iii. Adaptive immune system 30
iv. Humoral immunity 31
v. Cellular immunity 32
IV. Pathogenesis and clinical signs during Influenza Infection 34
i. Genes involved on influenza A pathogenicity
and virulence 34
V. Influenza pandemics 36
i. Pandemics in the XX century 36
ii. 2009 Swine influenza pandemic: the first
pandemic of XXI century 39
iii. Origin of pandemic A (H1N1) 2009 virus 39
iv. Epidemiology of 2009 pandemic 41
v. Virulence markers pdmH1N1 2009 virus 43
vi. Pathogenesis and clinical signs during
pdmH1N1 2009 Infection 43
vii. Clinical risk factors of pdmH1N1 2009 virus
Infection 44
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