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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
221 op.cit. p XII Voir une plus longue citation en annexe.
222 Eusèbe de Césarée - xxxxxxxxx
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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
223!AM!<#1U.*mD!.0M-5'M!TTTT
224 o.5+!1*0+%!0M!H]!#'!1M
225 «Le nom du Christ Jésus lui est associé, qualifié à la fois de médiateur et dhomme. Ce médiateur est unique comme Dieu est unique. Il est
l’objet d’une confession divine et en même temps reconnu comme homme. Un médiateur n’est pas un intermédiaire, mi-Dieu mi-homme - ce que refuse
depuis toujours la tradition juive. Il est à la fois les deux termes qu’il met en communion.» op.cit. p xxxxxx
I.L'orthodoxie et l'antiquité
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