Acknowledgements GC×GC-(HR)TOFMS : Why we Love it ! GC×GC is Very Young

GC×GC-(HR)TOFMS :
Why we Love it !
JF Focant et al.
Acknowledgements
üJEOL, LECO, Agilent, Thermo…
üRestek, Sigma-Aldrich/Supelco, SGE
üJSB, Gerstel, Markes…
GC×GC is Very Young
üGC×GC was invented just a few years ago
üThis is why it is only used by experts
üIt is much more expensive than regular GC
üIt is much more complex than regular GC
üRuns in GC×GC last for ages
üGC×GC is only for petroleum sample analyses
ü…
The Early Days
First report on GC×GC
‘Comprehensive’
üWhat is amodulator?
• Interface between the two columns
that samples narrow bands from the
eluate of the 1D column,
•For fast re-injection into the 2D column,
producing fragments that are
analyzed sequentially.
Modulation

First report on GC×GC
JM Dimandja @ work
The Idea
Classification ?
Age
Gender
Classical
GC
Age
Gender
GC×GC
Peak capacity (nc) = 1Dnc ×2Dnc
trun 1DGC = trun GC×GC

Volatility
Polarity
Polarity
Volatility
Volatility
Shape
…
The Principle
SSL, PTV
1D RTX-5 30m
0.25mm ID x 0.25µm df
2D BPX-50 1.5m
0.10mm ID x 0.10µm df
(Cryogenic)
Modulator
Detector
1tR~ 50 min
PM= 3-10 sec
Instrumental Setup
Zoex Corp.

Zoex Corp.
Modulation Process
Sampling rate 0.25 Hz
1tR
2tR
4 seconds PM
Each ‘ slice ’ is a s eparate second
dimension chromatogram
Signal at the Detector
Signal
4 sec
Time
1524
4
1520
0
1528
0
1532
4
1536
0
1540
4
1544
0
1548
4
1552
0
Displaying the Data
Contour Plot
Signal
3D Plot
1tR
2tR
2tR(sec)
1tR(min)
10 20 30
2
4
0
1tR
2tR

The Added Value of
Mass Spectrometry
Age
Gender
GC×GC
-MS
-TOFMS
-HRTOFMS ♀4,2Kg
1tR
2tR
I
GC×GC
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
HRTOFMS
1tR
2tR
IHRMS
Accurate MS
KMDs
How to handle such
multi-dimensional
data sets ??
Superstring theory,
Hypercube, Tesseract,
…
State of the Art GC×GC
!
"!
#!
$!
%!
&!!
&"!
&#!
&$!
'()*+,-./-010+,2--345.0(2-6!78&"8"!&$9
:;<:;-=>-5.)0,+?+@2AB+- CD.6EA)+@2A.@1F- G12-5?,.)1C.G,10?H- 3IJIKL6
MN46OLP9-3@Q&#&79
:;<:;-=>-5.)0,+?+@2AB+- CD.6EA)+@2A.@1F- G12-5?,.)1C.G,10?H- M' R-
S122-40+5C,.)+C,H-3IJIKL6MN46OLP9-3@QT7"9
:;<:;-=>-5.)0,+?+@2AB+- CD.6EA)+@2A.@1F- G12-5?,.)1C.G,10?H- M' R-
IA)+6./- /FAG?C- S122-40+5C, .)+C,H- 3IJIKL6MN46OLP9-3@Q$&&9
:;<:;-=>-5.)0,+?+@2AB+- CD.6EA)+@2A.@1F- G12-5?,.)1C.G,10?H- M' R-
?AG?- ,+2.F(CA.@- IA)+6./- /FAG?C- S122-40+5C,.)+C,H - 3IJIKL6MN46OLP9-3@QU#9
Petroleum
Enviro.
Food
Fla. & Fra.
Metabolo.
Case Study #1:
Cadaveric
Decomposition