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Formula :
Steps :
1. What verb are you putting into past tense?
(Find its translation in French)
2. Who is doing the action? (je, nous, elles, etc.)
To determine verbe auxiliaire (P#1):
3. Is the verb in the VANDERTRAMP list? (look at green sheet)
o yes use ÊTRE as P#1 ex: je ai
o no use AVOIR as P#1 ex: je suis
To determine the participe passé (P#2):
4. Is the verb regular or not? (look at back side of green sheet,
Participes passés des verbes irréguliers)
o in the list = irregular
use participe passé of the verb given on the sheet
o not in list = regular
verb ends in –ER change to é ex: parler parlé
–IR change to i ex: choisir choisi
–RE change to u ex: vendre vendu
5. Do I have to add anything to the participe passé (P#2)?
o used AVOIR as P#1 no
o used ÊTRE as P#1 yes
subject is: m.s. + nothing
f.s. + e
m.p. + s
f.p. + es