Abstract
This thesis deals with the examination of the elements of influence and decision-
making that can describe and explain the behaviour of a multinational firm, during
a mass layoff brought about by a plant closure, as measured using the concept of
social responsibility. We take as a starting point the nefarious social and economic
consequences of mass layoffs on employees and communities as well as the
shortcomings of Quebec labour legislation in this regard. Moreover, we establish
the link between the nature of social responsibility from a theoretical point of
view and the empirical perspective within the framework of a mass layoff process.
To arrive at this conclusion, at a theoretical level, through the ethical criteria
defined by Garrett and Klonoski (1986), that is, just cause, mitigation of damages
and procedural justice, our research has demonstrated that it is possible to
determine the social responsibility of a firm from an empirical point of view
within the context of a mass layoff. We have also closely examined various
theories describing a firm’s social responsibility before finally adopting an
instrumental theory of stakeholders. At the methodological level, we relied upon a
single case study, that of the partial closure of the Rio Tinto Alcan plant located in
Beauharnois, Quebec.
Moreover, it was possible to categorize the approach adopted by this firm under a
theoretical taxonomy of social responsibility, thus producing an integrative
approach on two levels, local and corporate, derived from our analysis. At the
local level, we identified an ethical perspective related to the personal values of
the individuals charged with implementing the necessary mechanisms. At the
corporate level, an instrumentalist perspective takes precedence. In this sense, to
establish the necessary legitimacy, the multinational firm considers itself
accountable to both its shareholders and its financiers as well as to the political
level (among them municipal and provincial) in order to have access to the
resources it both desires and requires for its operations, from which flows the