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Individu!
!
6736individu6-8#69-6:5+63-6$-5#6;#(-63+6$/(#/1<63+6.+4+8<68/386$-(.(-6=-86
9/(/9#<(+8#+:5-86:5+6=5+6803#6$(0$(-8)6
6>/386=-6=/31/1-6905(/3#6+=6.<8+13-6=-6$=5868054-3#653-6$-(8033-6-#6$-5#6/40+(6.-86
/99-$#+03868-38+?=-@-3#6.+''<(-3#-8685+4/3#6=-86.+89+$=+3-8)6
6/4-96=/690330#/#+036$<A0(/#+4-6:5-69-=/6/$$0(#-)6
Les!différentes!acceptions!
Le!mot!
>56=/#+36individuumB6C69-6:5+6-8#6+3.+4+8+?=-6DEB6=-6@0#6+3.+4+.56.<8+13-6/5A05(.F"5+B68-=036
=-6.+9#+033/+(-6.-6=FG9/.<@+-6'(/3H/+8-B6C653-653+#<60(1/3+8<-6D)6
I36#(054-6/588+690@@-6.<'+3+#+036.-6=F+3.+4+.5/=+#<6C6536;#(-6:5+6/653-6-J+8#-39-6
.+8#+39#-6.-69-==-6.-86/5#(-86;#(-86D)6
Le!principe!métaphysique!d'individu!
K36@<#/$"L8+:5-6+=6.<8+13-6=F;#(-B6-#6=-6#-(@-6-8#6/=0(8653-630#+036/8809+<-6M6.-86
:5-8#+033-@-3#86./386.-86.+89+$=+3-86$"+=080$"+:5-8B690@@-6=F03#0=01+-)6
Le!principe!existentialiste!d'individu!
>/386=/6$"+=080$"+-6-J+8#-3#+/=+8#-6.-6N-/3OP/5=6Q/(#(-6-#6G=?-(#6R/@586=F"0@@-6-8#6
85(#05#6individualité6$/(6(/$$0(#6M653-63/#5(-6<#(/31-6./3868/61<3<(/=+#<)6SF"0@@-6-8#6
.039653-653+#<680=+#/+(-6$-(.5-6./[email protected])6
L'individu!statistique!
K368#/#+8#+:5-B6536individu6-8#6=-69038#+#5/3#6.F536-38-@?=-B6(-$(<8-3#<6$/(68/6
9/(/9#<(+8#+:5-6<#5.+<-)6P05(653-6<#5.-685(6=-869/#<10(+-86$(0'-88+033-==-8B6536+3.+4+.56
$-5#6;#(-6$/(6-J-@$=-6C6536-38-+13/3#6DB6C6536@<.-9+36DB6C65368-9(<#/+(-6DB6-#9)6P05(653-6
<#5.-685(6=/645-B6=F+3.+4+.568-(/6C6536@L0$-6DB6C6536/8#+1@/#-6D)))6
L'individu!biologique!
K36?+0=01+-6036.+8#+315-6$=58+-5(86.<'+3+#+0386.-6=F+3.+4+.5685+4/3#6=-6903#-J#-6.F<#5.-6%6
>/386=-6(T13-6.564+4/3#69F-8#6=/6$=586$-#+#-653+#<6U/$$/(#-3/3#6/653-64/(+<#<B653-6
-8$T9-B65361-3(-B6-#9V)6
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8-5=-69-==5=-)6
!"##$%&&'()*+,+$-.+/)0(1&*+,+&23.+4+.56
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K361<3<#+:5-B69F-8#653-653+#<6.F+3'0(@/#+0361<3<#+:5-)6
SF+3.+4+.56?+0=01+:5-6$088T.-6.-5J69/(/9#<(+8#+:5-86-88-3#+-==-86%W6
+=6-8#6original6%6+=63F-J+8#-6$/86.-5J6+3.+4+.586#0#/=-@-3#6+.-3#+:5-8)6
+=6-8#6solidaire6%6#05#-868-86$/(#+-86803#6interdépendantes6-#6coopèrent6M6=/64+-6.-6
=F-38-@?=-6U9-6'/+#6$-5#6/@-3-(6M6/88+@+=-(6=-86809+<#<86M6.-86;#(-864+4/3#8V)6
L'individu!en!psychologie!
K36$8L9"0=01+-6=F+3.+4+.56.<8+13-6=F;#(-6$-38/3#B653-69038+.<(/#+036$8L9"+:5-6.-6
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>-8635/39-86803#6/$$0(#<-86$/(6=/6$8L9"/3/=L8-6:5+6.+8#+315-6=/6$/(#+-6:5-6=F+3.+4+.56
$-(H0+#6.-6=5+O@;@-B6=-6@0+B6.-6=F+3.+4+.5690@$=-#B6=-680+)6
K36$8L9"0=01+-6/3/=L#+:5-6036$/(=-6.-6$(09-88586.F+3.+4+.5/#+036$05(6.<8+13-(6=/6$(+8-6
.-690389+-39-6:5+69038+8#-6M6<#-3.(-6=/64+8+036.56@0+6U4-(86=-680+V)6
L'individu!en!sociologie!
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/3/=L8-6.-86(<8-/5J6809+/5JB6=F+3.+4+.56.<8+13-653-6-3#+#<6809+/=-68$/#+0O#-@$0(-==-@-3#6
8+#5/?=-%6536/9#-5(6809+/=6#L$+:5-6.-86809+<#<86+3.+4+.5/=+8#-8)6Q-69038+.<(-(690@@-6
<#/3#6536C6+3.+4+.56D63F-8#6$/8653-6(</=+#<6:5+68F-8#6(-#(054<-6M69"/:5-6<$0:5-63+6./386
9"/:5-695=#5(-)6SF+.<-6.F;#(-6536+3.+4+.56+39=5#653-64+8+036.-6=F"5@/+3690@@-6<#/3#6
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90@@-6<#/3#6+3#-(.<$-3./3#86-#6=+<86=-865386/5J6/5#(-8)6P/(6-J-@$=-B6.5(/3#6=F<$0:5-6
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<#/3#6.-86+3.+4+.58)6G588+B6+=868F-J$(+@/+-3#6./4/3#/1-6M6=/6$(-@+T(-6$-(8033-6.56$=5(+-=6
UC630586DV6:5FM6=/6$(-@+T(-6$-(8033-6.-68+315=+-(6UC6A-6DV)6
L'individu!en!droit!
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9-=5+O9+)6SF+3.+4+.56809+/=6U./3865368-38690@@53V6$-5#6/=0(86;#(-653-6$-(8033-6@0(/=-B6
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U-#68036/$$=+9/?+=+#<6/5J6$-(8033-86@0(/=-8V6.<$-3.6.-86=0+86.-69"/:5-63/#+03)6
K36.(0+#6+3#-(3/#+03/=B6=-6#-(@-6.F+3.+4+.56.0+#6;#(-6-J9=58+4-@-3#6(<8-(4<6/5J6
$-(8033-86$"L8+:5-868-=036=FIY7)6
G(#+9=-6.<#/+==<6%623.+4+.56-36.(0+#6+3#-(3/#+03/=)6
Avis!et!notions!relatives!
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80586=F-''-#6.F536@<9/3+8@-6[809+/=[)6S/6$-(8033-6U:5F+=60$$08-6M6=F+3.+4+.5690@@-6<#/3#6
=+<-6809+/=-@-3#V6#(/4/+==-6M68-6905$-(6.-86/5#(-8680586=/6$(-88+036809+/=-B69-6:5+6'/40(+8-6
9-(#/+386@<9/3+8@-86:5+6(-$08-3#685(6536(-88-3#+86+3.+4+.5/=+8#-6.-69"/953)6736-J-@$=-6
!"##$%&&'()*+,+$-.+/)0(1&*+,+&23.+4+.56
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.<4-=0$$-6#05#6536-34+(033-@-3#695=#5(-=6.-8#+3<6M64/=0(+8-(6=-86:5/=+#<86+3.+4+.5-==-8)6
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Notes!et!références!
E) _6S-6#-(@-6<:5+4/=-3#6$(04-3/3#6.561(-96-8#6atome)6
W) _6G(@/3.6R54+==+-(B6R05(86.-6$"+=080$"+-B6G(@/3.6R0=+3B6E`ab6
^) _6K36$/(#+95=+-(6./3868036=+4(-6"Be5Yourself,5Au:delà5de5la5conception5occidentale5
de5l'individu"B6c.+#+0386X+==-6-#653-635+#8B609#0?(-6Wdde)6
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