SOMMET DE NANTES : LA PLANIFICATION TERRITORIALE COMME
CADRE DE L’ACTION LOCALE POUR LE CLIMAT
résilience face aux crises climatiques et la
coopération entre les acteurs », ainsi que
l’a indiqué Romain Siegfried, Responsable
du pôle Énergie, Environnement et
Espaces (E3) à l’AURAN.
Les propositions et recommandations
formulées pour promouvoir le rôle de
la planification territoriale en faveur de
la transition énergétique et de la lutte
contre le changement climatique portent
sur :
la planification territoriale, comme
processus de gouvernance dans
une logique de résilience et de
solidarité territoriale;
la planification territoriale, comme
processus avec des engagements
et actions multi-niveaux favorisant
l’innovation, le droit à la ville et les
nouveaux modèles économiques;
la planification territoriale pour
améliorer l’approvisionnement et
la demande en énergie et organiser
des mesures d’adaptation;
le soutien et le financement les
initiatives des gouvernements
locaux et régionaux pour agir sur
le changement climatique grâce à
des solutions à bénéfices multiples
et une pérennisation du modèle
financier.
Local authorities and non-state actors (NGOs, businesses, research institutes, etc.) gathered in Nantes from 26
to 28 September 2016 to discuss how to best meet the climate-change targets established at the Summit on
Climate and Territories. At that summit, held in Lyon in July 2015, the importance of local government’s in the
ght against global warming was ocially acknowledged. AURAN (the urban planning agency for the Nantes
region) and FNAU (the French network of urban planning agencies) with the support of the Network of Regional
Governments for sustainable Development (nrg4SD), led discussions on how local authorities can best use
urban and territorial planning in climate and energy initiatives, involving other non-state actors in the process.
Cross-sectoral and strategic planning policies
A step away from sector-based policies on urban
planning, transport and energy use; a more
coordinated approach to planning can be achieved
by integrating planning projects with projects in
other sectors and disciplines.
Provide training for local-government sta get in this
new approach.
Planning is often carried out at a national or regional
level; a more territorial-based approach can result in
better-tailored decisions.
Engage the interest of citizens and economic
stakeholders.
Ensure planning projects have a legally ground.
Implementation
Dene the tools that can be used to eectively
implement planning policies, be they regulatory,
technical, or other.
Work with professional, metropolitan and
international networks to increase collaboration
between stakeholders.
Take cultural considerations into account when
implementing policies.
Promote sustainable-tourism initiatives.
Present the issue of climate change in a more positive,
engaging light.
Make good use of research, and expand successful
projects.
Monitoring
Tools that monitor planning and transition phases
are fundamental, but can be complex to set up.
All stakeholders, at all implicated levels, must be
involved.
For reliable indicators, monitoring must take place on
a long-term basis.
Funding
Data, which is at the care of eective planning,
should be freely available and not monetised.
Sources of funding for planning projects can be
overly complex; a large number of dierent funding
channels exist, with complex application procedures,
and long-term funding can be dicult to secure.
Encourage local authorities to come up with
innovative funding ideas.
A portion of state funds should be assigned to
planning, conducting studies and devising strategies.
Resolve the issue of funding cross-sectoral planning
projects that start o as individual projects. Such
projects often encounter nancial diculties.
Métropole du Grand Paris (France)
MGP is a body governing 7.5 million people (131
communes and 12 territories) in the Paris region. It
uses planning as a tool to help meet and monitor
environmental targets, laws and regional blueprints.
It has overseen various measures to combat
greenhouse gas emissions, as well as two plans
designed to supplement the existing metropolitan
energy and climate plan. Working with other
governmental bodies on projects such as the
Inventons la Métropole du Grand Paris initiative,
MGP prooves the importance of cross-sectoral
cooperation and coordination in designing and
implementing planning initiatives.
Gossas (Senegal)
This département in Senegal faces many
environmental challenges, not least desertication.
Reliance on agriculture makes drought and
uctuating rainfall major issues. The local authority
has adopted a climate-change programme with a
territorial approach, drawing from an integrated
regional climate plan (PCTI). Practical initiatives
to raise awareness and involve the public in
environmental issues have also been launched. The
département sees cooperation among various levels
of local government, as well as monitoring and
evaluating, as vital for major projects.
Melbourne (Australia)
Australia is one of the largest per-capita producers
of CO2, where many cities have set ambitious
targets to reduce their carbon footprint. The City of
Melbourne aim to become a zero-carbon city by
2020. An advocate of new forms of collaboration, the
city has implemented many eco-friendly initiatives.
Examples include a public-private partnership for the
joint purchase of a renewable energy plant, capable
of powering 28,500 homes annually. Melbourne’s
extensive tree-planting project is also a likely factor in
its being voted the world’s Most Liveable City 6 times
in a row.
Burgas (Bulgaria)
Located on the shores of the Black Sea, Burgas is the
4th largest city in Bulgaria and a member of the EU
Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy. The
city’s urban-planning strategy has focused on the
economic development of the city and safeguarding
of the environment. Its collaborative approach to
planning is evidenced in numerous projects, not least
those ensuring the energy eciency of buildings,
especially private homes built in the 1970s, for which
it provides grants.
RFSC
The Reference Framework for Sustainable Cities
aims to help local governments in Europe develop
an integrated cross-sectoral approach to solving
urban issues at dierent levels, and provides a
practical 3-step methodology for creating a strategy,
tracking progress and measuring progress against
established international sustainability objectives.
An early adopter of the tool, the city of La Rochelle
has already used the RFSC in 2 projects – a high-
prole redevelopment project aimed at transforming
the city’s main rail station and surrounding area, and
a rezoning project involving the reclassication of
former rail yards in the eco-district of Bongraine in
the city’s outskirts. The tool produces a colour-coded
chart that allows planners to assess the outcomes of
a project against initial objectives. Project risks are
also mapped, showing a new degree of transparency
on the part of elected representatives and a real shift
in mentality.
EVA
Working with the Nantes institute for research
on urban sciences and technology (IRSTV),
Veolia-backed consultancy 2EI have developed a
methodology for evaluating the eectiveness of
mitigation initiatives for urban heat islands. This
involved testing the eectiveness of vegetation
and green roong, irrigation of street surfaces with
recycled water, and the use of reective materials
to deect heat. The indicators assessed included
average temperature, water consumption, and CO2
levels.
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