TM2 – Quelles sont les limites du PIB comme instrument de mesure

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TM2$–$Quelles$sont$les$limites$du$PIB$comme$instrument$de$mesure$de$la$production$?$Eléments$de$correction$
!1$:$Comment$mesurer$la$valeur$d'un$cours$de$SES$au$lycée$(service$non$marchand)$?$/1$"#!$%&'()*+,+(-!#)(+%#),./!%#!&.012.!,.0!0.23+$.0!#%#!&)2$4)#50!65%#$!
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!2$ :$ Quelles$ sont$ les$ limites$ de$ la$ méthodologie$ retenue$ par$ la$ comptabilité$ nationale$ pour$ évaluer$ la$ valeur$ des$ services$ non$ marchands$ ?$/1$B.((.! ?)C%#!
+&')2?)+(.!5.!5%##.2!1#!'2+7!)17!0.23+$.0!#%#!&)2$4)#50!'%12!,.0!$%&'()*+,+0.2!5)#0!,.!DEF!.#!0%10:.0(+&.!,)!3),.12!.(!#.!(+.#(!')0!%1!&),!$%&'(.!51!#+3.)1!5.!,)!
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0%10:-3),1-.A$
!3$:$Pourquoi$les$comparaisons$internationales$de$PIB$sontJelles$difficiles$?$/2$;.,%#!,.0!')J0/!,)!'2%51$(+%#!5.0!0.23+$.0!$%&&.!,)!0)#(-/!,@-51$)(+%#!%1!,)!0-$12+(-!
'.1(! K(2.! ',10! %1! &%+#0! 0%$+),+0-.! [email protected](:=:5+2.! '2%51+(.! 5.! ?)C%#! #%#! &)2$4)#5.! 6')0! 5)#0! ,.! *1(! 5.! ?)+2.! 51! '2%?+(<! %1!)1!$%#(2)+2.! ,)+00-.L$%#?+-.! )1! 0.$(.12!
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!4$:$Quels$sont$les$deux$types$d'activité$apparaissant$sur$les$affiches$1$et$3$?$/1$N??+$4.!P!Q!?.&&.!)1!?%J.2!?)+0)#(!0%#!&-#)8.!6(2)3)+,!5%&.0(+91.!≠!0.23+$.!#%#!
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!5$:$Quel$est$leur$point$commun$en$termes$économiques$?$/1$U)#0!$.0!O!)??+$4.0!,.!(2)3)+,!#.!5%##.!')0!,+.1!=!1#.!2-&1#-2)(+%#/!$.!0%#(!5%#$!5.0!)$(+3+(-0!#%#!
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!6$:$Quelle$est$leur$différence$avec$les$photos$2$et$4$?$/1$S.0!'4%(%0!O!.(!W!&.((.#(!.#!0$V#.!=!'.1!'2V0!,.!&K&.!8.#2.!5.!0.23+$.!6&-#)8.!.(!0%+#<!&)+0!$.((.!?%+0:
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!7$:$En$rappelant$l'origine$de$la$comptabilité$nationale,$expliquez$pourquoi$les$situations$1$et$3$ne$sontJelles$pas$enregistrées$comme$production$?$/1$S)!$2+0.!5.!
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!8$:$Les$activités$bénévoles$devraientJelles$être$incluses$dans$le$PIB$?$/2$U)#0!,)!&.012.!%`!,.0!)$(+3+(-0!*-#-3%,.0!$%#(2+*1.#(!=!$2-.2!5.0!2+$4.00.0!0%10!?%2&.!5.!
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!9$:$Qu'estJce$que$l'$«$économie$souterraine$»$?$Donnez$un$exemple.$S@-$%#%&+.!0%1(.22)+#.!0.!5+3+0.!.#!O!0%10:.#0.&*,.0!Q!,.0!)$(+3+(-0!+,,+$+(.0!$%&&.!,.!(2)?+$!
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!10$:$Pourquoi$estJelle$difficile$à$comptabiliser$?$D)2!5-?+#+(+%#!,@-$%#%&+.!+#?%2&.,,.!5%##.!,+.1!=!1#.!5+00+&1,)(+%#!3%,%#()+2.!'%12!-$4)''.2!=!,)!'%,+$.!%1!)1!?+0$/!
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!11$:$Expliquez$la$phrase$soulignée.$B.2()+#0!')J0!%#(!1#.!-$%#%&+.!0%1(.22)+#.!-(.#51.!6B%,%&*+.!L!(2)?+$!5.!52%81.!%1!g2V$.!)3.$!*.)1$%1'!5.!(2)3)+,!5+00+&1,-!
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!13$:$Donnez$un$autre$exemple$d'activité$économique$se$traduisant$par$une$destruction$de$capital$naturel$qui$ne$soit$pas$prise$en$compte$par$le$PIB.$[email protected](2)$(+%#!
51!'-(2%,./!51!8)e/!5.!,@%2/!5.0!5+)&)#(0^!S@)82+$1,(12.!+#(.#0+3./!,)!'K$4./!,.0!)$(+3+(-0!+#510(2+.,,.0/!,.!(2)#0'%2(!5.!&)2$4)#5+0.0!.(!')00)8.20/!,)!$%#0%&&)(+%#!5.!
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!14$:$ Comment$la$ comptabilité$ nationale$ pourraitJelle$ mesurer$ la$ destruction$ du$ patrimoine$ naturel$ engendré$ par$ les$ activités$ économiques$ ?[email protected](! 5@1#.!
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