La tension super cielle

ff
Σ=2L x
f
f
δW =f x =f
2L2L x =f 2LΣf 2L=δW Σ'∂W ∂Σ.
f/2L
γ
γ=∂W
∂Σ.
[γ] = =
[γ] = .−2=.−1
γ=∂F
∂ΣT,V,N,{xi}
,
F=U−T S U
T S
F < 0γ
Σ<0

T1T2p1
p2p0
T
T1=T2=T
p1p2
p1−p0=4γ
r1
p2−p0=4γ
r2
,

γ
p2−p0=4γ
r2p1−p0=4γ r1
p1−p2= 4γ1
r1
−1
r2,
p1< p2r1> r2
U S
V T
p0
UF−UI=−p0(VF−VI) + Q SF−SI≥Q
T,
UF−T SF+p0VF−(UI−T SI+p0VI)≤0.
G∗=U−T S +p0V
G∗
F−G∗ I≤0
∆G∗≤0.
G∗

i= 1 i= 2
Viripini
SiT
U(m)
i
T(m)
i=T S(m) iΣ(m) i= 8πr2
i
U(m)
i=T S(m) i+δWiδWi=γΣ(m) i
G∗=U−T S +p0V
G∗=U1+U2−T S1−T S2+p0V1+p0V2
+U(m)
1+U(m) 2−T S(m) 1−T S(m) 2,
G∗=U1+U2−T S1−T S2+p0V1+p0V2
+γΣ(m)
1+γΣ(m) 2.
γΣ(m)
i=γ16πriri=4γ
ri4πr2
iri= (pi−p0)Vi
G∗=U1+U2−T S1−T S2+p1V1+p2V2.
(i)Gi=Ui−T Si+piVi
Gi=−SiT+Vipi+µini
=Vipi+µini;T=,
µi(pi, T ) (i)
Gi=Ui−T Si+piVi
Gi=Ui−T Si+piVi+Vipi.
Ui−T Si+piVi=µini.