TENSE

TEMPS
PRESENT
SIMPLE
FORMATION
Aux: DO/ DOES
Formes: Aff:BV / BV-es
Int: (Wh-) Do / Does + S +V
Nég: S + do/does + not + BV
Le cas particulier de ‘used to’+ V-ing
Aux: BE
Formes: Aff: I am
PRESENT
You /we /they are + V-ing
CONTI
He / she / it is
NUOUS
Int: (Wh-) Am/Is/Are + S + Ving
Nég: S + am/is/are+ not+ Ving
Aux: HAS / HAVE
Formes: Aff: S +has/have + participe
passé
PRESENT
Int: (Wh-) Has/have + S + p.p.
PERFECT
Nég: S + has/have + not + p.p.
/
Aux : HAS / HAVE
Formes: Aff: S +has/have +been + pp
Int: (Wh-) Has/have + S + been
PRESENT
+ p.p.
PERFECT
Nég: S + has/have + not +been
CONTI
+ p.p.
NUOUS
S= sujet
BV= base verbale
Repères temporels
Emploi
Everyday, every week,
month…
Always, usually, often,
never, sometimes…
(On) Mondays…
Everyday, every …
Often, usually, always
At the moment,
Now,
As we speak,
While,
when
Habitude ou vérité
générale
EXEMPLES
Today I don’t feel like doing anything (Bruno Mars, the
lazy song)
What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger (Kelly
Clarkson)
I’m a Barbie girl (..), life in plastic, it’s fantastic (Aqua)
au présent, il indique
une habitude, quelque I’m used to working late at night.
chose que l’on fait
sans problème
Like a hobo from a broken home, nothing’s going to stop
Action ou situation
me (Charlie Winston, Like a hobo)
qui a lieu
All the other boys are trying to chase me (Carly Ray
simultanément au
Jepsen, Call me maybe)
moment de parole
(arrêt sur image) /
description
Does it show again, (..) just how much I’ve missed you?
(Abba, Mamma mia)
Already, ever, never,
Lately, recently,
So far,
Since, for
It’s the first time
V-ing= verbe à la forme –ing
Met l'accent sur le
résultat d'une action
dans le présent ou
permet de faire un
bilan
(V-ing): Insistance
sur la durée de
l'action, sur son
déroulement
I’ve been walking, I’ve been waiting, in the shadows
(The Rasmus, In the shadows)
I’ve been loving you too long (Otis Redding)
p .p= participe passé
* l’emploi de l’auxiliaire + radical verbal à l’affirmatif est une forme d’insistance ex : She does like spinach ! C’est vrai qu’elle aime les épinards !
TEMPS
FORMATION
Repères temporels
Emploi
Aux: DID
Aff.: BV –ed / 2° forme des verbes
irréguliers
PAST
SIMPLE
Nég.: S + did not (didn't) + BV
Yesterday,
last week, month,
year, century…
in the past, formerly
… ago
Action ou situation passée,
repérée et terminée
EXEMPLE
He was a boy and she was a girl, can I make
it anymore obvious? (Avril Lavigne, Sk8ter
boI)
I heard that you found a girl (Adele,
Someone like you)
Why were they open? (Bruno Mars, Grenade)
But you didn’t have to cut me off (Gotie,
somebody that I used to know)
(PRETERIT) Int.: (Wh-) did +sujet + BV
Le cas particulier de ‘used to’+ BV
Aux: BE: was/were
PAST
CONTI
NUOUS
Aff: Be au preterit (was/were) + V-ing
(PRETERIT
CONTI
NUOUS)
Nég: S + was/were +not + V-ing
Int: (Wh-) Was/Were + S +V-ing
Aux: HAD
Aff: Had + p.p.
PAST
PERFECT
(PLU
PERFECT)
/
PAST
PERFECT
CONTI
NUOUS
Nég: S + Had +not + p.p
Int: (Wh-) Had + S + p.p
Aff: Had + been +V-ing
Before, in my youth,
when I was…
Yesterday,
last week, month,
year, century…
in the past, formerly
au prétérit, il indique qq ch qui
était vrai dans le passé, mais ne
l’est plus au moment où l’on
parle
Action ou situation révolue prise
dans son déroulement
(description par exemple)
I used to rule the world, seas would rise
when I gave the word (Viva la Vida,
Coldplay)
I was walking with my mama one day when
she warned me what people say (Mika,
Lollipop)
while
when
Toujours
une
proposition
au prétérit
pour servir
de repère
temporel
Nég: S + had + been +not + V-ing
I saw the end before we’d begun..
I saw you were blinded and I knew I had
won. (James Blunt, Goodbye my lover)
S'utilise pour faire référence à un
passé antérieur à celui que l'on
évoquait
(V-ing): Insistance sur le
déroulement ou la durée de
l'action
Int: had + S + been +V-ing
S= sujet
BV= base verbale
V-ing= verbe à la forme –ing
p .p= participe passé
* l’emploi de l’auxiliaire + radical verbal à l’affirmatif est une forme d’insistance ex : I did go to Spain. Je suis vraiment allé en Espagne.