العناصر المثالية والعناصر الانتقالية

CeLu
ThLr
󰁊
󰁏
󰁊
󰁊󰀯
󰀭
󰀯
󰁊
󰀇 󰁄
󰀬
󰀇 󰁄
 (
)
󰀯
󰀇 󰁄
󰁏
󰀬
󰀬 󰀯 󰀬
󰀇 󰁌 󰀇 󰁄
 󰀇 󰁄 󰀇 󰁄 󰀇
󰀷
󰀮
󰁏
 󰀇 󰀸 󰀇 󰁑󰁊 󰀮
 󰀇
󰀷  󰀮
󰀇 󰁑 
󰁊

󰀮
󰁏
󰀯  󰀬 
 󰀇 󰁄
󰀯
 󰀇 󰁄
 󰀇 󰁄
󰀬
󰀯
󰀮
󰀮
󰁏
󰀶  󰀬
󰀶  󰀬
󰀯󰀰
 󰀇
󰀸 󰀇
󰁄
󰁌
 󰀇
󰁄
󰀶  󰀬
󰀇 󰁊80 %󰀇 󰁄
 󰀇 󰁄
󰀬 .
 󰀇 󰁄
󰀇
󰁄 󰀇 󰀼
󰀮
󰁏
󰀶 󰀶
󰀇 󰁊20 %
 󰀇 󰁄
󰀯3
 󰀇 󰁏
󰀬
 󰀇 󰁄  
󰀬 ( 󰀶 +
󰀶 +  󰀬 ) 󰀇 󰁄
.
 󰀇 󰁄
󰀇 󰀷
󰀬
󰀯
󰀮
󰁏
󰀶
󰁏
󰀮󰁊  󰀬 󰀇
󰁄( )

󰀯
󰁌
 󰀇
󰁄
󰀮
󰁏
󰀇 󰁄
󰀯
 󰀇
󰀷
󰀇 󰁄
󰀇 󰁄
 󰀇 󰁄
󰀇 󰁄  󰀶  󰀬
 󰀇 󰁄
󰀬
󰀯
󰀯
 󰀇 󰁄 󰀇 󰀽  󰀇
󰀷 󰀇 󰀸
󰀯
 󰀇 󰁄
󰀶  󰀯
󰁊
 󰀇 󰁄
󰀇 󰁂
󰀇 󰁄
󰀯
󰀶󰀇 󰀷
󰀯 
󰀶
 󰀇 󰁄
󰀬