
Understanding Double-Loop Learning
The concept of double-loop learning was introduced by Chris Argyris, an
organizational theorist who studied how individuals and organizations learn. His
research distinguished between single-loop and double-loop learning, two different
ways of addressing problems.
● Single-Loop Learning: Involves making adjustments within an existing
framework. Employees or organizations identify an issue, correct it, and continue
following the same procedures.
● Double-Loop Learning: Goes deeper by questioning the underlying
assumptions, policies, and mental models that led to the problem in the first
place. It encourages a shift in mindset and promotes innovation.
For example, consider a sales team struggling to meet targets. A single-loop learning
approach would focus on improving sales techniques or increasing incentives. A
double-loop learning approach, however, would question whether the sales strategy,
customer segmentation, or product-market fit needs to change.
Why Single-Loop Learning Is Not Enough
Most workplace training programs rely on single-loop learning because it is easier and
more immediate. Employees receive feedback, correct mistakes, and continue working
within existing guidelines. While this approach is effective for technical skills and
routine tasks, it falls short when it comes to developing critical thinking,
adaptability, and leadership skills.
In contrast, double-loop learning encourages employees to:
● Challenge conventional thinking
● Ask “Why?” instead of just “How?”
● Experiment with new approaches
● Take ownership of problem-solving and decision-making
● Develop growth mindsets instead of fixed mindsets