CENTRO NACIONAL DE ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY CENTER SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE Luis Casajús Medrano Agadir, 04/09/2018 [email protected] 1 CONTENTS 1. Definitions 2. PV design 3. Solar resource 4. PV installation 5. PV design with PVsyst software 6. Other options 7. Practical example CENTRO NACIONAL DE ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY CENTER 1. DEFINITIONS NORMATIVA Y CERTIFICACIÓN FV 3 1. DEFINITIONS Solar resource: Energy coming from the sun. Solar irradiance: Power density incident in a surface (W/m2). Solar irradiation: Energy incident in a surface during a time period (Wh/m2). PV modules PV cell: Device that converts sunlight into direct current (DC). PV modules: Association of PV cells connected. Peak power: Power of the PV module in STC. STC (Standard tests conditions): Solar irradiance: 1000 W/m2 Spectral distribution: AM 1,5G Cell temperature: 25ºC 1. DEFINITIONS Installation PV installation: Power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaics. It consists of an arrangement of several components, including solar modules to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity, sometimes a solar inverter to change the electrical current from DC to AC, as well as mounting, cabling, and other electrical accessories to set up a working system. PV generator: PV modules association to generate electric power. PV string: PV modules connected in series. PV inverter: Electronic device to convert DC voltage and current into AC voltage and current. Electrical boxes: Boxes where electrical connections and protections devices are placed. Nominal power of the PV installation: Sum of the nominal power of PV inverters. Peak power of the PV installation: Sum of the peak power of PV modules. Performance Ratio (PR): The Performance Ratio of the system is defined as the ratio between the energy fed into the grid by the PV system and the energy generated by the same system working in STC and without losses. The PR represents the deviation of the system from ideal conditions. 1. DEFINITIONS PV string 1 PV string 2 CENTRO NACIONAL DE ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY CENTER 2. PV DESIGN NORMATIVA Y CERTIFICACIÓN FV 7 2. PV DESIGN In order to build a PV plant, from a technical point of view, following steps are needed: Solar resource estimation. Typical meteorological year (TMY) obtained from databases, meteorological stations, etc. Location study: Horizon line, near shadows, terrain (for soiling), etc. PV plant design. PVsyst is a commercial software able to do this task. Other PV simulation software: PV sol, Solarius PV, BlueSol Design 4, Plantpredict, etc. Energy production estimation. PV project writing. PV plant execution. CENTRO NACIONAL DE ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY CENTER 3. SOLAR RESOURCE NORMATIVA Y CERTIFICACIÓN FV 9 3. SOLAR RESOURCE The solar radiation on the earth’s surface is determined by two different factors: astronomical and climatic factors: Astronomical factors. Are dependent on the relative position of sun and earth and the geographic coordinates of the site considered: latitude and longitude. They determine the radiation path through the atmosphere and the incident angle of sun’s beams. The position of sun regarding a determined point on the earths surface can be characterized by two angles: Suns Height (α). Is the angle between the horizontal and the line to the sun. Azimuth (γ). Is the angular displacement from South of the projection of beam radiation on the horizontal plane (for Northern hemisphere). 3. SOLAR RESOURCE Climatic factors. Not all the maximum radiation expected for each sun’s height and location will always be visible from Earth’s surface. Clouds, the amount of water steam, ozone, aerosols and other components suspended in the atmosphere might attenuate the solar radiation because of the absorption, reflexion and scattering of this radiation. Global Radiation (G) is defined as the total amount of sun radiation on a point in earth’s surface. Global Radiation is composed by: Beam (direct) radiation (B). Is the solar radiation received from the sun without having been scattered by the atmosphere. Diffuse Radiation (D). Is the solar radiation received from the sun after being scattered by the atmosphere. Reflected Radiation (R). Is a proportion of the radiation incident on the ground and reflected from it. Depends strongly on the ground type. 3. SOLAR RESOURCE Conclusions: The solar resource evaluation is based on the historical data and depends on the atmospheric and climatic conditions of the site location. Solar irradiation and ambient temperature are the main parameters that have influence in a direct way on the photovoltaic electric production, however aspects related to wind or precipitations are also important. The meteorological data could be obtained from databases with historical data files (at least 10 years) enough to define a Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) for the site. 3. SOLAR RESOURCE World solar map Source: Vaisala 3. SOLAR RESOURCE World solar map Source: Solargis 3. SOLAR RESOURCE Solar map of Europe, Asia and Africa Source: European Commission 3. SOLAR RESOURCE Solar map of Morocco Source: Solar-Med-Atlas CENTRO NACIONAL DE ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY CENTER 4. PV INSTALLATION NORMATIVA Y CERTIFICACIÓN FV 17 4. PV INSTALLATION PV systems examples are exposed in following slides. PV stand alone system PV system grid connected PV system grid connected with potential self-consumption 4. PV INSTALLATION PV stand alone system 4. PV INSTALLATION Examples: Stand alone PV system PV houses Traffic lights Chargers for electronic devices PV system integrated in clothes 4. PV INSTALLATION Examples: Stand alone PV system 4. PV INSTALLATION PV system grid connected 4. PV INSTALLATION Example: PV system grid connected “El Romero” in Chile, built by ACCIONA (246MWp) 4. PV INSTALLATION Example: PV system grid connected Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park - Phase II, 260MW, CdTe, DEWA-Dubai built by TSK 4. PV INSTALLATION Example: PV system grid connected Fustiñana (Navarra) built in 2008 by RIOS RENOVABLES 4. PV INSTALLATION Examples: PV system grid connected 4. PV INSTALLATION Examples: Floating PV systems 4. PV INSTALLATION PV system grid connected with potential self-consumption 4. PV INSTALLATION Roof PV systems 4. PV INSTALLATION Building Integrated Photovoltaic Systems (BIPV) 4. PV INSTALLATION Example: Building integrated PV system in CENER facilities CENTRO NACIONAL DE ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY CENTER 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE NORMATIVA Y CERTIFICACIÓN FV 32 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE PVsyst is a simulation software package for the study, sizing and data analysis of complete PV systems. It deals with grid-connected, stand-alone, pumping and DC-grid (public transportation) PV systems, and includes extensive meteo and PV systems components databases, as well as general solar energy tools. 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE Preliminary design: this is the presizing step of a project. The system yield evaluations are performed very quickly in monthly values, using only a very few general system characteristics or parameters. Project design: it aims to perform a thorough system design using detailed hourly simulations. The complete characteristics of the PV plant can be defined and simulated. The behavior of the PV plant can be analyzed. Databases: for meteorological data and PV components. Creation and management of geographical sites, generation and visualization of hourly meteorological data, import of meteorological data from several predefined sources or from custom ASCII files. Database management of manufacturers and PV components, including PV modules, Inverters, Regulators, Generators, Pumps, etc. Tools: Measured data analysis to display tables and graphs of the PV parameters. This gives a mean of analyzing the real running parameters of the system. Included are also some specific tools of meteo data or solar geometry parameters, irradiation, PV-array behavior or module mismatch, optimizing tools for orientation or voltage, etc. 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE Main steps to design a PV system with PVsyst software Solar Resource Location Monthly values Synthetic hourly data generation PV design Tilt and orientation PV System Detailed losses Preliminary results First simulation Re-design Optimization Design iteration Other options Economic analysis Statistical analysis Final results Simulation Final report Horizon line Near shadings Module layout 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE Project Variants 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE Solar Resource Location Monthly values Synthetic hourly data generation PV design Tilt and orientation PV system Detailed losses Preliminary results First simulation Re-design Optimization Design iteration Other options Economic analysis Statistical analysis Final results Simulation Final report Horizon line Near shadings Module layout 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE Solar Resource Location Monthly values Synthetic hourly data generation PV design Tilt and orientation PV system Detailed losses Preliminary results First simulation Re-design Optimization Design iteration Other options Economic analysis Statistical analysis Final results Simulation Final report Horizon line Near shadings Module layout 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE All buttons are green (eventually orange) or off. Simulation is possible now. 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE Solar Resource Location Monthly values Synthetic hourly data generation PV design Tilt and orientation PV system Detailed losses Preliminary results First simulation Re-design Optimization Design iteration Other options Economic analysis Statistical analysis Final results Simulation Final report Horizon line Near shadings Module layout 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE GlobHor: Global irradiation in the horizontal plane DiffHor: Diffuse irradiation in the horizontal plane Tamb: Ambient average temperature GlobInc: Global irradiation in collector plane GlobEff: “Efective” global irradiation on the collectors EArray: Energy produced by the PV array E_Grid: Energy injected into the grid PR: Performance Ratio of the PV installation 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE Solar Resource Location Monthly values Synthetic hourly data generation PV design Tilt and orientation PV system Detailed losses Preliminary results First simulation Re-design Optimization Design iteration Final results Simulation Final report Other options Economic analysis Statistical analysis Horizon line Near shadings Module layout 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE Solar Resource Location Monthly values Synthetic hourly data generation PV design Tilt and orientation PV system Detailed losses Preliminary results First simulation Re-design Optimization Design iteration Other options Economic analysis Statistical analysis Final results Simulation Final report Horizon line Near shadings Module layout 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE Solar Resource Location Monthly values Synthetic hourly data generation PV design Tilt and orientation PV system Detailed losses Preliminary results First simulation Re-design Optimization Design iteration Other options Economic analysis Statistical analysis Final results Simulation Final report Horizon line Near shadings Module layout 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE 5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE CENTRO NACIONAL DE ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY CENTER 6. OTHER OPTIONS NORMATIVA Y CERTIFICACIÓN FV 105 6. OTHER OPTIONS 6.1 Importation of hourly irradiation data. 6.2 Importation of monthly irradiation data. 6.3 Comparison measured data versus simulation data. 6.1 Importation of hourly irradiation data 6.1 Importation of hourly irradiation data 6. OTHER OPTIONS 6.1 Importation of hourly irradiation data. 6.2 Importation of monthly irradiation data. 6.3 Comparison measured data versus simulation data. 6.2 Importation of monthly irradiation data 6.2 Importation of monthly irradiation data 6. OTHER OPTIONS 6.1 Importation of hourly irradiation data. 6.2 Importation of monthly irradiation data. 6.3 Comparison measured data versus simulation data. 6.3 Comparison measured data versus simulation data 6.3 Comparison measured data versus simulation data 6.3 Comparison measured data versus simulation data 6.3 Comparison measured data versus simulation data 6.3 Comparison measured data versus simulation data CENTRO NACIONAL DE ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY CENTER 7. PRACTICAL EXAMPLE NORMATIVA Y CERTIFICACIÓN FV 118 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION CENTRO NACIONAL DE ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES More information about PVsyst software: NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY CENTER http://www.pvsyst.com/en/ Luis Casajús Medrano [email protected] NORMATIVA Y CERTIFICACIÓN FV 119 www.cener.com
