!" $ # % & ' ( ) → + − + υ β " * ! $ % %& + % , / . $ $0 ( ( , % %& 1 2 - 3 - 2 ( , (4 5 1 6 % 2 − , = − = , - 6 1 % 0 , ! − ! ⋅ ! −+! ⋅ ! −+! = ! −+7 ! ! ⋅ ! −+* 8 3πε ! 3πε ! ) , ( 2 ) - 1 0 2 ( 2 % , ( 9 4 : , = = ; 1 <2 9 ) ) 0> ; , ?? @ > ?& : , , , • 4 % 4 • $ , = = ) A 0 " " " % A 1 , 5 B( B6, A B ( % " C [ ] = @ 1@ > - @= < ( ( " ( ' % ( $0 • = ⋅ 1 1 ( - % " ( • ' % ) - 1 ' D 2 = 1 , ' 6 E ) E E = ( { - }F 1 - + F1 ∧ F 1 - ) ' , 2 0 =− ⋅ , = −λ ⋅ ) 1λ F >! 1 >! F F + ' (G ) 1 = + 6 - D 1 6 - 2 0 1 < ) = ( ( , - - =− 2 6 - F1 F1 1 H 1 H ) , ≤ , 1 - ( , - , ( 3 ' ( , 0 , 2 ( J = I J FF - 1 J= − + H J = 5 1% % & %0 H 6, =− 1 − ( - = ⋅ - D ! - ! % 0 , ) 1 ⇔ = F1 , - % 6 1 =! =! 1 χ ( 1 << 3 - χ ) 0 << K3!!< 9 % G = 0 → - = → 2 - 0 ( 0 ( =− G , I 6 - FF 3 $ 1 - 6 = ⋅ F1 1 , H F1 - = ⋅ F1 1 = , F1 , , 1 6 % ) % ⇔ 1 1 F1 ) =! F1 =! =! ) ! α H 5 , , ( ! 6 = !( •: 1 •G 2 5 •9 • : 2 1 - -1 = ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ F1 = ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ F1 = ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ = ! = ⋅ ! =− ⋅ α⋅ + ! α⋅ # = : H 5 != != − = = = =− ⇔ + α/ ! =!/ α ! =! =− $ ⋅ + + ⋅ α ! α⋅ +! ! 1 =− + α ⋅ +! ! 5 =− α ! H α + % • % ) =− 2 α ! 2 + α× ! α= 0 • =! − 1 + = • ! ) α = α ! = α ! α ! ( π + α ! ! α =!⇔ ( = α ! α= 0 π 3 L α 0 - =− α ! H 0 − − × 1− + ! α = 1α + 6 J 1α = H J 1α = = 2 ≠! α⋅ =!⇔− α ! = !( % = 1 = !( H '2 H ⋅ + 1 =! α ! = + 1 = ⇔ + + = 1 ! ⋅ + 1! ⋅ + 1! ⋅ = F1 = = F1 0 = !- 6 ⋅ α D =! α α =! + α= α = α α − ! π K α J 1α = ! ⇔ − =!⇔ = ! ! =− 0 =− α =− + α ! $ 3 ! + , 6 %0 ! × α + 1 + α ! + - =− ! × ! 1 α= α − + ! =− ! ! ) + ! ! ) - A I ) L B ( 1α J αJ 1α 9 α ) , 6 9 = −λ ⋅ - = −λ 1 ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ F1 + : ⇔ +λ⋅ F1 , = ⋅ F1 = F1 1 H , = F1 = !- ! + λ =τ ⋅ + λ = ! − Fτ −τ ⋅ ! 1 − α ⋅1 − 1 = −τ × × + τ ⋅ 1 ⇔ −τ × + 1 = 1 ! ) ! ( λ −τ ⋅ ! λ + + =τ ⋅ ( ! −τ ⋅ − Fτ − Fτ ! α + ⋅τ ⋅ 1 − ! − Fτ 5 2 − Fτ ! 1 =τ ⋅ 1 ⇔ ! = ! = τ ⋅ −τ ⋅ = τ ⋅ ⋅ +τ 1 − −τ ⋅ = τ ⋅ ⋅ + 1τ ⋅ − τ ⋅ 6 = !- τ= (H ( =τ ⋅ +1 F1 − α + ⋅τ ⋅ = !( 0 − Fτ =! τ× ⇔ = −τ α + ⋅τ ! τ× =τ α + ⋅τ ! α + ⋅τ τ× M =τ 2 1 = −τ × × + ∞ 1 1 =τ × →∞ ; α ! α + ⋅τ ⋅ 1 − +τ × τ× − Fτ 2 α ! α ! =τ ⋅ F1 →∞ τ× +τ ⋅ 1 ! 2 = −τ G α + ⋅τ ! = −τ × ⋅ % α H 2 • : • G 2 • ' • ) , 1 ( 1 + - 0 ( • = ( • 2 = = C π ( α⋅ − = α⋅ ⋅ = ⋅ 1 - ) , % 2 + + = ⋅ / ( F1 = ⋅ / = ⋅ F1 - = F1 G α⋅ − ⇔ ⇔ − α+ α+ α⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ = ⋅ = =! ) 1 = − α ! - D α ! ∈ !/ =! α+ α+ = ⇔ =! =− =− α α * = = α = α α≤ % ) 1 % ) ) α ≤ α! % ) 1 α > α! - α ≤ α! ( I G ) + , =− =− F1 ⋅ F1 ⇔ =− =− ⋅ ⇔ = α− × α ×1 α − ⇔ = H = , α ×1 α =− × α− α α! , α! × + ( ! >! α ×1 = α− α! × + ! 1 (H (1 " G α < α! - H , >! [- ⋅ 1− = ! α1 I α! − α ( 1 , ⋅ = = ( =! 1 >!( ) 1 , ) I 0 G =− ! =! " G α ≥ α! - ∈ [!/ ≥ - + − α⋅ × ⇔ = α+ × α ⇔ = α × 1 α + α! = α × 1 α + α! × + ! <! α ×1 = α+ α! × + ! + ! =! % 2 >! 0 ∈ [!/ ≥ - ) % I 1 [- < !( α > α! - , - =! = < !( H - − α1 ! <! ( ! α+ α! 1 , + / α ≤ α! - 1 7 6 : E - - 6 • • 2 • ' • : 2 1 - - =− ⋅ = ⋅ + ⋅ =− 1 − ! 6 % = F1 =− !=− != - ) + = + − = ⋅ / F1 1 F1 ! ⋅ =− 1 + - ⇔ + , , 1 =− ω ! ! = ! ⇔ + − + + ⋅ =− ! ⋅ =!⇔ =! =! =− N 1ω × + ϕ =! ! ( = ⋅ , $0 ∀ > !- ! + H 1 = ( ( ⋅ =− 1 = ⋅ / 1 = ! 1 = ⇔ 6, − ω 1ω( − π ω= 1ω( + ϕ ! = !- π ϕ=± ϕ =! ⇔ π ϕ = ! >! ϕ=− = ! ω ! = = >! ! ! ω ω( ! ( : , 6 = =− =− 1 − ⋅ ⋅ 1− ! ) + =! − + 1 − = 1 − $ = ! 1 =! ! + = H F1 = ⋅ =− ⇔ = 1 − = + ⋅ + 1 − ! + =− ⇔ =− 1 ( + ⇔ = ⋅ ! =! − ! ⋅ = 1 − = − ! + = ! − = ⋅