Part One: Reading (15 points)
A/ Comprehension (07 points)
Read the text carefully then do the following activities:
Corruption in the health sector can mean the difference between life and death. Poor
people are the most affected. Medical staff can charge unofficial fees to attend to patients.
They may demand bribes for medication which should be free. Corruption also costs lives
when fake adulterated medications are sold to health services.
Without governmental control, public funds can easily disappear. World Bank surveys
show that in some countries up to 80 percent of non-salary health funds never reach local
facilities. Ministers and hospital administrators who embezzle millions of dollars from
health budgets, or accept bribes give bad reputation to qualified medical staff. Stolen funds
also hamper efforts to beat major health challenges, such as Malaria and HIV/ AIDS.
Governments need to publish detailed health budgets and financial information to be
understood. As a result, we can truck funds and prevent them from being stolen. Health
workers need adequate pay and guarantees that salaries will reach them on time.
Governments need to tackle counterfeit drugs at source.
(Adapted from: http://www.transparency.org/topic/detail/health)
1. The text is: a. a newspaper article b. a report c. a web article
2. In which paragraph is it mentioned that:
a. Health workers should be well paid in order to stop bribery?
b. Corruption in medicine affects people’s life?
3. Answer the following questions according to the text.
a. Have fake medicines a harmful impact on people’s health? Justify by quoting from
the text.
b. Which measures should be taken to eradicate corruption in medical institutions?
c. List three (3) illegal practices mentioned in the text above.
4. WHO or WHAT do the underlined words refer to in the text?
a. they (§1) b. who (§2) c. them (§3)
5. Copy the title you think is the most appropriate.
a. Fake Medicine.
b. Corruption and Health Services
c. Health Challenges.