ﲏﻬﳌا ﻦﻮﻜﺘﻟاو ﺔﯿﻨﻃﻮﻟا ﺔﯿﺑﱰﻟا ةرازو
ﻦﻮﻜﺘﻟاو ﺔﯿﺑﱰﻠ ﺔﯾﻮﻬﳉا ﺔﯿﳝدﰷٔا
ﺔﯾداﺪٕﻻا ﻲﻌﻓﺎﺸﻟا مﺎﻣٕﻻا ﺔﯾﻮﻧ
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:ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻖﺋﺎﺛﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﻝﺎﻐﺘﺷﻻﺍ)
7
قﻼﻄﻧ ﺺﻧ.
رؤ تدﺎﺳ ﱵﻟا ﺮﻮﺘﻟا ءاﻮﺟٔ نﰷ نﺮﻘﻟا ﺮﺧاؤ ﺬﻣ
19 ﱄﱪﻣٕﻻا ﺲﻓﺎﻨﺘﻟا ﺐﺴ م ﲋﻟا ﺪﺎﺼﺗوا،ﺎﻬﻟود ﲔﺑ تﺎ ﺔﯾﺮﻜﺴﻌﻟا تﺎﻘﻔﻨﻟا ﰲ ةدﺰﻟا ﻮﳓ ﻩﺎﲡ ﰲ ﳼﺎﺳٔ رود
ًاﺮﲝو ًاﺮ ﺢﻠﺴﻟا ﻮﳓ ﻖﺑﺎﺴﻟاو .اﱰﻠﳒاو ﺎﯿﻧﺎﳌٔ ﲔﺑ ﻮﻗ يﺮﺤﺒﻟا ﺢﻠﺴﻟا ناﺪﻣ ﰲ ﺲﻓﺎﻨﺘﻟا نﰷو .. يا عاﲋﻟ ًﺎﺳﺎﺳٔ ﻂﺒﺗرا ﺪﻘﻓ ،يﱪﻟا ﺢﻠﺴﻟا ﻮﳓ ﺎﺴﺮﻓو ﺎﯿﻧﺎﳌٔ ﲔﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﺴﻟا ﺎﻣٔ
ﻦرﻮﻠاو ساﺰﻟٔا ﱵﻘﻄﻣ لﻮﺣ ﲔﺘﻟوا ﲔﺑ ﺎﲚﺎﻗ ﻞﻇ ..
ٔا ةرﺎﻘﻟا تﺪﻬﺷ ﺔﯾﺮﻜﺴﻌﻟا تاداﺪﻌﺘﺳ ﻩﺬﻫ ةازاﻮﲟوﺔﯿﺑرو..ﺔﯾدﺎﻌﻣ ﺔﯿﻋﺎﻓد تﻼﻜو فﻼٔ ﺔﻮﶍ ﻦﻮﻜ، ﰎ ﺚﺣ
ﻲﲰ ﺎﻣ ﻦﻮﻜﰔﻼﺜﻟا ﻒﻟﺎﺘﻟ
La Triple alliance،ﺎﺴﳮاو ﺎﯿﻧﺎﳌٔ ﻪﺘﲢ تﻮﻀﻧا-ﺎﯿﻟﺎﻄﯾٕا ﰒ رﺎﻐﻨﻫ
، وﰔﻼﺜﻟا قﺎﻓﻮﻟاLa triple Entente، ﺎﯿﺳورو ﺎﺴﺮﻓ ﻦﻣ ﰻ ﻪﺘﲢ تﻮﻀﻧا
اﱰﻠﳒاو. ..ﺪﻧﺎﻨﯾدﺮﻓ اﻮﺴﺮﻓ ﺎﺴﳮا ﺪﻬﻋ ﱄو لﺎﯿﺘﻏا ﻦﻜﻟFrançois Ferdinand ﺎﻨﺛٔﻮُﻔﯿﯾاَ
ﴎ ﺔﻨﯾﺪﳌ ﺔﯿﲰﺮﻟا ﻪﺗرز ءSarajevo ﺔﺳﻮﺒﻟا
؛ مﻮﯾ28 ﻮﯿﻧﻮﯾ1914 ﺔﻄﻘﻨﻟا ﺔﺑﺎﺜﲟ نﰷ ،م
سٔﻟا ﺖﺿﺎﻓٔ ﱵﻟا ﺑ ﺖﻌﻟﺪﻧﺎﻓﱃؤا ﺔﯿﳌﺎﻌﻟا بﺮﳊا ﺬ.
رﺪﺼﳌا :ﺔﯾﻮﻧﺎﺜﻟا ﺔﺜﻟﺎﺜﻟا ﺔﻨﺴﻠ ﱗرﺎﺘﻟا بﺎﺘﻛ
)ﺐﻌﺸﻟا ﻊﯿﲨ
(ط،ءﺎﻀﯿﺒﻟا راا ،ﺔﺜﯾﺪﳊا دﺎﺷﺮﻟا راد ،
2006ص،56-57-58 .فﴫﺘﺑ
ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ:
1. دﺪ)ي (ﻩرﺪﺼﻣو ﻲﳜرﺎﺘﻟا ﺺﻨﻟا ﺔﯿﻋﻮﻧ]1ن :[.....................................................................................................................................................
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2. حﴍا)ي (ﺺﻨﻟا ﰲ ﻂﺧ ﻪﺘﲢﺎﻣ ﺎﯿﳜر ﺎﴍ]1ن.............................................................................................. :[................................................
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3. جﺮﺨﺘﺳا)ي (ﰴو ﱃؤا ﺔﯿﳌﺎﻌﻟا بﺮﳊا بﺎﺒﺳٔ ﺺﻨﻟا ﻦﻣ)ي (ةﴍﺎﻣو ةﴍﺎﻣ ﲑ ﱃٕا ﺎﻬﻔﯿﻨﺼﺘﺑ
]2ن............................................................................... :[
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4. جﺮﺨﺘﺳا)ي (ﺺﻨﻠ ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟا ةﺮﻜﻔﻟا]2ن.......................................................................................................................... :[...................................
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5. ﻒﺿ ﻚﺗﺎﺒﺴﻜﻣ ﲆ ادﻋا)ي (ا ﺾﻌﺑﱃؤا ﺔﯿﳌﺎﻌﻟا بﺮﺤﻠ ةﴍﺎﺒﳌا ﲑ بﺎﺒﺳٔ]1ن[............................................................................................. :
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ﺔﻴﻌﺿﻮﻟﺍ2 :ﺔﻨﻃﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻋﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺔﻠﺌﺳﺃﻭ ﻒﻳﺭﺎﻌﺗ)6ﻥ(
ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ:
1. فﺮﻋ)ي (ﲇﯾﺎﻣ]2ن:[
- ﱊﻮﻤﻌﻟا ﻖﻓﺮﳌا :.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
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- ﻖﻔﺗﺮﳌا............................................................................... :..........................................................................................................................
2 .ﻊﺿ)ي (ﺔﻣﻼ)× (ﺐﺳﺎﻨﳌا نﲀﳌا ﰲ]4ن:[
ﱊﻮﲻ ﻖﻓﺮﻣ ﺔﯾداﺪٕﻻا ﻲﻌﻓﺎﺸﻟا مﺎﻣٕﻻا ﺔﯾﻮﻧﻪﻨﻋ ىدﺆﻣ عﺎﻔﺘﻧ لﺪﺑ ﻊﻓد رﺎﯿﻌﻣ ﺐﺴﺣ
.
ﱃٕا يﻮﻧﺎﺜﻟا ﲓﻠﻌﺘﻟ ﺔﺴﺳﺆﳌا ﺲﻟﺎﳎ ﻢﺴﻘﻨﺗ
3 مﺎﺴﻗٔا ﺲﻟﺎﳎو ﺔﯿﳰﻠﻌﺘﻟا ﺲﻟﺎاو يﻮﺑﱰﻟا ﺲﻠا ﱔ
ﻂﻘﻓ وا ﺎﲠ ﺺﺘﲣ ﺔﯿﻟوﺆﺴﻣ ﺔﯿﻋﺟ ﰻﺎﺸﳌا ﻞ
ﲔﻠﺎﻔﻟا ﻊﻣ ﺔﻛﴩ ﻞﻤﻌﺗ ﺔﻣﻮﲻ ﺔﻌﻔﻣ تاذ ﺔﺴﺳﺆﻣ ﻦﻣﺎﻀﺘﻠ ﺲﻣﺎﳋا ﺪﶊ ﺔﺴﺳﺆﻣ ﺔﻨﺳ ﺖﺛﺪٔ ،ﺮﻘﻔﻟا ﺔﺑرﺎﳏ ﲆ ﻦﺮﺧٓا ﲔﯿﻋﺟ1999م.