COURS D’ANGLAIS (classe de 4ème) Presented by Mr. Khazim Diop Academic year: 2011­2012 ● Some grammar keys Inversion When the following words are at the beginning of a sentence, we apply the inversion Never + inversion…………………. Ex: Never before have we produced so much rubbish. Little +inversion…………………… Not only +inversion……..but Ex: Not only is he the strongest but also the No sooner+ inversion……than….. Hardly+ inversion…………….when…… ● Ing forms Le gérondif peut remplir toutes les fonctions du groupe nominal ● Sujet :smoking is harmful ● Complement : I dislike fishing ● Après les conjunctions et prepositions: I’m tired of telling you the same old stuff. ● Après les verbes exprimant les dispositions psychologiques:to feel like, like, dislike, love, hate, enjoy. Ex: I dislike playing tennis. ● Après les verbes exprimant le début , la fin ou la continuation d’une action: to start, to begin, to continue, to carry on, to go on, to keep on, to stop, to cease (start et begin peuvent aussi être suivis de l’infinitif) ● Après certains verbes et expressions comme: avoid, can’t help, imagine, mind, practice, it’s worth, it’s no use, it’s no good, it’s fun, to be fed up with… ● Après Instead of Ex: Instead of doing your job, you waste time talking nonsense. COURS D’ANGLAIS (classe de 4ème) ● Infinitive with/without to A-verbs followed by the infinitive with to (infinitif complet) Certains verbes sont toujours suivis de l’infinitif avec to: sujet+verbe+objet+infinitif avec to En anglais, je veux que tu fasses cela se traduit par : I want you to do that. Quand les verbes comme to want-to ask-to order-to help-to expect-to beg-to tell-to allow-to get… sont suivis d’un nom ou d’un pronom plus un autre verbe avec to. want They the others to tell them the truth. ask order help expect beg tell allow Negation: I told him not to do that. B-verbs followed by the infitive without to D’autres verbes sont suivis de l’infinitif sans to ex: to make-to let-to see-to hear-to have- to make someone do something=faire faire quelque chose à quelqu’un. Sujet+verbe+objet+infinitif sans to make COURS D’ANGLAIS (classe de 4ème) They the others tell the truth. let see hear have Apres Why / Why not: Why worry about those who are jealous? Why not do the job right now? ● ● Habit Used to+base verbale=l’habitude dans le passé ou la cessation Ex: He used to smoke. (In the past, and he no longer smoks) ● To be used to+ nom/ pronom/ ing= l’habitude Ex: He is used to long journeys. He is used to that. He is used to toiling. ● To get used to= s’habituer à, se familiariser à + - ing Ex: Soldiers get used to remaining more than three days without sleeping. He gets used to drinking coffee without sugar. ● ● It’s…time It’s the first time(2nd time)+present perfect Ex: it’s the first time I have met President Wade. ● It was the first time+ past perfect Ex: it was the first time I had met President Wade (in 2002) ● It’s (high, about)time+ infinitif ou sujet+ preterit It’s (high) time to go to school. It’s (high) time we went to school. ● Had better + infinitive without ‘to’ Strong recommendation in a particular situation (threat, warning...) COURS D’ANGLAIS (classe de 4ème) Ex: You had better obey your parents. Ex: You’d better hurry; you’re almost late ● ‘Would rather’ Would rather + semi infinitive means ‘would prefer’ Ex: Would you rather go to The USA or to Europe? Would rather + subject + past tense to express preference in the present or future. Ex: I’d rather you did your exercises straight away.