Purposive Communication

The Communication Process
Definition of Communication
 It is the sharing and receiving of information, thoughts.
 It is a two-way exchange of ideas via verbal, non-verbal, and visual means.
 It is an interaction between participants.
Speech Communication Process
7 Communication Elements
1. Sender/Source
2. Receiver
3. Message
4. Channel
5. Feedback
6. Noise
7. Context
The Communication Process
Role
Stages
1- Idea Formulation
Sender of the
Message
Receiver of the
Message
2- Encoding
Experience
The sender thinks of a message to
communicate and decides to share it.
The sender transforms the message using
verbal and non-verbal communication.
3- Transmission
The sender gives the message.
4- Receiving
The receiver gets the message.
5- Decoding
The receiver processes the information.
6- Feedback
The receiver responds to the message.
7 Principles of Communication
1. Communication is purposeful.
2. It involves choices.
3. It is ambiguous.
4. It involves content and relationship dimensions.
5. Communication has a power dimension
6. It is punctuated
7. It is inevitable, irreversible, and unrepeatable.
Aristotle Model (before 300 B.C.)
Lasswell Model (1948)
Schramm Model (1954)
Berlo Model (1960)
Types of Communication
1. Verbal (oral communication)--use of voice, language
2. Non-verbal - use of gestures, body language, etc.
3. Written—words of a language, orthography
Basic Forms of Communication
Non-verbal
Verbal
Unstructured
Rule-specific
Spontaneous
Almost always planned
Expressing Yourself Using Verbal Communication
 Appropriateness
 Brevity
 Clarity
 Ethics
 Vividness
Basic Forms of Communication= Non-verbal Examples
 Appearance
 Proxemics
 Facial Expressions
 Paralinguistics
 Gestures
 Eye Gaze
 Body Language
 Haptics
IMPROVING YOUR NON-VERBAL SKILLS
 Maintain eye contact
 Use posture to show interest
 Probe for more information
 Avoid out of context NV
 Study cultural diversities
 Improve your decoding skills
 Observe yourself in the mirror
 Do not forget how appearance says something
 Enlist family and friends